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aliquid ad aliquem

  • 1 aliquid

    ălĭquis, aliquid; plur. aliqui [alius-quis; cf. Engl. somebody or other, i.e. some person [p. 88] obscurely definite; v. Donald. Varron. p. 381 sq.] ( fem. sing. rare).— Abl. sing. aliqui, Plaut. Aul. prol. 24; id. Most. 1, 3, 18; id. Truc. 5, 30; id. Ep. 3, 1, 11.— Nom. plur. masc. aliques, analog. to ques, from quis, acc. to Charis. 133 P.— Nom. and acc. plur. neutr. always aliqua.— Dat. and abl. plur. aliquibus, Liv. 22, 13;

    oftener aliquis,

    id. 26, 15; 26, 49; Plin. 2, 48, 49, § 131.—Alicui, trisyl., Tib. 4, 7, 2), indef. subst. pron., some one, somebody, any one, something, any thing; in the plur., some, any (it is opp. to an object definitely stated, as also to no one, nobody. The synn. quis, aliquis, and quidam designate an object not denoted by name; quis leaves not merely the object, but even its existence, uncertain; hence it is in gen. used in hypoth. and conditional clauses, with si, nisi, num, quando, etc.; aliquis, more emphatic than quis, denotes that an object really exists, but that nothing depends upon its individuality; no matter of what kind it may be, if it is only one, and not none; quidam indicates not merely the existence and individuality of an object, but that it is known as such to the speaker, only that he is not acquainted with, or does not choose to give, its more definite relations; cf. Jahn ad Ov. M. 9, 429, and the works there referred to).
    I.
    A.. In gen.: nam nos decebat domum Lugere, ubi esset aliquis in lucem editus, Enn. ap. Cic. Tusc. 1, 48, 115 (as a transl. of Eurip. Cresph. Fragm. ap. Stob. tit. 121, Edei gar hêmas sullogon poioumenous Ton phunta thrênein, etc.):

    Ervom tibi aliquis cras faxo ad villam adferat,

    Plaut. Most. 1, 1, 65:

    hunc videre saepe optabamus diem, Quom ex te esset aliquis, qui te appellaret patrem,

    Ter. Hec. 4, 4, 30:

    utinam modo agatur aliquid!

    Cic. Att. 3, 15:

    aliquid facerem, ut hoc ne facerem,

    I would do any thing, that I might not do this, Ter. And. 1, 5, 24; so id. Phorm. 5, 6, 34:

    fit plerumque, ut ei, qui boni quid volunt adferre, adfingant aliquid, quo faciant id, quod nuntiant, laetius,

    Cic. Phil. 1, 3:

    quamvis enim demersae sunt leges alicujus opibus,

    id. Off. 2, 7, 24:

    quod motum adfert alicui,

    to any thing, id. Tusc. 1, 23, 53: te donabo ego hodie aliqui (abl.), Plaut. Most. 1, 3, 18; so, gaudere aliqui me volo, in some thing (or some way), id. Truc. 5, 30:

    nec manibus humanis (Deus) colitur indigens aliquo,

    any thing, Vulg. Act. 17, 25:

    non est tua ulla culpa, si te aliqui timuerunt,

    Cic. Marcell. 6 fin.:

    in narratione, ut aliqua neganda, aliqua adicienda, sic aliqua etiam tacenda,

    Quint. 4, 2, 67:

    sunt aliqua epistulis eorum inserta,

    Tac. Or. 25:

    laudare aliqua, ferre quaedam,

    Quint. 2, 4, 12:

    quaero, utrum aliquid actum an nihil arbitremur,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 15: quisquis est ille, si modo est aliquis (i. e. if only there is some one), qui, etc., id. Brut. 73, 255; so id. Ac. 2, 43, 132, etc.; Liv. 2, 10 fin.:

    nunc aliquis dicat mihi: Quid tu?

    Hor. S. 1, 3, 19; so id. ib. 2, 2, 94; 2, 2, 105; 2, 3, 6; 2, 5, 42, and id. Ep. 2, 1, 206.— Fem. sing.:

    Forsitan audieris aliquam certamine cursus Veloces superāsse viros,

    Ov. M. 10, 560:

    si qua tibi spon sa est, haec tibi sive aliqua est,

    id. ib. 4, 326.—
    B.
    Not unfrequently with adj.:

    Novo modo novum aliquid inventum adferre addecet,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 156:

    novum aliquid advertere,

    Tac. A. 15, 30:

    judicabant esse profecto aliquid naturā pulchrum atque praeclarum,

    Cic. Sen. 13, 43:

    mihi ne diuturnum quidem quidquam videtur, in quo est aliquid extremum,

    in which there is any end, id. ib. 19, 69; cf. id. ib. 2, 5:

    dignum aliquid elaborare,

    Tac. Or. 9:

    aliquid improvisum, inopinatum,

    Liv. 27, 43:

    aliquid exquisitum,

    Tac. A. 12, 66:

    aliquid illustre et dignum memoriā,

    id. Or. 20:

    sanctum aliquid et providum,

    id. G. 8:

    insigne aliquid faceret eis,

    Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 31:

    aliquid magnum,

    Verg. A. 9, 186, and 10, 547:

    quos magnum aliquid deceret, Juv 8, 263: dicens se esse aliquem magnum,

    Vulg. Act. 8, 9:

    majus aliquid et excelsius,

    Tac. A. 3, 53:

    melius aliquid,

    Vulg. Heb. 11, 40:

    deterius aliquid,

    ib. Joan. 5, 14.—Also with unus, to designate a single, but not otherwise defined person:

    ad unum aliquem confugiebant,

    Cic. Off. 2, 12, 41 (cf. id. ib. 2, 12, 42: id si ab uno justo et bono viro consequebantur, erant, etc.): sin aliquis excellit unus e multis;

    effert se, si unum aliquid adfert,

    id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; so id. Verr. 2, 2, 52:

    aliquis unus pluresve divitiores,

    id. Rep. 1, 32: nam si natura non prohibet et esse virum bonum et esse dicendiperitum:

    cur non aliquis etiam unus utrumque consequi possit? cur autem non se quisque speret fore illum aliquem?

    that one, Quint. 12, 1, 31; 1, 12, 2.—
    C.
    Partitive with ex, de, or the gen.:

    aliquis ex vobis,

    Cic. Cael. 3:

    aliquem ex privatis audimus jussisse, etc.,

    Plin. 13, 3, 4, § 22:

    ex principibus aliquis,

    Vulg. Joan. 7, 48; ib. Rom. 11, 14:

    aliquis de tribus nobis,

    Cic. Leg. 3, 7:

    si de iis aliqui remanserint,

    Vulg. Lev. 26, 39; ib. 2 Reg. 9, 3:

    suorum aliquis,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 9:

    exspectabam aliquem meorum,

    id. Att. 13, 15: succurret fortasse alicui vestrūm, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1:

    trium rerum aliqua consequemur,

    Cic. Part. 8, 30:

    impetratum ab aliquo vestrūm,

    Tac. Or. 15; so Vulg. 1 Cor. 6, 1:

    principum aliquis,

    Tac. G. 13:

    cum popularibus et aliquibus principum,

    Liv. 22, 13:

    horum aliquid,

    Vulg. Lev. 15, 10.—
    D.
    Aliquid (nom. or acc.), with gen. of a subst. or of a neutr, adj. of second decl. instead of the adj. aliqui, aliqua, aliquod, agreeing with such word:

    aliquid pugnae,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 54:

    vestimenti aridi,

    id. Rud. 2, 6, 16:

    consilii,

    id. Ep. 2, 2, 71:

    monstri,

    Ter. And. 1, 5, 15:

    scitamentorum,

    Plaut. Men. 1, 3, 26:

    armorum,

    Tac. G. 18:

    boni,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 5; Ter. And. 2, 3, 24; Vulg. Joan. 1, 46:

    aequi,

    Ter. Ad. 2, 1, 33:

    mali,

    Plaut. Ep. 1, 1, 60; Ter. Eun. 5, 5, 29:

    novi,

    Q. Cic. Pet. Cons. 1, 1; Vulg. Act. 17, 21:

    potionis,

    Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 22:

    virium,

    Cic. Fam. 11, 18:

    falsi,

    id. Caecin. 1, 3:

    vacui,

    Quint. 10, 6, 1:

    mdefensi,

    Liv. 26, 5 al. —Very rarely in abl.:

    aliquo loci morari,

    Dig. 18, 7, 1.—
    E.
    Frequently, esp. in Cic., with the kindred words aliquando, alicubi, aliquo, etc., for the sake of emphasis or rhetorical fulness, Cic. Planc. 14, 35:

    asperius locutus est aliquid aliquando,

    id. ib. 13, 33; id. Sest. 6, 14; id. Mil. 25, 67:

    non despero fore aliquem aliquando,

    id. de Or. 1, 21, 95; id. Rep. 1, 9; id. Or. 42, 144; id. Fam. 7, 11 med.: evadat saltem aliquid aliquā, quod conatus sum, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1; App. Mag. p. 295, 17 al.—
    F.
    In conditional clauses with si, nisi, quod si, etc.:

    si aliquid de summā gravitate Pompeius dimisisset,

    Cic. Phil. 13, 1: si aliquid ( really any thing, in contrast with nihil) dandum est voluptati, id. Sen. 13, 44: quod si non possimus aliquid proficere suadendo, Lucc. ap. Cic. Fam. 5, 14, 5:

    Quod si de iis aliqui remanserint,

    Vulg. Lev. 26, 39:

    si quando aliquid tamquam aliqua fabella narratur,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 59:

    si quis vobis aliquid dixerit,

    Vulg. Matt. 21, 3; ib. Luc. 19, 8:

    si aliquem, cui narraret, habuisset,

    Cic. Lael. 23, 88:

    si aliquem nacti sumus, cujus, etc.,

    id. ib. 8, 27:

    cui (puero) si aliquid erit,

    id. Fam. 14, 1:

    nisi alicui suorum negotium daret,

    Nep. Dion, 8, 2:

    si aliquid eorum praestitit,

    Liv. 24, 8.—
    G.
    In negative clauses with ne:

    Pompeius cavebat omnia, no aliquid vos timeretis,

    Cic. Mil. 24, 66:

    ne, si tibi sit pecunia adempta, aliquis dicat,

    Nep. Epam. 4, 4:

    ne alicui dicerent,

    Vulg. Luc. 8, 46.—
    H.
    In Plaut. and Ter. collect. with a plur. verb (cf. tis, Matth. Gr. 673): aperite atque Erotium aliquis evocate, open, some one (of you), etc., Plaut. Men. 4, 2, 111 (cf. id. Ps. 5, 1, 37:

    me adesse quis nuntiate): aperite aliquis actutum ostium,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 4, 27.—
    I.
    In Verg. once with the second person sing.:

    Exoriare aliquis nostris ex ossibus ultor, Qui face Dardanios ferroque sequare colonos,

    Verg. A. 4, 625.
    ► In the following passages, with the critical authority added, aliquis seems to stand for the adj.
    aliqui, as nemo sometimes stands with a noun for the adj. nullus:

    nos quibus est alicunde aliquis objectus labos,

    Ter. Hec. 3, 1, 6 Fleck.;

    Et ait idem, ut aliquis metus adjunctus sit ad gratiam,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 7, 24 B. and K.:

    num igitur aliquis dolor in corpore est?

    id. Tusc. 1, 34, 82 iid.:

    ut aliquis nos deus tolleret,

    id. Am. 23, 87 iid.: sin casus aliquis interpellārit, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8 iid.:

    si deus aliquis vitas repente mutāsset,

    Tac. Or. 41 Halm:

    sic est aliquis oratorum campus,

    id. ib. 39 id.:

    sive sensus aliquis argutā sententiā effulsit,

    id. ib. 20 id. A similar use of aliquid for the adj. aliquod was asserted to exist in Plaut. by Lind. ad Cic. Inv. 2, 6, 399, and this is repeated by Klotz, s. v. aliquis, but Lemaire's Index gives only one instance: ni occupo aliquid mihi consilium, Plaut. Men. 5, 2, 94, where Brix now reads aliquod.
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    With alius, aliud: some or any other, something else, any thing else:

    dum aliud aliquid flagitii conficiat,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 2, 5:

    potest fieri, ut alius aliquis Cornelius sit,

    Cic. Fragm. B. VI. 21:

    ut per alium aliquem te ipsum ulciscantur,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 6, 22:

    non est in alio aliquo salus,

    Vulg. Act. 4, 12:

    aliquid aliud promittere,

    Petr. 10, 5 al. —
    B.
    And with the idea of alius implied, in opp. to a definite object or objects, some or any other, something else, any thing else: aut ture aut vino aut aliqui (abl.) semper supplicat, Plaut. Aul prol. 24:

    vellem aliquid Antonio praeter illum libellum libuisset scribere,

    Cic. Brut. 44:

    aut ipse occurrebat aut aliquos mittebat,

    Liv. 34, 38:

    cum seditionem sedare vellem, cum frumentum imperarem..., cum aliquid denique rei publicae causā gererem,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 27, 20: commentabar declamitans saepe cum M. Pisone et cum Q. Pompeio aut cum aliquo cotidie id. Brut. 90, 310; Vell. 1, 17; Tac. A. 1, 4: (Tiberius) neque spectacula omnino edidit;

    et iis, quae ab aliquo ederentur, rarissime interfuit,

    Suet. Tib. 47.—
    C.
    In a pregn. signif. as in Gr. tis, ti, something considerable, important, or great = aliquid magnum (v. supra. I. B.; cf. in Gr. hoti oiesthe ti poiein ouden poiountes, Plat. Symp. 1, 4):

    non omnia in ducis, aliquid et in militum manu esse,

    Liv. 45, 36.—Hence, esp.,
    1.
    Esse aliquem or aliquid, to be somebody or something, i. e to be of some worth, value, or note, to be esteemed:

    atque fac, ut me velis esse aliquem,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15 fin.:

    aude aliquid brevibus Gyaris dignum, si vis esse aliquis,

    Juv. 1, 73:

    an quidquam stultius quam quos singulos contemnas, eos esse aliquid putare universos?

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 36, 104:

    exstitit Theodas dicens se esse aliquem,

    Vulg. Act. 5, 36: si umquam in dicendo fuimus aliquid. Cic. Att. 4, 2:

    ego quoque aliquid sum,

    id. Fam. 6, 18:

    qui videbantur aliquid esse,

    Vulg. Gal. 2, 2; 2, 6: quod te cum Culeone scribis de privilegio locutum, est aliquid ( it is something, it is no trifle):

    sed, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 3, 15: est istuc quidem aliquid, sed, etc.; id. Sen. 3; id. Cat. 1, 4:

    est aliquid nupsisse Jovi,

    Ov. F. 6, 27:

    Est aliquid de tot Graiorum milibus unum A Diomede legi,

    id. M. 13, 241:

    est aliquid unius sese dominum fecisse lacertae,

    Juv. 3, 230:

    omina sunt aliquid,

    Ov. Am. 1, 12, 3; so,

    crimen abesse,

    id. F. 1, 484:

    Sunt aliquid Manes,

    Prop. 5, 7, 1:

    est aliquid eloquentia,

    Quint. 1, prooem. fin. —
    2.
    Dicere aliquid, like legein ti, to say something worth the while:

    diceres aliquid et magno quidem philosopho dignum,

    Cic. Tusc. 3, 16, 35; cf. Herm. ad Vig. 731; 755; so, assequi aliquid, to effect something considerable:

    Etenim si nunc aliquid assequi se putant, qui ostium Ponti viderunt,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 20, 45.—
    3.
    In colloquial lang.: fiet aliquid, something important or great, will, may come to pass or happen: Ch. Invenietur, exquiretur, aliquid fiet. Eu. Enicas. Jam istuc aliquid fiet, metuo, Plaut. Merc. 2, 4, 25:

    mane, aliquid fiet, ne abi,

    id. Truc. 2, 4, 15; Ter. And. 2, 1, 14.—
    D.
    Ad aliquid esse, in gram. lang., to refer or relate to something else, e. g. pater, filius, frater, etc. (v. ad):

    idem cum interrogantur, cur aper apri et pater patris faciat, il lud nomen positum, hoc ad aliquid esse contendunt,

    Quint. 1, 6, 13 Halm.—
    E.
    Atque aliquis, poet. in imitation of hôide de tis, and thus some one (Hom. II. 7, 178;

    7, 201 al.): Atque aliquis, magno quaerens exempla timori, Non alios, inquit, motus, etc.,

    Luc. 2, 67 Web.; Stat. Th. 1, 171; Claud. Eutr. 1, 350.—
    F.
    It is sometimes omitted before qui, esp. in the phrase est qui, sunt qui:

    praemittebatque de stipulatoribus suis, qui perscrutarentur, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 2, 7, 25:

    sunt quibus in satirā videar nimis acer,

    Hor. S. 2, 1, 1:

    sunt qui adiciant his evidentiam, quae, etc.,

    Quint. 4, 2, § 63 (cf. on the contr. § 69: verum in his quoque confessionibus est aliquid. quod ex invidiā detrahi possit).—
    G.
    Aliquid, like nihil (q. v. I. g), is used of persons:

    Hinc ad Antonium nemo, illinc ad Caesarem cotidie aliquid transfugiebat,

    Vell. 2, 84, 2 (cf. in Gr. tôn d allôn ou per ti... oute theôn out anthrôpôn, Hom. H. Ven. 34 sq. Herm.).— Hence the advv.
    A.
    ălĭquid (prop. acc. denoting in what respect, with a verb or [p. 89] adj.; so in Gr. ti), somewhat, in something, in some degree, to some extent:

    illud vereor, ne tibi illum succensere aliquid suspicere,

    Cic. Deiot. 13, 35:

    si in me aliquid offendistis,

    at all, in any respect, id. Mil. 36, 99:

    quos tamen aliquid usus ac disciplina sublevarent,

    somewhat, Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    Philippi regnum officere aliquid videtur libertati vestrae,

    Liv. 31, 29:

    Nos aliquid Rutulos contra juvisse nefandum est?

    Verg. A. 10, 84:

    neque circumcisio aliquid valet,

    Vulg. Gal. 6, 15:

    perlucens jam aliquid, incerta tamen lux,

    Liv. 41, 2:

    aliquid et spatio fessus,

    Plin. 5, 9, 10, § 54; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 259; Ellendt ad Cic. de Or. 1, 9, 35.—
    B.
    ălĭquō (from aliquoi, old dat. denoting direction whither; cf.: eo, quo, alio, etc.).
    1.
    Somewhither (arch.), to some place, somewhere; in the comic poets sometimes also with a subst. added, which designates the place more definitely:

    ut aliquo ex urbe amoveas,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 94:

    aliquo abicere,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 7, 26:

    concludere,

    id. Eun. 4, 3, 25 (cf. id. Ad. 4, 2, 13, in cellam aliquam concludere):

    ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 17:

    demigrandum potius aliquo est quam, etc.,

    id. Dom. 100:

    aliquem aliquo impellere,

    id. Vatin. 15:

    aliquo exire,

    id. Q. Fr. 3, 1:

    aliquo advenire vel sicunde discedere,

    Suet. Calig. 4; Plaut. Rud. 2, 6, 51; id. Men. 5, 1, 3:

    in angulum Aliquo abire,

    Ter. Ad. 5, 2, 10; 3, 3, 6:

    aliquem rus aliquo educere,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 3, 3.—With a gen., like quo, ubi, etc.: migrandum Rhodum aut aliquo terrarum, Brut. ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 1, 5.—
    2.
    With the idea of alio implied, = alio quo, somewhere else, to some other place (cf. aliquis, II. B.):

    dum proficiscor aliquo,

    Ter. And. 2, 1, 28:

    at certe ut hinc concedas aliquo,

    id. Heaut. 3, 3, 11:

    si te parentes timerent atque odissent tui, ab eorum oculis aliquo concederes,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 7, 17; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 265.—
    C.
    ălĭquam, adv. (prop. acc. fem.), = in aliquam partem, in some degree; only in connection with diu, multus, and plures.
    1.
    Aliquam diu (B. and K.), or together aliquamdiu (Madv., Halm, Dietsch), awhile, for a while, for some time; also pregn., for some considerable time (most freq. in the histt., esp. Cæs. and Livy; also in Cic.).
    a.
    Absol.:

    ut non aliquando condemnatum esse Oppianicum, sed aliquam diu incolumem fuisse miremini,

    Cic. Clu. 9, 25:

    Aristum Athenis audivit aliquam diu,

    id. Ac. 1, 3, 12:

    in vincula conjectus est, in quibus aliquamdiu fuit,

    Nep. Con. 5, 3;

    id. Dion, 3, 1: quā in parte rex affuit, ibi aliquamdiu certatum,

    Sall. J. 74, 3; Liv. 3, 70, 4.—
    b.
    Often followed by deinde, postea, postremo, tandem, etc.:

    pugnatur aliquamdiu pari contentione: deinde, etc., Auct. B. G. 8, 19, 3: cunctati aliquamdiu sunt: pudor deinde commovit aciem,

    Liv. 2, 10, 9; so id. 1, 16:

    quos aliquamdiu inermos timuissent, hos postea armatos superāssent,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40, 6:

    controversia aliquamdiu fuit: postremo, etc.,

    Liv. 3, 32, 7; 25, 15, 14; 45, 6, 6:

    ibi aliquamdiu atrox pugna stetit: tandem, etc.,

    Liv. 29, 2, 15; 34, 28, 4 and 11; Suet. Ner. 6.—
    * c.
    With donec, as a more definite limitation of time, some time... until, a considerable time... until:

    exanimis aliquamdiu jacuit, donec, etc.,

    Suet. Caes. 82. —
    d.
    Meton., for a long distance; most freq. of rivers:

    Rhodanus aliquamdiu Gallias dirimit,

    Mel. 2, 5, 5; so id. 3, 5, 6; 3, 9, 8 al.—Of the Corycian cave in Cilicia:

    deinde aliquamdiu perspicuus, mox, et quo magis subitur, obscurior,

    Mel. 1, 13.—
    2.
    Aliquam multi, or aliquammulti, somewhat many, considerable in number or quantity (mostly post-class.):

    sunt vestrūm aliquam multi, qui L. Pisonem cognōrunt,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 4, 25, § 56 B. and K.: aliquammultos non comparuisse, * Gell. 3, 10, 17 Hertz:

    aliquammultis diebus decumbo,

    App. Mag. p. 320, 10.—Also adv.: aliquam multum, something much, to a considerable distance, considerably:

    sed haec defensio, ut dixi, aliquam multum a me remota est,

    App. Mag. p. 276, 7 dub.—And comp. * aliquam plures, somewhat more, considerably more:

    aliquam pluribus et amarioribus perorantem,

    Tert. Apol. 12 dub.; cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 243.—
    D.
    ălĭquā, adv. (prop. abl. fem.).
    1.
    Somewhere (like mod. Engl. somewhere for somewhither):

    antevenito aliquā aliquos,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 66: aliquā evolare si posset, * Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26, § 67:

    si quā evasissent aliquā,

    Liv. 26, 27, 12.—
    2.
    Transf. to action, in some way or other, in some manner, = aliquo modo:

    aliquid aliquā sentire,

    Plaut. Merc. 2, 2, 62: evadere aliquā, Lucil. ap. Non. 293, 1:

    aliquid aliquā resciscere,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 1, 19, and 4, 1, 19: aliquā nocere, * Verg. E. 3, 15:

    aliquā obesse,

    App. Mag. p. 295, 17.—
    E.
    ălĭqui, adv. (prop. abl. = aliquo modo), in some way, somehow:

    Quamquam ego tibi videor stultus, gaudere me aliqui volo,

    Plaut. Truc. 5, 30 (but in this and like cases, aliqui may be treated as the abl. subst.; cf. supra, I. A.); cf. Hand, Turs. I. p. 242.
    ► The forms aliqua, neutr.
    plur., and aliquam, acc., and aliquā, abl., used adverbially, may also be referred to the adj. ălĭqui, ălĭqua, ălĭquod.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > aliquid

  • 2 contra

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin. —
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin. —
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra

  • 3 contra dicta

    contrā, adv. and prep. [stem con, i. e. cum, through a comparative form conter; cf.: alter, uter, inter, praeter, etc.; in abl. fem. form like the locative adverbs ea, qua, etc.; cf.: ultra, intra, extra, citra], orig., in comparison with; hence, over against, fronting, in front, opposite, in opposition to, against, contrary to, opposed to, etc.
    I.
    Adv. (referring to an opposed object often with the force of a preposition with ellipsis of a pronoun, = against it, against him, etc.).
    A.
    Local.
    1.
    Lit., of position in front of a person, place, or thing.
    a.
    With verb of being or position expressed or understood.
    (α).
    Referring to living beings, opposite, in face of, face to face, facing, in front of, fronting, confronting (not in Cic., Caes., or Sall.):

    feminam scelestam te, adstans contra, contuor,

    Plaut. Pers. 2, 2, 26:

    ut confidenter mihi contra adstitit,

    id. Capt. 3, 5, 6; Lucr. 4, 223; 6, 929:

    signum contra, quoad longissume oculi ferebant, animo finivit,

    Liv. 1, 18, 8:

    stat contra starique jubet,

    Juv. 3, 290:

    stat contra dicitque tibi tua pagina Fures!

    Mart. 1, 55, 12:

    ulmus erat contra,

    in front of her, Ov. M. 14, 661:

    templa vides contra,

    in front (of us), id. ib. 7, 587.—Of position in front of the enemy:

    contra conserta manu,

    Plaut. Mil. 1, 1, 3: contra consistere, to make front against them, Caes. B. G. 2, 17.—
    (β).
    Referring to things and places, over against (it), opposite (to it), on the opposite side (mostly post-Aug.):

    contra jacet Cancer patulam distentus in alvum,

    Manil. 2, 253:

    posita contra Hispania,

    Tac. Agr. 11:

    promuntorium quod contra procedit,

    Plin. 4, 2, 3, § 6: relinquendae autem contra erunt vacuae tabellae, on the opposite side, i. e. of the leaf, Quint. 10, 3, 32: illo quaerente cur non decidant contra siti, the antipodes (cf. Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123; v. II. A. 1. c. a), Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161.—With the governing verb understood:

    arguam hanc vidisse apud te contra conservum meum,

    face to face, Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 91:

    jam omnia contra circaque hostium plena erant, Liv 5, 37, 8: eadem verba contra (i. e. ponuntur),

    side by side, Quint. 9, 3, 36; Verg. A. 6, 23.—
    b.
    With verbs of motion, so as to be opposite to an object or face to face with a person, variously rendered.
    (α).
    Referring to persons:

    accede ad me atque adi contra,

    come right up to me, Plaut. Rud. 1, 4, 23; id. Bacch. 3, 6, 6: hostes crebri cadunt; nostri contra ingruunt, advance to their front (in Plaut. hostility is not implied in contra), id. Am. 1, 1, 84: quis nos pater aut cognatu' volet contra tueri, face to face, eye to eye, Enn. ap. Varr. L. L. 7, § 12 Mull. (Trag. Rel. v. 444 Rib.); Att. ap. Macr. S. 6, 1, 55 (Trag. Rel. v. 538 ib.):

    adspicedum contra me = contra adspice me,

    Plaut. Most. 5, 1, 56 Lorenz ad lec.:

    contra adspicere,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45:

    contra intueri,

    Liv. 1, 16, 6; 9, 6, 8; Sen. Q. N. 1, 3, 6:

    cum veniret contra Marcianus,

    Quint. 6, 3, 95; Plin. 9, 46, 70, § 152.—
    (β).
    Of things:

    hic ubi sol radiis... Adversa fulsit nimborum aspergine contra,

    Lucr. 6, 525; Cels. 8, 8, 1:

    quam (turrim) promoti contra validi asseres... perfregere,

    Tac. H. 4, 30.—Reciprocally: oscula non pervenientia contra, not coming through (the wall) so as to meet, Ov. M. 4, 80.—
    2.
    Transf. to equivalents of weight, value, and price; so,
    (α).
    In Plaut. only in the colloq. phrases auro contra, aurichalco contra, and contra auro (sc. posito); lit., for gold placed against; cf.:

    aes contrarium, s. v. contrarius: (servus) non carus'st auro contra,

    at his weight in gold, Plaut. Ep. 3, 3, 30: jam auro contra constat filius, id. Truc. 2, 6, 57 (Speng. aurichalco): auro contra cedo modestum amatorem! A me aurum accipe. Pa. Cedo mihi contra aurichalco quoi ego sano serviam, id. Curc. 1, 3, 45 sq.; id. Mil. 3, 1, 63; 4, 2, 85; id. Ps. 2, 3, 23.—
    (β).
    In post-Aug. prose (very rare):

    at si aquae et ejus rei quam contra pensabis par pondus erit, nec pessum ibit, nec exstabit, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    3.
    Of reciprocal actions, = vicissim, in turn, in return, back, on my, his, etc., part, likewise, counter-.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    te ut deludam contra, lusorem meum,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 71:

    quae me amat, quam ego contra amo,

    id. Merc. 5. 2, 77; id. Cist. 1, 1, 96; id. Trin. 4, 2, 55; id. As. 2, 2, 110:

    qui arguat se, eum contra vincat jurejurando suo,

    make a victorious counter-charge, id. Mil. 2, 2, 37:

    si laudabit haec Illius formam, tu hujus contra (i. e. lauda),

    Ter. Eun. 3, 1, 54:

    audi nunc contra jam,

    listen in turn, id. Phorm. 4, 4, 18; id. Ad. 5, 4, 23:

    at tu mihi contra nunc videre fortunatus, Phaedria, Cui, etc.,

    you likewise seem fortunate to me, id. Phorm. 1, 3, 21:

    Mettius Tullo gratulatur, contra Tullus Mettium benigne alloquitur,

    Liv. 1, 28, 1:

    contra ut me diligat illa,

    Cat. 76. 23; Hor. S. 1, 3, 27 Orell. ad loc.—Hence, with ellipsis of inquit, = respondit:

    cui latrans contra senex,

    Phaedr. 5, 10, 7:

    scietis, inquam, etc., contra Nigrinus: ad quem missi sunt? ego, etc.,

    Plin. Ep. 7, 6, 4.—

    Rarely with inquit, etc., expressed: at ille contra, renidens, Audi, inquit, discipule, etc.,

    Gell. 15, 9, 9; cf.:

    contra talia reddit,

    Claud. B. Gild. 379.—
    (β).
    With dat. pers.:

    consulo quem dolum doloso contra conservo parem,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 2, 45:

    facere contra huic aegre,

    Ter. Eun. 4, 1, 10:

    hiscine contra insidiabere?

    id. Hec. 1. 1, 13:

    tibi contra gratiam Referre,

    id. ib. 4, 2, 7.—
    (γ).
    With item:

    item a me contra factum est,

    Plaut. Aul. prol. 20:

    puellam senex Amat et item contra filius,

    id. Cas. prol. 49; id. Pers. 5, 2, 36; id. Am. 1, 1, 67; Ter. Ad. 1, 1, 25.—
    (δ).
    Combining a reciprocal with a local relation (A. 1. a. a, and b. a): contra carinantes verba, exchanging abusive words ( face to face), Enn. ap. Serv. ad Verg. A. 8, 361 (Ann. v. 181 Vahl.): tubae utrimque contra canunt;

    Consonat terra,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 73; 1, 1, 86:

    confer gradum Contra pariter,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 18; id. Truc. 1, 2, 28:

    video amicam... Ubi contra adspexit me, etc.,

    id. Mil. 2, 1, 45; Verg. E. 7, 8; cf. Lucr. 4, 243:

    vesper adest, juvenes consurgite!... Cernitis, innuptae, juvenes? consurgite contra!

    Cat. 62, 6.—
    (ε).
    Implying also opposition: Pe. Conpellabo. Ph. Orationis aciem contra conferam, Plaut. Ep. 4, 1, 20:

    si scias quod donum huic dono contra comparet,

    what counter gift, Ter. Eun. 2, 3, 63: quod Scipio postulavit... ut, etc. Et quod contra collega postulavit ne, etc., Annal. Trib. Pleb. ap. Gell. 7 (6), 19, 5:

    si vobis aequa et honesta postulatio videtur, ego contra brevem postulationem adfero,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 2, 7; Nep. Epam. 6, 1;

    Auct. B. Alex. 24: illo licente contra liceri audeat nemo,

    to bid in opposition, Caes. B. G. 1, 18; Liv. 4, 53, 6:

    agedum pauca accipe contra,

    Hor. S. 1, 4, 38.—So in battle:

    Numidae... Romanorum ordines conturbare... neque contra feriundi copia erat,

    Sall. J. 50, 4; and in law: et ab eo is qui adoptat vindicat... et illo contra non vindicante, etc., Gai Inst. 1, 134; 2, 24.—Esp. in replies:

    oratio contra a Demosthene pro Ctesiphonte edita,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 56, 213:

    dicit accusator haec: primum, etc.... quid contra reus?

    id. Clu. 30, 81; id. Fin. 5, 22, 63; Curt. 4, 1, 10; 7, 9, 1.
    B.
    Of opposition, strife, etc., against; constr. absol., with dat., and ne, quominus or quin.
    1.
    Of physical exertion.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    concurrunt... aetheriae nubes contra pugnantibu' ventis,

    struggling against each other, Lucr. 6. 98:

    nec nos obniti contra... Sufficimus,

    bear up, battle against, Verg. A. 5, 21; Ov. M. 9, 50; 2, 434:

    at ille contra nititur,

    resists, Plin. 2, 38, 38, § 103; 7, 20, 19, § 82:

    pars remigum, tamquam imperitia... officia nautarum impediebant. Mox contra tendere,

    rowed in an opposite direction, Tac. H. 4, 16.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    te rogo ne contrahas ac demittas animum, neque te obrui tamquam fluctu... sinas, contraque erigas ac resistas,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 4:

    et torrens judicem vel nitentem contra feret, cogatque ire qua rapiet,

    Quint. 12, 10, 61.— With ne: vi contra niti, ne advorsus eum fiat, Cato ap. Gell. 7 (6), 3, 16.—With quominus, Lucr. 1, 780.—
    2.
    Of mental exertion:

    si tibi vera videntur, Dede manus, aut, si falsum est, accingere contra,

    arm yourself against them, Lucr. 2, 1043; 2, 280. —With dat.:

    siti contra... pugnandum,

    Cels. 4, 2 fin. —
    3.
    Of hostile opposition in gen.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quod animadversum est in eo qui contra omni ratione pugnarunt, non debeo reprehendere,

    who made opposition in every way, Cic. Rosc. Am. 47, 137; id. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107:

    contra etiam aliquid abs te profectum ex multis audivi,

    something inimical, id. Fam. 5, 5, 2.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    aut alio quovis (sc. colore) qui contra pugnet et obstet,

    Lucr. 2, 794; 2, 868.—
    4.
    Of warfare.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    ut eos adversarios existimemus qui arma contra ferant,

    Cic. Off. 1, 25, 87; 1, 12, 37; Vell. 2, 28, 4; cf.:

    quid quod exercitum contra duxit?

    Auct. Her. 4, 16, 23:

    ut si qua ex parte obviam contra veniretur, acie instructa depugnarent,

    if they should be attacked by an open charge, Caes. B. G. 7, 28:

    issentque confestim ad urbem ni venire contra exercitum... audissent,

    Liv. 7, 39, 17:

    cum Romanae legiones contra direxerint,

    would oppose their march, Tac. H. 4, 58; id. A. 6, 44.—With dat.:

    et huic contra itum ad amnem Erinden,

    Tac. A. 11, 10.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    quod ubi viderunt corvi, contra auxiliantur, velut adversus communem hostem,

    Plin. 10, 74, 95, § 205.—
    5.
    Of legal contests.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a.—
    (β).
    Venire contra, of any legal act with the intention to hurt the adversary:

    quid? si omnium mortalium Sthenio nemo inimicior quam hic C. Claudius... fuit? si de litteris corruptis contra venit, etc.?

    if he made a charge of forgery against him? Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 43, § 107; cf. II. B. c. b.—
    (γ).
    On the part of the adversary:

    inveniendum contra est, quo distet haec causa a ceteris,

    Quint. 5, 10, 114; 9, 2, 35; 12, 8, 10.—
    (δ).
    Of judgments against the parties or against opinions:

    ne spoliaret fama probatum hominem si contra judicasset,

    given an adverse decision, Cic. Off. 3, 19, 77; cf. Val. Max. 7, 2, 4; Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—
    6.
    Of literary opposition.
    (α).
    Mostly with verbs of saying; v. 9. a. g.—
    (β).
    With other verbs:

    astrologorum artem contra convincere tendit,

    Lucr. 5, 728:

    contra nunc illud pone, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 14, 6:

    habeat (liber meus) etiam quosdam qui contra sentiant et adversentur,

    some dissentients and opponents, Quint. 3, 1, 5; 2, 17, 40; 3, 8, 69.—
    7.
    Of public and political opposition.
    (α).
    With verbs of saying; v. 9. a. d.—
    (β).
    With petere, to be a candidate for office in opposition to another:

    nihil enim supererat de quo certarent, nihil quod contra peterent,

    no office was left for which to canvass against each other, Cic. Agr. 2, 33, 91:

    honores contra petere,

    Quint. 6, 1, 17.—With ire, with dat., of an opposing vote in the senate (cf.:

    pedibus ire): sententia Cassii ut nemo unus contra ire ausus est, ita dissonae voces respondebant,

    Tac. A. 14, 45.—
    8.
    Of violation of law, contracts, etc.: contra facere, or contra committere, to violate, transgress a law, etc.: leges esse non ex ejus qui contra commiserit utilitate, spectari oportere, not in the interest of the transgressor, Cic. Inv. 2, 48, 153:

    si quis sub hoc pacto vendiderit ancillam ne prostitueretur, et si contra factum esset,

    and if the contract was violated, Dig. 18, 1, 56.—
    9.
    With verbs of saying, etc., contra dicere; less freq. disputare, disserere, pugnare, in the sense of dicere, and contra scribere (often contradico, in one word, in post-Aug. writers; esp. with dat.).
    a.
    Absol.
    (α).
    Contra dicere, to speak as counsel of the adversary, to plead his cause, in legal proceedings:

    cum contra dicturus Hortensius esset,

    would speak on the other side, Cic. Quint. 24, 77:

    hoc... contra dicente Cotta judicatum est,

    id. Caecin. 33, 97:

    dixisse ut contra nemo videretur,

    id. Brut. 53, 198: ut contra Crassus... exorsus est, began on the other side, id. ib. § 197.—Hence: qui contra dicit, the adversary or counsel of the adversary:

    contra autem qui dicet, similitudinem infirmare debebit,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 50, 151; id. Part. Or. 21, 108.—In the same sense: agens contra: si nos... impares agentium contra ingeniis dixerimus, that we are unequal to the talents of our adversary's counsel, [p. 453] Quint. 4, 1, 8.—
    (β).
    To make charges against (rare):

    si qui contra vellet dicere, usurum esse eum suo testimonio,

    Cic. Clu. 48, 134:

    qua ratione nemo neque tum item fecerit, neque nunc contra dicat,

    id. Quint. 29, 88; so,

    contra disputare, of objections to or against a witness: nihil contra disputabo priusquam dixerit,

    id. Fl. 21, 51.—
    (γ).
    In gen., to speak on the other side of a question:

    fiebat autem ita, ut cum is qui audire vellet dixisset quid sibi videretur, tum ego contra dicerem,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; id. Fin. 2, 1, 2; so,

    contra disputare and contra scribere,

    id. Or. 1, 19, 85; Vitr. 3, 1, 6; Quint. 2, 17, 13; Dig. 9, 2, 21, § 1.—Hence: qui contra dicunt or disputant, the opponents:

    nec qui contra dicunt causam difficilem repellunt,

    Cic. Fin. 3, 1, 2:

    ad coarguendos qui contra disputant,

    to refule his opponents, Quint. 2, 15, 26.—
    (δ).
    To oppose or object to a proposition, motion, or petition:

    quam palam principes dixerunt contra!

    protested against it, Cic. Verr. 2, 5, 16, § 41; Caes. B. C. 1, 32; Cic. Clu. 47, 130.—With pugnare:

    cum decerneretur frequenti senatu, contra pugnante Pisone, etc.,

    Cic. Att. 1, 14, 5:

    filius ejus incolumitatem optat: contradicit pater,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 85; 9, 2, 83; Plin. ap. Gell. 9, 16, 5; Cic. Dom. 33, 87:

    contradicente nullo,

    Suet. Caes. 20; Dig. 3, 3, 15.—
    (ε).
    To reply:

    contradixit edicto,

    answered by an edict, Suet. Aug. 56. —
    (ζ).
    Abl. absol. impers.:

    explorandum videtur an etiam contradicto aliquando judicio consuetudo firmata sit,

    whether the custom has been confirmed by judgment upon a judicial contest, Dig. 1, 3, 34.—
    b.
    With acc. neutr. pron., to object, to make or raise an objection, to reply; esp. in legal proceedings:

    ego enim, te disputante, quid contra dicerem meditabar,

    Cic. N. D. 3, 1, 1:

    ut contra si quid dicere velit non audiatur,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27:

    aiebat illum primo sane diu multa contra (i. e. dixisse), ad extremum autem, etc.,

    id. Att. 2, 22, 2.— Hence: quod contra dicitur, or quae contra dicuntur, the objections:

    ut et id quod intenderemus confirmare, et id quod contra diceretur refellere (possemus),

    refute the objections, Cic. de Or. 1, 20, 90:

    quia neque reprehendi quae contra dicuntur possunt, etc.,

    id. ib. 2, 81, 331; id. Inv. 2, 44, 127; Quint. 1, 2, 17.—In the same sense, as subst.: contrā dicta, orum, n. plur.:

    seu proposita confirmamus, sive contra dicta dissolvimus,

    or refute the objections, Quint. 4, prooem. 6.—With acc. and inf.:

    dicitur contra, nullum esse testamentum,

    the objection is made that there is no testament, Cic. Agr. 2, 6, 42.—
    c.
    With dat., written in one word (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    To oppose a person by speaking against his views:

    solitum se etiam Thraseae contradicere,

    to oppose even Thrasea, Tac. H. 2, 91:

    tibi,

    Suet. Aug. 54:

    Curioni...,

    id. Rhet. 1. —Hence of answers and replies in law: quid si filium testatoris heres ejus prohibuit? Huic contradici potest: ergo pietatis, etc., he may be answered by this plea, etc., Dig. 11, 7, 14, § 13.—And of advisory answers opposed to one's legal views:

    volenti mihi ream adulterii postulare eam, etc., contradictum est,

    my views were disapproved, rejected, Dig. 48, 5, 11, § 10.—
    (β).
    To oppose an opinion, with dat. of the thing:

    cum plures tantum sententiis aliorum contradicerent,

    opposed the opinions, Tac. H. 1, 39.—
    (γ).
    To object to a motion or petition, with dat. of the petitioner:

    patrem qui damnavit optat ne is torqueatur: pater ei contradicit,

    the father objects, Quint. 9, 2, 81:

    cum ambienti ut legibus solveretur multi contradicerent,

    Suet. Caes. 18; Dig. 40, 5, 14; 40, 12, 33.—
    (δ).
    With dat. of the petition:

    preces erant, sed quibus contradici non posset,

    which could not be denied, Tac. H. 4, 46 fin.; Dig. 3, 1, 1, § 2.—
    (ε).
    To contest the validity of a law (rare):

    quibus (legibus) contradici potest,

    Quint. 7, 7, 4.—
    (ζ).
    To contradict an assertion (very rare):

    pro certis autem habemus... cuicunque adversarius non contradicit,

    Quint. 5, 10, 13.—
    d.
    With quin, to object:

    praetor Samnitibus respondit... nec contra dici quin amicitia de integro reconcilietur,

    there was no objection to a reconciliation, Liv. 8, 2, 2.
    C.
    To one's disadvantage; mostly predic. with esse, unfavorable, adverse, damaging (post-Aug.;

    but cf. II. B. 2.): ut eum qui responsurus est vel tacere, vel etiam invitum id quod sit contra cogat fateri,

    Quint. 7, 3, 14:

    cum verba (legis) contra sint,

    id. 7, 1, 49:

    sed experimentum contra fuit,

    unsuccessful, Tac. H. 2, 97 fin.:

    ubi fortuna contra fuit,

    id. ib. 3, 18:

    si fortuna contra daret,

    should be unfavorable, id. ib. 1, 65 fin.; id. A. 15, 13.
    D.
    Of logical opposition, with negative force.
    1.
    Of a direct contrast.
    a.
    Predicatively, with esse, fieri, etc., the contrary, the opposite:

    quod fieri totum contra manifesta docet res,

    but experience teaches that just the contrary is true, Lucr. 3, 686; 4, 1088:

    in stultitia contra est,

    with fools the reverse is true, Cic. Clu. 31, 84:

    in hac quidem re vereor ne etiam contra (i. e. sit),

    id. Att. 12, 46; id. Off. 1, 15, 49:

    quod contra est,

    Sall. J. 85, 21:

    quis non credat, etc.? Contra autem est,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 12; id. Ep. 7, 3; Dig. 37, 4, 4:

    contra fore si, etc.,

    ib. 34, 2, 39, § 2:

    immo forsitan et contra (i. e. erit),

    ib. 41, 3, 49:

    ego contra puto (i. e. esse),

    Plin. Ep. 1, 20, 7; Lampr. Alex. Sev. 25.—
    b.
    With evenire, accidere, sentire, scribere, habere, etc.:

    utrumque contra accidit: istic enim bellum est exortum, hic pax consecuta,

    of both the contrary has happened, Cic. Fam. 12, 18, 2; so Dig. 38, 2, 51:

    id ego contra puto (sc.: faciendum esse),

    id. Att. 10, 8, 2:

    contra evenit in iis morbis,

    Sen. Ep. 52, 7; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 163:

    ego contra sentio,

    Sen. Clem. 1, 15, 5; Sedig. ap. Gell. 15, 24, 4; Dig. 40, 2, 25:

    Proculus contra (sc. sentit),

    ib. 35, 2, 1, § 14; 33, 7, 25:

    licet Celsus contra scribat,

    ib. 9, 2, 21, § 1: contra probatur, Gai Inst. 2, 78; Dig. 33, 7, 12, § 34.—Very rarely referring to a term in the same clause:

    cujus disparem mitioremque naturam contra interpretabatur,

    interpreted in an opposite sense, misinterpreted, misunderstood, Tac. H. 4, 86 fin. —
    c.
    Referring to a word or phrase in the same predicate.
    (α).
    To an adverb, in an opposite manner, otherwise, differently, not, etc.:

    nam ad summam totius rei pertinet, caute an contra demonstrata res sit,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 81, 330: quod viriliter animoque fit, id, etc.;

    quod contra, id turpe,

    id. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    sit sapienter usus aut contra,

    Quint. 2, 5, 15:

    lactuca locis apricis optume autumno ponitur, mediterraneis aut frigidis contra ( = pessime),

    Col. 11, 3, 25.—
    (β).
    To a predicative adjective, not, the opposite, the reverse, etc.:

    ut aliae (res) probabiles videantur aliae contra,

    improbable, Cic. Ac. 2, 32, 103; id. Off. 2, 2, 7:

    quid est quod me impediat ea quae probabilia mihi videantur sequi, quae contra, improbare,

    id. ib. 2, 2, 8; id. Or. 2, 31, 135; Quint. 4, 2, 52.—
    (γ).
    To a verbal predicate:

    an frater fratri exsistat heres, an contra ( = annon),

    Dig. 34, 5, 19.—
    (δ).
    To a subject infinitive:

    laudare testem vel contra pertinet ad momentum judiciorum,

    praising or censuring a witness, Quint. 3, 7, 2.—
    (ε).
    To a clause, translated by not or by a repetition of the clause with a negative:

    quae secundum naturam essent, ea sumenda et quadam aestimatione dignanda docebat, contraque contraria,

    those that were not, not, Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 36: quod cuidam aut sapiens videor quod una non jerim, aut felix fuisse;

    mihi contra,

    id. Att. 9, 12, 4: an credibile est, incestum cum filia commissum? Et contra, veneficum in noverca, adulterum in luxurioso? and incredible, etc., Quint. 5, 10, 19; so Dig. 9, 1, 2, § 1.—
    (ζ).
    To an attributive genitive:

    Marius cognoscere quid boni utrisque or contra esset (i. e. mali),

    Sall. J. 88, 2:

    verum de origine laudis contraque perspiciemus suo tempore (i. e. vituperationis),

    Quint. 2, 4, 21:

    alii a propositione accusatoris contraque loci oriuntur,

    the accuser and the accused, id. 7, 2, 31;

    so in several titles of the Digests, as Depositi vel contra, = actio depositi, vel contraria actio depositarii,

    Dig. 16, 3 tit.; so ib. 16, 17, 1; 16, 13, 6; 16, 13, 7.—
    2.
    Reversing the relation of terms in the preceding sentence, the reverse, conversely, vice versa, etc.
    a.
    With its own predicate: saepe... corpus aegret, Cum tamen ex alia laetamur parte latenti;

    Et retro fit uti contra sit saepe vicissim, Cum miser ex animo laetatur corpore toto,

    Lucr. 3, 108: illa altera argumentatio, quasi retro et contra, prius sumit, etc., ( proceeding), so to speak, backward and in inverted order, Cic. Part. Or. 13, 46: neque illud ignoro, etc.; sed non idem accidit contra, but the converse is not true, Quint. 8, 6, 3; Gell. 4, 2, 5: ut vocabula verbis, verba rursus adverbiis, nomina appositis et pronominibus essent priora. Nam fit contra quoque frequenter non indecore. for often, not inelegantly, the order is reversed, Quint. 9, 4, 24:

    quae etiam contra valent,

    i. e. if the terms are reversed, id. 3, 7, 25; 9, 2, 49; 8, 6, 25; 9, 4, 72.—
    b.
    Belonging to the same predicate:

    ut quidque erit dicendum ita dicet, nec satura jejune, nec grandia minute, nec item contra,

    Cic. Or. 36, 123:

    cum emtor venditori, vel contra, heres exstitit,

    Dig. 35, 2, 48:

    in quibus patrium pro possessivo dicitur, vel contra,

    Quint. 1, 5, 45; 5, 10, 71:

    junguntur autem aut ex nostro et peregrino, ut biclinium, aut contra, ut epitogium et Anticato,

    id. 1, 5, 68:

    ut capras in montosis potius locis quam in herbidis (pascar), equas contra,

    but with mares the reverse is the case, Varr. R. R. 2, 1, 16:

    itaque ille dicere melius quam praecipere, nos contra fortasse possumus,

    Cic. Or. 42, 143:

    qua collegi solent ex his quae faciunt ea quae faciuntur, aut contra,

    or vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 80; Dig. 14, 1, 1, § 12; 48, 5, 23, § 4.
    E.
    In logical antithesis of clauses with a merely rhet. force, on the contrary, on the other hand, vice versa; sometimes almost = sed or autem (freq.).
    1.
    In independent clauses.
    a.
    Opposing persons or parties: fortunam insanam esse... perhibent philosophi... Sunt autem alii philosophi qui contra Fortunam negant ullam exstare, Pac. ap. Auct. Her. 2, 23, 36 (Trag. Rel. v. 372 Rib.); Caecil. ap. Cic. Tusc. 4, 32, 68; Varr. R. R. 1, 8, 1:

    ego etiam quae tu sine Verre commisisti Verri crimini daturus sum... Tu, contra, ne quae ille quidem fecit, obicies,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11, 35:

    ego contra ostendo, non modo nihil fecisse Sex. Roscium, sed, etc.,

    id. Rosc. Am. 29, 79; id. Phil. 8, 3, 8; id. Off. 1, 30, 108; id. Fin. 5, 22, 62:

    in Italia bellum gerimus, in sede ac solo nostro... Hannibal contra in aliena, in hostili est terra,

    Liv. 22, 39, 13; 21, 50, 2; 3, 15, 2; 6, 7, 4; 9, 35, 4 et saep.; Nep. Alcib. 8, 1; Vell. 2, 31, 4; Sen. Ep. 9, 14; id. Ira, 2, 33, 6; Plin. 35, 10, 37, § 113; Tac. H. 3, 84; 3, 57; Suet. Tib. 2; id. Vit. 2; Just. 2, 1, 10; 8, 4, 11:

    contra mercator, navim jactantibus austris Militia est potior?

    Hor. S. 1, 1, 6; 1, 2, 30; 1, 3, 27; Prop. 2, 1, 45; 2, 23, 13 (3, 17, 3); Sen. Hippol. 214;

    so with versa vice: barbarae gentes (Alexandrum) non ut hostem, sed ut parentem luxerunt... Contra Macedones versa vice non ut civem, sed ut hostem amissum gaudebant,

    Just. 13, 1, 7.—
    b.
    Introducing a secondary or parallel opposition of thought: in loco umidiore far potius serunt quam triticum;

    contra in aridiore hordeum potius quam far,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 9, 4; 1, 1, 47: si nihil esset quod inane vocaret, Omne foret solidum;

    nisi contra corpora certe Essent, etc., Omne quod est spatium vacuum constaret inane,

    Lucr. 1, 521; 4, 348; cf.:

    justa omnia decora sunt, injusta contra, ut turpia, sic indecora,

    Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94; id. N. D. 2, 15, 41; id. de Or. 3, 33, 136; id. Quint. 30, 93: id. Off. 3, 21, 84; id. Leg. 2, 1, 2: facilem esse rem... si modo unum omnes sentiant; contra in dissensione nullam se salutem perspicere, Caes. B. G, 5, 31; Liv. 25, 30, 3; Sen. Ben. 1, 5, 2; Plin. 12, 19, 42, § 92; 11, 14, 14, § 35; Suet. Caes. 73; Gell. 1, 4, 5:

    si male rem gerere insani est, contra bene, sani,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 74.—
    2.
    In opposition to a dependent clause:

    ut hi miseri, sic contra illi beati quos, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 6, 16; so id. de Or. 1, 45, 198; Quint. 9, 3, 39:

    cui ego rei tantum abest ut impedimento sim, ut contra te M. Manli adhorter, etc.,

    Liv. 6, 15, 5; 6, 31, 4:

    cum virtus adeo neminem spe ac pollicitatione corrumpat, ut contra in se inpendere jubeat, ac, etc.,

    Sen. Ben. 4, 1, 2: aut igitur negemus quidquam ratione confici, cum contra nihil sine ratione recte fieri possit, aut, etc., whereas on the contrary, etc., Cic. Tusc. 4, 38, 84; cf.:

    at contra,

    Lucr. 2, 392.—
    3.
    With co-ordinate conjunctions.
    a.
    Copulative, et contra or contraque (never with ac or atque); also nec contra (rare), and on the other hand.
    (α).
    With reference to a reason or conclusion, after nam, enim, cum, or itaque: nam et ratione uti... omnique in re quid sit veri videre et tueri decet, contraque falli [p. 454]... tam dedecet quam, etc., Cic. Off. 1, 27, 94:

    malus est enim custos... metus, contraque benevolentia fidelis,

    id. ib. 2, 7, 23:

    cum reficiat animos varietas ipsa, contraque sit aliquanto difficilius in labore uno perseverare,

    Quint. 1, 12, 4; 3, 8, 32; 8, 6, 20:

    itaque in probris maxime in promptu est, si quid tale dici potest, etc. Contraque in laudibus, etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 18, 61; cf. Suet. Calig. 51; so with nec:

    nam nec comoedia cothurnis assurgit, nec contra tragoedia socculo ingreditur,

    Quint. 10, 2, 22.—
    (β).
    With contrasted examples or illustrations, often after ut or sic:

    audivi ex majoribus natu, hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasica, contraque patrem ejus... nullam comitatem habuisse sermonis,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    ut suspitionibus credi oportere, et contra suspitionibus credi non oportere,

    id. Inv. 2, 15, 48; Quint. 8, 4, 1; 5, 10, 48; 9, 3, 7; 9, 4, 52; 11, 1, 14; Sen. Ep. 82, 14; Dig. 17, 1, 22, § 4.—
    (γ).
    With contrasted actions, assumptions, etc.:

    atque utinam qui ubique sunt propugnatores hujus imperii possent in hanc civitatem venire, et contra oppugnatores rei publicae de civitate exterminari!

    Cic. Balb. 22, 51:

    domo pignori data, et area ejus tenebitur... et contra jus soli sequitur aedificium,

    Dig. 13, 7, 21:

    equo et asina genitos mares, hinnos antiqui vocabant: contraque mulos quos asini et equae generassent,

    Plin. 8, 44, 69, § 17: ceterum potest ex lege quidem esse judicium, sed legitimum non esse, et contra ex lege non esse, sed legitimum esse, Gai Inst. 4, 109; Plin. 2, 65, 65, § 161; 35, 15, 5, § 183.—
    (δ).
    After a negative clause, affirming the opposite idea, et contra or contraque, but on the contrary:

    in quo (consulatu) ego imperavi nihil, et contra patribus conscriptis et bonis omnibus parui,

    Cic. Sull. 7, 21:

    nunc vero cum ne pulsus quidem ita sim ut superare non possim, contraque a populo Romano semper sim defensus, etc.,

    id. Dom. 33, 88; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Marcell. 6, 20; so,

    et contra,

    Suet. Tit. 7.—
    b.
    With adversative conjunctions, at contra, sed contra, contra autem, contra vero (not verum contra, nor contra tamen).
    (α).
    At contra (freq.), merely a strengthened contra (v. 1. supra): huc accedit uti mellis lactisque liquores Jucundo sensu linguae tractentur in ore;

    At contra taetri absinthi natura... foedo pertorqueat ora sapore,

    Lucr. 2, 400:

    cogunt,

    id. 2, 74; 1, 366; 2, 235 et saep.: nos qui domi sumus, tibi beati videmur;

    at contra nobis tu quidem... prae nobis beatus,

    Cic. Fam. 4, 4, 2; id. Tusc. 1, 3, 5; id. Rosc. Am. 45, 131; id. Verr. 2, 5, 26, § 66; Sall. J. 36, 2; 4, 7; 15, 3; id. C. 12, 5:

    ideo siccas aiunt Aethiopiae solitudines... At contra constat Germaniam abundare rivis,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 6, 2; 1, 3, 1; id. Ep. 100, 7; Plin. 7, 53, 54, § 186; Suet. Galb. 15; Tac. A. 4, 28.—
    (β).
    Sed contra, after a negative sentence (class.):

    non quo acui ingenia adulescentium nollem, sed contra ingenia obtundi nolui,

    Cic. de Or. 3, 24, 93; id. Att. 9, 15, 3; id. Ac. 1, 10, 35; id. Fl. 11, 26:

    arma populi Romani non liberis servitutem, sed contra servientibus libertatem adferre,

    Liv. 45, 18, 1:

    tu ne cede malis, sed contra audentior ito,

    Verg. A. 6, 95; Plin. Ep. 1, 10, 12.—PostAug. also without a preceding negation:

    obiisse nostro Laium scelere autumant superi inferique: sed animus contra innocens... negat,

    Sen. Oedip. 765; Symm. Ep. 6, 81.—
    (γ).
    Contra autem (rare;

    in Cic. only where different subjects have contrasted predicates in dependent clauses): quia pacis est insigne toga, contra autem arma tumultus atque belli,

    Cic. Pis. 30, 73.—In later writers = contra alone:

    sub septemtrione aedificia... conversa ad calidas partes oportere fieri videntur. Contra autem sub impetu solis meridiani regionibus conversa ad septemtrionem... sunt facienda,

    Vitr. 6, 1, 2; Gell. 14, 2, 19; Dig. 7, 1, 25, § 3; 34, 3, 25.—
    (δ).
    Contra vero (very rare;

    not in Cic.), used for contra: contra vero quercus infinitam habet aeternitatem,

    Vitr. 2, 9, 8; 6, 1, 3; Cels. 3, 6 fin. —
    (ε).
    Atqui contra, App. Mag. p. 287, 24.—
    c.
    With disjunctive conjunctions, aut contra, vel contra, seu contra, or on the contrary, or conversely (always without change of subject).
    (α).
    Aut contra:

    num aut scriptum neget, aut contra factum infitietur?

    Cic. Part. Or. 38, 133: quae (mens) aut languescit... aut contra tumescit, etc., Quint. 1, 2, 18:

    si imbres defuere, aut contra abundavere,

    Plin. 17, 24, 37, § 228.—
    (β).
    Vel contra:

    hinc enim quaestiones oriuntur: Injuriam fecisti, sed quia magistratus, majestatis actio est? Vel contra: Licuit... quia magistratus?

    Quint. 5, 10, 40; 9, 4, 96; Suet. Galb. 3; Dig. 35, 2, 56, § 4; 8, 4, 6.—
    (γ).
    Seu contra:

    seu tristis veniam, seu contra laetus amicis,

    Prop. 1, 11, 25.—
    d.
    With causal conjunctions, nam contra (very rare;

    never contra enim): falso queritur de natura sua genus humanum quod, etc. Nam contra, reputando, neque majus aliud, neque praestabilius invenies,

    Sall. J. 1, 1; Quint. 1, 1, 1; 9, 2, 23. —
    4.
    In late Lat., e contra (also one word, ēcontrā) = contra,
    (α).
    In the meaning, the contrary (D. 1.):

    aliis vero econtra videtur,

    Hier. Ep. 12.—
    (β).
    Et econtra = et contra (E. 3. a.):

    honestiorum provectu et econtra suppliciis,

    Aur. Vict. Caes. 39, 45.—For quod contra, v. II. E. 1. c.—
    5.
    With emphatic particles.
    a.
    Quin contra, nay on the contrary, opposing an affirmative sentence to a preceding negative statement (quin etiam amplifies without opposition; sed contra opposes without amplification; quin contra both opposes and amplifies);

    not before Livy: num qui enim socordius rempublicam administrari post Calvi tribunatum... quam? etc. Quin contra patricios aliquot damnatos... neminem plebeium,

    Liv. 6, 37, 8; 31, 31, 9; 35, 26, 10; 37, 15, 3.—
    b.
    Immo contra (post-Aug.).
    (α).
    = no, on the contrary, refuting opinions, after questions and in the form of a dialogue:

    existimas nunc me detrahere tibi multas voluptates?... Immo contra, nolo tibi umquam deesse laetitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 23, 3; Dig. 33, 7, 5; 33, 7, 29.—
    (β).
    = sed contra, but on the contrary:

    proinde ne submiseris te, immo contra fige stabilem gradum,

    Sen. Cons. Marc. 5, 6; id. Cons. Polyb. 15, 2; cf. prep.:

    immo contra ea,

    Liv. 41, 24, 8; cf. II. E. 1. b. infra.—
    c.
    Item contra = an emphatic et contra (very rare):

    quoniam... beate vivere alii in alio, vos in voluptate ponitis, item contra miseriam in dolore, etc.,

    Cic. Fin. 2, 27, 86; cf. I. A. 3. g supra.
    F.
    With a comparative clause introduced by ac, atque, or quam, representing a logical or moral opposition (contra atque debuit = non ita ut debuit; cf. Cic. Or. 3, 19, 70); cf. prep., II. C. 3. g, and II. E. 2. infra.
    1.
    Of logical opposition, contrary to, different from, otherwise than; in the best prose only with atque or ac.
    (α).
    With atque:

    item, contra atque apud nos, fieri ad Elephantinem ut neque ficus neque vites amittant folia,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 7, 6:

    simulacrum Jovis, contra atque ante fuerat, ad orientem convertere,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20; id. Sull. 24, 69:

    judicium suscepturos contra atque omnis Italia populusque Romanus judicavisset,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 12; id. B. G. 4, 13; Plin. 12, 19, 43, § 95.—
    (β).
    With ac:

    itaque contra est ac dicitis,

    Cic. Fin. 4, 15, 41:

    vides, omnia fere contra ac dicta sint evenisse,

    id. Div. 2, 24, 53; so id. Verr. 2, 4, 6, § 11; id. Or. 40, 137:

    cum contra ac Deiotarus sensit victoria belli judicaret,

    id. Phil. 11, 13, 34:

    Petreius ubi videt, Catilinam, contra ac ratus erat, magna vi tendere, etc.,

    Sall. C. 60, 5.—
    (γ).
    With ac and atque:

    si denique aliquid non contra ac liceret factum diceretur, sed contra atque oporteret,

    Cic. Balb. 3, 7.—
    (δ).
    With quam (post-Aug.):

    cui contra quam proposuerat aliqua cesserunt,

    Sen. Ira, 3, 6, 5; Plin. 10, 53, 74, § 149; 11, 21, 24, § 72; Gell. 6 (7), 8, 6:

    contra quam licet,

    id. 1, 3, 19; Sil. 15, 107.—
    2.
    Of moral opposition of acts contrary to rules and principles (cf. II. 3. g infra); so always with quam:

    mater Aviti, generi sui, contra quam fas erat, amore capta,

    contrary to the divine law, Cic. Clu. 5, 12:

    ut senatus, contra quam ipse censuisset, ad vestitum rediret,

    contrary to its own resolution, id. Pis. 8, 18:

    contra quam ista causa postulasset,

    id. Caecin. 24, 67:

    contra quam sanctum legibus est,

    Liv. 30, 19, 9; Cic. Leg. 2, 5, 11; id. Q. Fr. 1, 1, 1, § 2; id. Dom. 46, 122:

    contraque faciunt quam polliceri videntur,

    Auct. Her. 4, 3, 6; Cic. de Or. 2, 20, 86.
    II.
    Prep. with acc., before, against, facing, towards, opposite to, contrary to (acc. to many scholars not ante-class.; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 108; but found Plaut. Ps. 1, 2, 24 Fleck., a line omitted by Lorenz as a gloss; id. Pers. 1, 1, 13 Ritschl; Att. ap. Non. p. 469, 15, or Trag. Rel. v. 476 Rib.; cf. also Plaut. Poen. 5, 6, 18; Cato, R. R. 18, 1, and v. I. A. 1. a. b, and I. A. 1. b. a supra).
    A.
    Local uses.
    1.
    Opposite, over against, facing.
    a.
    Of countries and places (mostly of those separated by water;

    adversus and e regione mostly of places opposite by land): insulae natura triquetra, cujus unum latus est contra Galliam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 13; 3, 9; 4, 20:

    ad insulam quae est contra Massiliam,

    id. B. C. 1, 56; 3, 23:

    Rhodios, pacatis contra insulam suam terris, etc.,

    Liv. 37, 15, 7; 3, 26, 8:

    Carthago Italiam contra,

    Verg. A. 1, 13; 5, 124; Ov. M. 14, 17:

    insulae quae contra Tauri promuntorium inopportune navigantibus objacent, Chelidoniae nominantur,

    Mel. 2, 7; Plin. 3, 26, 30, § 151; 6, 28, 32, § 152; 5, 7, 7, § 41; Tac. A. 3, 1; id. H. 2, 17.—
    b.
    Of the heavenly bodies:

    donique (luna) eum (sc. solem) contra pleno bene lumine fulsit,

    Lucr. 5, 708:

    contra Volucris rostrum posita est Lyra,

    Vitr. 9, 4, 5; Sen. Q. N. 1, 5, 9; 1, 8, 3; Plin. 2, 31, 31, § 99; 5, 10, 10, § 56.—So, tertium (latus Britanniae) est contra septem triones, opposite ( facing); hence, contra meridiem and contra ortus (instead of ad or adversus meridiem, etc.), facing the south and east, Plin. 6, 24, 24, § 85; 17, 2, 2, § 22. —So of a person standing in the sunlight:

    cum minima umbra (i. e. a sole) contra medium fiet hominem,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 327; cf.:

    contra mediam faciem meridies erit,

    id. 18, 33, 76, § 326.—
    c.
    Of opposite ends of a line.
    (α).
    Of the diameter of the earth: esse e regione nobis e contraria parte terrae qui adversis vestigiis stent contra nostra vestigia, quos antipodas vocatis, Cic. Ac. 2, 39, 123.—
    (β).
    Of a line drawn:

    contra autem E littera I erit ubi secat circinationem linea,

    opposite the point E will be the letter I, Vitr. 9, 7, 4.—
    d.
    Of buildings, etc.:

    contra hoc aviarium est aliud minus in quo quae mortuae sunt aves curator servare solet,

    Varr. R. R. 3, 5, 5; Vitr. 5, 6, 3; 3, 5, 15:

    (statuam) quae fuerit contra Jovis Statoris aedem in vestibulo Superbi domus,

    Plin. 34, 6, 13, § 29:

    contra medium fere porticum diaeta paulum recedit,

    Plin. Ep. 5, 6, 20; 2, 17, 5; Suet. Aug. 44.—
    e.
    Of places on the human body:

    id quod contra stomachum est,

    Cels. 4, 5 (4, 12 med.); 7, 7;

    4, 20 (13).—Of the direction of the intestines, etc.: ea... contra medium alvum orsa,

    Cels. 4, 1 fin. —
    2.
    Of actions, opposite, towards, against, facing (syn.:

    adversus, ad, e regione,

    Caes. B. G. 7, 61).
    a.
    In gen.:

    quamvis subito... quamque Rem contra speculum ponas, apparet imago,

    Lucr. 4, 156: Democritus... clipeum constituit contra exortum Hyperionis, Laber. ap. Gell. 10, 17, 4:

    et contra magnum potes hos (i.e. oculos) attollere solem, Nec tremis...?

    Prop. 1, 15, 37; Col. 7, 3, 8:

    rex constiterat contra pedites,

    Curt. 10, 9, 13; 9, 5, 1:

    ne contra septentrionem paveris,

    Plin. 18, 33, 76, § 330; 28, 6, 19, § 69:

    contra solem varie refulgens,

    placed in the sun, id. 37, 10, 63, § 173; 10, 54, 75, § 151; 37, 6, 22, § 83;

    37, 7, 25, § 95: cum terrestres volucres contra aquam clangores dabunt,

    id. 18, 35, 87, § 363; 19, 8, 39, § 131.—
    b.
    Dependent on verbs of motion (very rare without the idea of hostility):

    (Dinocrates) incessit contra tribunal regis jus dicentis,

    towards, Vitr. 2, praef. 1.—So trop., of actions done for a purpose:

    lege Cornelia de sicariis tenetur qui, cum in magistratu esset, eorum quid fecerit contra hominis necem quod legibus permissum non sit,

    Dig. 48, 8, 4.—
    c.
    Appositively, with the predicate: (elephanti) tanta narratur clementia contra minus validos, ut, etc., if fronting weaker animals, if brought in contact with them (not to be connected with clementia), Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 23.—Similarly: dum... fidens non est contra feram, if fronting the animal (not dependent on fidens), Plin. 8, 16, 21, § 57.—
    d.
    Against an opposing action, etc.:

    contra vim atque impetum fluminis conversa,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 17, 5:

    cum plateae contra directos ventos erunt conformatae,

    Vitr. 1, 6, 8:

    ut contra ventum gregem pascamus,

    Col. 7, 3, 12; Sen. Q. N. 2, 31, 2; Plin. 29, 3, 12, § 52; 17, 2, 2, § 21; 8, 16, 21, § 54:

    contra fluminum impetus aggeribus,

    id. 35, 14, 48, § 169:

    capite in sole contra pilum peruncto,

    id. 27, 4, 5, § 17; 18, 35, 88, § 364; Varr. ap. Plin. 7, 20, 19, § 83; Sil. 14, 352; Dig. 9, 2, 29, § 4. [p. 455] — Trop.:

    contra fortunam tenendus est cursus,

    Sen. Prov. 5, 9.—Prov.:

    contra stimulum calces,

    kick against the pricks, Isid. Orig. 1, 36, 28 (al. calcitres); cf. Amm. 18, 5, 1.—
    e.
    Of local actions with hostile intent.
    (α).
    Lit.:

    quae vis Coclitem contra omnes hostium copias tenuit?

    Cic. Par. 1, 2, 12:

    Pompeium Cartejae receptum scribis: jam igitur contra hunc exercitum (sc. constitit),

    id. Att. 15, 20, 3:

    pertimescam, credo, ne mihi non liceat contra vos in contione consistere,

    to face you, id. Agr. 1, 8, 25; Lepidus ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 34, 1; Caes. B. C. 1, 26:

    a fronte contra hostem pedum quindecim fossam fieri jussit,

    id. ib. 1, 41; 1, 42; id. B. G. 7, 62:

    Tullus adversus Veientem hostem derigit suos: Albanos contra legionem Fidenatium collocat,

    Liv. 1, 27, 5; 24, 41, 5; 38, 4, 5; Verg. A. 12, 279; Front. Strat. 2, 2, 13; 2, 3, 17.—Appositively, with a local verb understood:

    terribilis haec contra fugientes belua est, fugax contra insequentes,

    i. e. if fronting, if placed opposite, Plin. 8, 25, 38, § 92.—
    (β).
    Trop.:

    castra sunt in Italia contra populum Romanum in Etruriae faucibus collocata,

    Cic. Cat. 1, 2, 5; id. Mil. 1, 2; Quint. 7, 7, 5:

    tum contra hanc Romam illa altera Roma quaeretur,

    will be as a rival against this Rome, Cic. Agr. 2, 22, 86:

    cui rationi contra homines barbaros atque imperitos locus fuisset, hac ne ipsum quidem sperare, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    (Cicero) plerumque contra inimicos atque obtrectatores plus vindicat sibi,

    when fronting adversaries, Quint. 11, 1, 23.—
    f.
    In partic.
    (α).
    Stare contra aliquem (opp. stare ab aliquo); usu. implying hostility; mostly trop., to stand against, to be arrayed against, to face, oppose:

    quod contra hoc exemplum nulla staret eorum ratio,

    Auct. Her. 4, 5, 7:

    contra populi studium,

    Cic. Brut. 34, 126:

    contra civium perditorum... dementiam a senatu et a bonorum causa,

    id. ib. 79, 273; so,

    a mendacio contra veritatem,

    id. Inv. 1, 3, 4:

    contra cives in acie,

    id. Att. 16, 11, 2:

    et adversi contra stetit ora juvenci,

    opposite, Verg. A. 5, 477; 5, 414:

    haec enim (ratio) sola... stat contra fortunam,

    Sen. Ep. 14, 4, 2: contra leonem etiam stetit, fronted, i. e. hunted, Spart. Carac. 5 fin. —
    (β).
    Contra aliquem ire:

    aut saevos Libyae contra ire leones,

    Stat. Th. 9, 16.— Trop.:

    uti contra injurias armati eatis,

    Sall. J. 31, 6:

    interritus (sapiens) et contra illa (mala) ibit et inter illa,

    Sen. Ep. 59, 8; cf.: contra venire, II. B. 1. c. b infra, and v. also II. B. 2. b. and II. B. 1. b. infra.—
    3.
    Transf.,
    a.
    To persons placed together for comparison:

    C. vero Caesar, si foro tantum vacasset, non alius ex nostris contra Ciceronem nominaretur,

    Quint. 10, 1, 114:

    CORONATO CONTRA OMNES SCAENICOS,

    Inscr. Grut. p. 331, n. 4.—
    b.
    To things compared, as if weighed against each other as to their value, strength, etc.
    (α).
    Lit. (very rare):

    quamcunque vis rem expende, et contra aquam statue... Si gravior est, leviorem rem... feret, etc.,

    Sen. Q. N. 3, 25, 5.—
    (β).
    Prop.:

    cujus (i. e. generis humani) causa videtur cuncta alia genuisse natura, magna saeva mercede contra tanta sua munera,

    Plin. 7, 1, 1, § 1:

    qui amicus esse coepit quia expedit, placebit ei aliquod pretium contra amicitiam,

    Sen. Ep. 9, 9:

    numquam ulli fortiores cives fuerunt quam qui ausi sunt eum contra tantas opes ejus... condemnare,

    Cic. Fam. 7, 2, 3:

    tantum studium bonorum in me exstitisse, contra incredibilem contentionem clarissimi et potentissimi viri,

    id. ib. 7, 2, 2; Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 9, 3:

    nomen prorogans nostrum et memoriam extendens contra brevitatem aevi,

    as a compensation for, Plin. 2, 63, 63, § 154.—So esp., valere contra, to weigh against, counterbalance, avail or prevail against: non vereor ne meae vitae modestia parum valitura sit contra falsos rumores, Matius ap. Cic. Fam. 11, 28, 8:

    (illa facta) pro periculo potius quam contra salutem valere debere,

    Cic. Part. Or. 35, 120; id. Off. 3, 29, 104:

    contrane lucrum nil valere Pauperis ingenium?

    Hor. Epod. 11, 11; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 1; id. Cons. Helv. 5, 5; so,

    robur habere contra: si contra unamquamlibet partem fortunae satis tibi roboris est,

    id. ib. 13, 2;

    so of counterchecks: in Creta decem qui cosmoe vocantur, ut contra consulare imperium tribuni plebis, sic illi contra vim regiam constituti,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 33, 58.—Of antidotes: cimicum natura contra serpentium morsus valere dicitur, item contra venena omnia, Plin. 29, 4, 17, § 61.—Hence,
    c.
    Colloq., aliquid contra aurum est, something is worth gold, is superb, both predicatively and attributively (cf.: auro contra, I. A. 2. supra): hujusce pomaria in summa Sacra Via ubi poma veneunt, contra aurum imago, a spectacle for gold, i. e. a magnificent sight, Varr. R. R. 1, 2, 10 MSS. (al. aliter):

    numcubi hic vides citrum... num quod emblema aut lithostratum? quae illic omnia contra aurum,

    superb, id. ib. 3, 2, 4 MSS. (Schneid. omits aurum, ex conj.):

    oneravi vinum, et tunc erat contra aurum,

    Petr. 7, 6.—
    d.
    Transf., of replies, with aiebat, inquit, etc.; both in friendly and inimical sense; esp., contra ea, contra haec, = the adv. contra:

    contra ea Titurius sero facturos clamitabat, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 29:

    contra ea Verginius unum Ap. Claudium et legum expertem et, etc., aiebat,

    Liv. 3, 57, 1; 24, 45, 4:

    quae contra breviter fata est vates,

    Verg. A. 6, 398:

    contra quod disertus Tu impie fecisti inquit, etc.,

    Quint. 7, 1, 53 (cf.: contra ea, II. E. 1. infra).
    B.
    Denoting hostility or disadvantage.
    1.
    With verbs of hostile action.
    a.
    Of physical exertion:

    pugnavere et tertio consulatu ejus viginti (elephanti) contra pedites quingentos,

    Plin. 8, 7, 7, § 22:

    proelium Afri contra Aegyptios primi fecere fustibus,

    id. 7, 56, 57, § 200; 8, 40, 61, § 142. —
    b.
    Referring to warfare (usu. adversus), bellum gerere (rarely for cum or adversus; but contra patriam, contra aras, etc., not cum patria, etc.; cf.

    bellum, II. A. 1. e.): a quo prohibitos esse vos contra Caesarem gerere bellum (opp. pro),

    Cic. Lig. 8, 25; id. Phil. 5, 10, 27; Liv. Ep. 129.—With bellum suscipere:

    contra Antonium,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 2, 5; so,

    contra patriam,

    id. Sull. 20, 58:

    pugnare contra patriam,

    id. ib. 25, 70:

    contra conjuges et liberos,

    Sen. Ben. 5, 15, 5:

    armatum esse contra populum Romanum,

    Cic. Prov. Cons. 13, 32.—With arma ferre (freq.), Cic. Phil. 2, 29, 72; 13, 21, 47; Liv. 28, 28, 15; Nep. Att. 4, 2; Tib. 1, 6, 30; Ov. M. 4, 609; 13, 269; id. P. 1, 1, 26.—With arma sumere or capere, Cic. Rab. Perd. 6, 19; id. Phil. 4, 1, 2; 4, 3, 7:

    armis contendere contra,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 13:

    arma alicui dare (trop.),

    Cic. Phil. 2, 21, 53:

    aciem instruere (trop.),

    Liv. 25, 4, 4:

    exercitum comparare,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 6, 14; 4, 1, 2:

    exercitum instruere,

    id. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    exercitum ducere and adducere,

    id. Phil. 4, 2, 5; 3, 4, 11:

    exercitum contra Philippum mittere,

    id. Inv. 1, 12, 17:

    naves ducere contra,

    Hor. Epod. 4, 19:

    ducere contra hostes,

    Liv. 1, 27, 4:

    florem Italiae educere contra,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 11, 24:

    proficisci contra,

    to march against, Liv. 1, 11, 3; 8, 2, 5:

    auxilium ferre Rutulis contra Latinos,

    Plin. 14, 12, 14, § 88:

    juvare aliquem contra,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 35:

    consilium inire contra Sequanos,

    to take hostile measures against, id. B. G. 6, 12.—
    c.
    Of legal contention (more freq. adversus, except with verbs of saying).
    (α).
    In gen., with agere or causam agere, to act as counsel against a party or his attorney:

    cum agerem contra hominem disertissimum nostrae civitatis,

    Cic. Caecin. 33, 97; id. Brut. 63, 226; Sen. Ben. 4, 15, 3; Quint. 11, 1, 59.—Causam recipere or suscipere contra, to accept a retainer against:

    (causam) quam receperam contra pueros Octavios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 49, 1; Quint. 6, 1, 12; Plin. Ep. 4, 17, 1.—Adesse alicui contra, to appear, act as one's counsel against:

    rogavit me Caecilius ut adessem contra Satrium,

    Cic. Att. 1, 1, 3; Plin. Ep. 1, 7, 5 al.; cf.:

    esse contra,

    id. ib. 1, 18, 3.— Trop.: conquesturus venit;

    at contra se adfuit et satisfacienti satisfecit,

    Sen. Fragm. Amic. 14, 1, 89:

    causam defendere contra,

    against the accuser, Cic. de Or. 1, 39, 178:

    statuere contra aliquem (sc. causam),

    to establish a case against an adversary, id. Or. 10, 34:

    actio competit contra,

    Dig. 49, 14, 41:

    querelam instituere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 21, § 1:

    bonorum possessionem petere contra,

    ib. 5, 2, 23:

    jus obtinere contra,

    Cic. Quint. 9, 34:

    pugnare contra,

    to struggle against the accuser, id. Sull. 17, 49; id. Verr. 1, 11, 33:

    id quod mihi contra illos datum est,

    i. e. a local advantage over, id. Tull. 14, 33:

    judicare contra aliquem,

    id. Fl. 20, 48; Dig. 21, 2, 55; 5, 2, 14; Just. Inst. 4, 17, 2:

    pronuntiare contra,

    Paul. Sent. 5, 34, 2: dare sententiam contra, Dig. 21, 2, 56, § 1:

    decernere contra,

    Cic. Fl. 31, 76:

    appellare contra aliquem,

    Dig. 49, 1, 3; 49, 5, 6; cf.:

    contra sententiam,

    Cod. Just. 7, 62, 32, § 2.—Sentire contra aliquem, to have an opinion unfavorable to:

    cur vos (cum) aliquid contra me sentire dicatis, etc.,

    Cic. Caecin. 27, 79.—
    (β).
    Venire contra aliquem, to appear as counsel for one's adversary:

    quid tu, Saturi, qui contra hunc venis, existimas aliter?

    Cic. Rosc. Com. 6, 18; id. Mur. 4, 9; id. Phil. 8, 6, 18.—Venire contra rem alicujus, to give advice damaging one's interests:

    contra rem suam me venisse questus est,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 2, 3.—
    (γ).
    With dicere and other verbs of saying. (aa) Of a lawyer pleading against a lawyer:

    ipse ille Mucius, quid in illa causa cum contra te diceret, attulit quod? etc.,

    Cic. de Or. 1, 57, 244:

    cum ille contra me pro Sex. Naevio diceret,

    id. Brut. 60, 2, 7; id. de Or. 2, 7, 30; id. Rosc. Am. 15, 45; id. Div. in Caecil. 14, 44; id. Planc. 2, 5; id. Brut. 26, 102; so,

    causam dicere,

    id. Or. 2, 23, 98:

    causam perorare,

    id. Quint. 24, 77.—(bb) Of a lawyer's pleading against the parties: dic mihi, M. Pinari, num si contra te dixero mihi male dicturus es? Servil. ap. Cic. de Or. 2, 65, 261; 3, 34, 138; 1, 14, 60; id. Or. 35, 123; Quint. 11, 1, 57; cf. with ellipsis of acc.:

    quorum alter pro Aufldia, contra dixit alter,

    id. 10, 1, 22.—(ng) Of a party against a lawyer:

    si Gaditani contra me dicerent,

    if the Gaditani were my adversaries, Cic. Balb. 17, 38.—(dd) Of witnesses and experts, and the pleadings against them:

    si decressent legationem quae contra istum diceret,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 2, 4, § 12: contra testes dicere (opp. a testibus or pro testibus). Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118 (cf.:

    testimonium in aliquem dicere,

    id. Sull. 17, 48; Quint. 7, 4, 36):

    contra juris consultos dicere,

    against their legal opinions, Cic. Caecin. 24, 69.—So of witnesses in scientific questions:

    contra testes dicendum est,

    Sen. Q. N. 7, 16, 1.—(ee) Dicere or contendere aliquid contra aliquem, to maintain a point against:

    cum interrogamus adversarios... quid contra nos dici possit,

    Auct. Her. 4, 23, 33:

    tamenne vereris ut possis hoc contra Hortensium contendere?

    Cic. Quint. 25, 78. —
    d.
    Of literary adversaries, mostly with verbs of saying and writing:

    cum scriberem contra Epicurios,

    Cic. Att. 13, 38, 1:

    contra Epicurum satis superque dictum est,

    id. N. D. 2, 1, 2:

    contra Brutum,

    id. Tusc. 5, 8, 21:

    contra Academiam,

    id. Ac. 2, 19, 63; id. Fin. 1, 1, 2; 5, 8, 22; id. Tusc. 5, 11, 32; 5, 30, 84; id. Ac. 2, 4, 17:

    contra autem omnia disputatur a nostris,

    id. Off. 2, 2, 8.—
    e.
    Of public and political adversaries (syn. adversus and in).
    (α).
    In gen.:

    sentire contra,

    Cic. Mil. 2, 5:

    pugnare contra bonos,

    id. Sull. 25, 71:

    contra eos summa ope nitebatur nobilitas,

    Sall. C. 38, 2; Cic. Sest. 19, 42; 52, 112:

    (tribuni) qui aut contra consulem, aut pro studio ejus pugnabant,

    Liv. 39, 32, 12.—
    (β).
    Of political speaking:

    cum (Cato) eo ipso anno contra Serv. Galbam ad populum summa contentione dixisset,

    Cic. Brut. 20, 80; so id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 53; Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 9, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostile or criminal acts in gen. (syn.:

    adversus, in): inire consilia contra,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 38, 110; id. Cat. 1, 7, 18:

    manum comparare contra aliquem,

    id. Sull. 24, 68:

    conjurationem facere,

    id. ib. 4, 12:

    congredi,

    id. Lig. 3, 9; Sall. J. 64, 4:

    aliquid contra imperatorem moliri,

    Just. Inst. 4, 18, 3:

    nec dolor armasset contra sua viscera matrem,

    against her own offspring Ov. R. Am. 59.—Facere contra (more freq. with abstr. objects; cf. II. C. 1. f. b infra): nunc te contra Caesarem facere summae stultitiae est, to take parts against, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 16, 2:

    eae (res) contra nos ambae faciunt,

    operate against us, id. Quint. 1, 1.—With verbs of saying, etc.:

    homo disertus non intellegit, eum quem contra dicit laudari a se?

    Cic. Phil. 2, 8, 18; 2, 1, 2; 2, 21, 51; Sen. Ep. 15, 3, 70:

    epigramma quod contra quamdam Gelliam scripsit,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 38:

    disputare contra deos, in two signif.: contra deum licet disputare liberius,

    to accuse, reproach a god, Cic. N. D. 3, 31, 76; but: mala et impia consuetudo est contra deos disputandi, to reason against the gods, i. e. against their existence, id. ib. 2, 67, 168.—
    2.
    Predicatively, with esse (videri, etc.), against, injurious to, unfavorable, prejudicial, to one's disadvantage: ut [p. 456] ex senatusconsulto neque cujus intersit, neque contra quem sit intellegi possit, Cic. Mur. 32, 68; id. de Or. 3, 20, 75; 2, 74, 299; 2, 81, 330; id. Sull. 13, 39; Sen. Ben. 6, 31, 6:

    licentiam malis dare certe contra bonos est,

    injurious to, Quint. 4, 2, 75:

    res contra nos est, of unfavorable chances in a lawsuit,

    id. 4, 66, 1; 4, 2, 75; 5, 13, 32.—Often, contra aliquem = quod est contra aliquem, referring to indef. pronouns or adjectives:

    nihil contra me fecit odio mei = nihil quod esset contra me,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 3, 5; id. Off. 3, 31, 112:

    quibus (temporibus) aliquid contra Caesarem Pompeio suaserim,

    id. Phil. 2, 10, 24.—
    3.
    Added adverb. to the predicate, mostly referring to purpose, with hostile intent, for the purpose of some hostile act, in order to oppose, in opposition:

    Caesarine eam (provinciam) tradituri fuistis, an contra Caesarem retenturi?

    or keep it against Caesar, Cic. Lig. 7, 23:

    sero enim resistimus ei quem per annos decem aluimus contra nos,

    id. Att. 7, 5, 5:

    judicium illud pecunia esse temptatum non pro Cluentio, sed contra Cluentium,

    id. Clu. 4, 9; id. Imp. Pomp. 17, 52; id. Ac. 2, 28, 92:

    cum quae facitis ejusmodi sint ut ea contra vosmet ipsos facere videamini,

    id. Rosc. Am. 36, 104; Sen. Ep. 3, 7, 3: Curio se contra eum totum parat, i. e. to speak against him, Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 10; Caes. B. C. 1, 85 ter; Sen. Q. N. 1, 7, 1; Plin. 16, 39, 74, § 192; Plin. Pan. 41.—So with the force of a temporal clause:

    fidem meam quam essent contra Massam Baebium experti,

    in the suit against, Plin. Ep. 3, 4, 4.—
    4.
    Dependent on adjectives (rare):

    contra se ipse misericors,

    to his own injury, Phaedr. 4, 18, 3:

    severissimus judex contra fures,

    Lampr. Alex. Sev. 28.—
    5.
    With nouns.
    a.
    Acc. to 1. b.:

    ut quam maximae contra Hannibalem copiae sint,

    Cic. Inv. 1, 12, 17; cf. Vell. 2, 76, 3.—
    b.
    Acc. to 1. c. and 1. e.; so esp., oratio contra (cf.: oratio in).
    (α).
    Oratio contra (never in), of an address against the counsel of a party or against the prosecutor:

    quid in omni oratione Crassus vel apud centumviros contra Scaevolam, vel contra accusatorem Brutum, cum pro Cn. Plancio diceret?

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 220; cf.:

    Cato pro se contra Cassium = in oratione contra,

    Gell. 10, 15, 3; so,

    haec perpetua defensio contra Scaevolam,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 54, 221:

    orationem illam egregiam quam (Aeschines) in Ctesiphontem contra Demosthenem dixerat,

    id. ib. 3, 56, 213.—
    (β).
    Of an address against the party, either in judicial or political affairs:

    unam orationem contra Gracchum reliquit,

    Cic. Brut. 26, 99:

    (Demosthenis) oratio contra Leptinem... contra Aeschinem falsae legationis,

    id. Or. 31, 111; Gell. 10, 24, 10; 10, 18, 91; Cic. Brut. 46, 169; Quint. 12, 10, 61; Cic. de Or. 2, 11, 45; id. Brut. 44, 164; Gell. 13, 25 (24), 15; cf. Quint. 4, 3, 13; 11, 2, 25.—
    c.
    Acc. to 1. f.:

    contra patres concitatio et seditio,

    Cic. Brut. 14, 56.—Of animals:

    contra volpium genus communibus inimicitiis,

    Plin. 10, 76, 96, § 207.
    C.
    With inanimate and abstract objects.
    1.
    Directly dependent on verbs (cf. B. 1.).
    a.
    Of physical or moral exertion:

    cum fulmina contra Tot paribus streperet clipeis,

    Verg. A. 10, 567:

    pugnandum tamquam contra morbum, sic contra senectutem,

    Cic. Sen. 11, 35:

    contra verum niti,

    Sall. J. 35, 8:

    contra fortunam luctari,

    Sen. Ben. 7, 15, 2; id. Brev. Vit. 10, 1; id. Ep. 78, 15; 99, 32; cf. Cic. Off. 1, 31, 110.—
    b.
    Of warfare (lit. and trop.):

    bellum contra aras, focos, vitam fortunasque gerere,

    Cic. Phil. 3, 1, 1:

    bellum gerimus... contra arma verbis,

    id. Fam. 12, 22, 1.—So of logical contradictions:

    artificis autem est invenire in actione adversarii quae semet ipsa pugnent,

    Quint. 5, 13, 30.—
    c.
    Of legal contention.
    (α).
    Of the actions of the counsel or prosecutor: dicere, or perorare, agere contra aliquid, to plead against, contest something:

    contra argumenta, rumores, tabulas, quaestiones (opp. ab argumentis, etc.),

    Auct. Her. 2, 6, 9 sqq.; Cic. de Or. 2, 27, 118:

    contra ratiocinationem,

    id. Inv. 2, 50, 153: contra scriptum dicere, to contest, controvert a written law or a document, id. ib. 2, 47, 138; 2, 48, 143; id. Brut. 39, 145; Quint. 7, 7, 1:

    contra caput dicere,

    to plead against life, Cic. Quint. 13, 44 (cf.:

    servum in caput domini interrogare,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 1, 34; 5, 16, 5 and 8; 5, 46, 3): contra libertatem agere, Dig. 40, 12, 26.—Pregn.:

    contra rerum naturam, contraque consuetudinem hominum dicere (opp. contra nos dicere),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 15, 45.—
    (β).
    Of judicial decisions contradicting documents, etc.:

    contra tabulas judicare,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 281:

    contra testamentum,

    Dig. 2, 17, § 1:

    contra sententiam dicere,

    ib. 49, 8, 1, § 2.—
    (γ).
    Admittere aliquem contra bona, to admit a petition for bonorum possessio (cf.:

    inmittere in bona),

    Dig. 38, 2, 3, § 6.—
    d.
    Of antagonism in literary and ethical questions.
    (α).
    To contend that something is false:

    dicere, disputare, disserere contra opinionem or sententiam,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 4, 8; 5, 19, 55; id. de Or. 3, 18, 67; id. Fin. 5, 4, 10; id. Ac. 2, 18, 60; Sen. Ira, 1, 3, 3; id. Ep. 87, 5; 102, 5 (cf.:

    in sententiam dicere,

    in support of an opinion, Caes. B. G. 1, 45):

    contra sensus dicere,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 31, 101:

    contra rhetoricen dicere,

    Quint. 2, 17, 40.—
    (β).
    Of criticism, hostility to principles, etc.:

    contra Iliadem et Odysseam scribere,

    Vitr. 7, praef. 8:

    contra quorum disciplinam ingenium ejus exarserat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 29, 83.—
    (γ).
    Ethically:

    contra voluptatem dicere,

    that pleasure is a moral evil, Cic. Fin. 5, 8, 21:

    contra mortem loqui,

    that death is no evil, Sen. Ep. 82, 7;

    in both senses: contra vitia, pericula, fortunam, ambitionem,

    id. ib. 100, 10:

    contra fortunam gloriari,

    that fortune has no power over him, Cic. Tusc. 5, 9, 26; Sen. Ep. 26, 5.—
    e.
    Of public and political acts and speeches:

    contra potentiam accusatorum dicere,

    Cic. Brut. 44, 164:

    contra legem dicere or verba facere,

    id. Imp. Pomp. 15, 53; Liv. 34, 8, 1:

    rogationem ferre contra coloniam ( = contra legem de colonia deducenda),

    Cic. Clu. 51, 140; Auct. Her. 1, 17, 21; Plin. 8, 17, 24, § 64.—
    f.
    Of hostility, injury, wrongs, etc.
    (α).
    In gen.:

    senatusconsulto quod contra dignitatem tuam fieret,

    directed against, Cic. Fam. 12, 29, 2:

    contra rem publicam se commovere,

    id. Cat. 1, 26; 1, 3, 7:

    incitari,

    id. Sest. 47, 100:

    consilia inire,

    id. Agr. 2, 3, 8:

    conjurationem facere,

    Sall. C. 30, 6:

    contra salutem urbis incitari,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 8, 20:

    cogitare aliquid contra salutem,

    id. ib. 3, 9, 21: contra voluntatem or studium dicere, to oppose one's will in a speech:

    esse aliquem in civitate qui contra ejus (Chrysogoni) voluntatem dicere auderet,

    id. Rosc. Am. 22, 60; id. Phil. 1, 11, 28; id. de Or. 3, 34, 138; id. Mur. 4, 10; Tac. H. 2, 91:

    ne quid contra aequitatem contendas, ne quid pro injuria,

    do not array yourself against equity, Cic. Off. 2, 20, 71.— Trop.:

    quis non contra Marii arma, contra Suliae proscriptionem irascitur? ( = Mario propter arma, Sullae propter proscriptionem),

    Sen. Ira, 2, 2, 3.—
    (β).
    In partic.: facere contra aliquid (syn. adversus), to commit an offence against, to transgress, etc.:

    si quis ad Antonium profectus esset... senatus existimaturum eum contra rem publicam fecisse,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 11, 33; id. Mil. 5, 13; 6, 14; id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 3, 25, 95; S. C. ap. Cael. ap. Cic. Fam. 8, 8, 6; Liv. 25, 4, 7; so,

    contra salutem rei publicae facere,

    Cic. Dom. 38, 102:

    contra majestatem,

    against the emperor, Dig. 48, 4, 5:

    contra leges,

    Cic. Dom. 18, 48; id. Vatin. 7, 18; id. Fin. 2, 17, 55; id. Mur. 32, 67; id. de Or. 3, 19, 70; cf. id. Clu. 34, 92; id. Mur. 32, 68; id. Dom. 14, 38; id. Phil. 10, 6, 13; Gai Inst. 4, 121:

    contra edictum (praetoris),

    Cic. Verr 2, 3, 10, § 25; Dig. 39, 1, 20, § 1:

    contra foedus,

    Cic. Balb. 6, 16:

    contra jusjurandum ac fidem,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; id. Lael. 3, 30, 74; id. Verr. 2, 3, 3, § 7; Prop. 3, 30, 44 (2, 32, 44).—And ironically:

    tune contra Caesaris nutum (sc. facies)?

    Cic. Att. 14, 10, 1.—Rarely contra ea facere = contra facere, adverb. (cf. I. B. 8. and II. E. 1. b.):

    corpus in civitatem inferri non licet... et qui contra ea fecerit, extra ordinem punitur,

    Paul. Sent. 1, 21, 2; 1, 21, 12.—
    2.
    Predicatively with esse (usu. impers.), in violation of, in conflict with, contrary to (cf. 3. g).
    (α).
    With esse expressed as the predicate:

    hominem hominis incommodo suum augere commodum magis est contra naturam quam mors,

    Cic. Off. 3, 5, 21; id. Fin. 3, 9, 31; id. N. D. 3, 13, 33; Sen. Ep. 5, 4; Plin. 7, 8, 6, § 45:

    contra leges or legem est,

    Cic. Pis. 13, 30; id. Mur. 32, 67:

    contra officium est,

    id. Off. 3, 10, 43; 1, 10, 32; 1, 6, 19; cf. id. Lael. 11, 39; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Liv. 6, 40, 5; Sen. Q. N. 2, 37, 2; Gai Inst. 3, 157; Dig. 30, 1, 112, § 3; 16, 3, 1, § 7.—With ellipsis of object (naturam), Cic. Fin. 5, 29, 89; cf.:

    adeo res ista non habet ullam moram quae contra causas ignium sit,

    unfavorable to the formation of fire, Sen. Q. N. 2, 26, 7.—
    (β).
    With verbal predicate, referring to an indef. pron. or adj., with esse understood:

    scis hunc... nihil umquam contra rem tuam cogitasse ( = nihil quod contra rem tuam esset),

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 50, 147; id. Mil. 5, 13:

    aliquid contra animum audiendi,

    something against our liking, Sen. Const. 19, 2.—So mostly with facere:

    si quid Socrates aut Aristippus contra morem consuetudinemque fecerint,

    Cic. Off. 1, 41, 148; id. Att. 3, 23, 2; 2, 22, 2; id. Off. 3, 15, 63; Sall. C. 15, 1; Dig. 8, 2, 11; 8, 2, 17; 35, 1, 79, § 2. —
    (γ).
    Contra officium, substantively, = id quod contra officium est:

    Sic inter recte factum atque peccatum, officium et contra officium, media locabat quaedam,

    Cic. Ac. 1, 10, 37.—
    3.
    Adverbially with the predicate.
    (α).
    In order to oppose, in opposition to, with hostile intent (cf. B. 3.):

    eidem illam proscriptionem capitis mei contra salutem rei publicae rogatam esse dicebant,

    that the proposal of the law was an attack on the republic, Cic. Prov. Cons. 19, 45; id. Rab. Perd. 12, 35; id. Phil. 10, 10, 22:

    imperator contra postulata Bocchi nuntios mittit,

    to reply to the demands, Sall. J. 83, 3; 25, 6; so,

    advocare contra,

    Sen. Cons. Polyb. 12, 4; id. Ep. 15, 2, 52:

    si contra mortem te praeparaveris,

    to meet death, id. ib. 11, 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With the force of a clause of manner, injuriously to, etc.:

    quibus contra valetudinis commodum laborandum est,

    Cic. Mur. 23, 47; Suet. Aug. 78:

    contra hominis salutem,

    with danger to a man's life, Cod. Just. 7, 62, 29.—
    (γ).
    In gen., of conflict with some rule or principle, contrary to, in violation of, without regard to ( = ita ut contra sit; cf. 2. supra; very freq. from the class. period;

    syn. adversus): ceperitne pecunias contra leges P. Decius,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 31, 136; id. Verr. 2, 1, 4, § 10; id. Fl. 34, 86:

    pecuniam contra leges auferre,

    id. Verr. 1, 18, 56; 2, 1, 10, § 27; 2, 5, 18, § 46; id. Har. Resp. 26, 56:

    contra legem,

    id. Rab. Perd. 3, 8; id. Dom. 16, 41:

    contra jus fasque,

    id. Har. Resp. 16, 34; id. Quint. 6, 28:

    contra jus,

    Liv. 5, 4, 14; id. Dom. 13, 55; id. Verr. 2, 5, 13, § 34:

    contra jus gentium,

    Liv. 4, 32, 5; 9, 10, 10; 21, 25, 7; 5, 36, 6;

    6, 1, 6: contra juris rigorem,

    Dig. 40, 5, 24, § 10 et saep.:

    contra testimonium aliquid judicare,

    without regard to, Cic. Brut. 31, 117:

    aliquid contra verecundiam disputare,

    contrary to the rules of decency, id. Off. 1, 35, 128:

    aliquid contra fidem constituere,

    Quint. 5, 13, 34:

    quae majores nostri contra lubidinem animi sui recte atque ordine fecere,

    contrary to the dictates of passion, Sall. C. 51, 4; id. J. 33, 1; cf. of logical opposition, II. E. 2. infra.—
    4.
    Dependent on substt.
    a.
    Of physical strife:

    scit ille imparem sibi luctatum contra nexus (draconis),

    Plin. 8, 12, 12, § 33. —
    b.
    Of warfare:

    imperatorum copia contra tuum furorem,

    Cic. Mur. 39, 83:

    Parthorum gloria contra nomen Romanum,

    Liv. 9, 18, 6: in castris perditorum contra patriam, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23, 6.—
    c.
    Of legal contention:

    causa contra scriptum,

    Cic. Inv. 2, 46, 135.—
    d.
    Of political speaking:

    divina M. Tullii eloquentia contra leges agrarias,

    Quint. 2, 16, 7; 9, 3, 50; Gell. 18, 7, 7.—
    e.
    Of literary opposition:

    Caesaris vituperatio contra laudationem meam,

    Cic. Att. 12, 40, 1.—
    f.
    Of hostility, etc.:

    cujus factum, inceptum, conatumve contra patriam,

    Cic. Cat. 2, 12, 27:

    ullum factum dictumve nostrum contra utilitatem vestram,

    Liv. 6, 40, 5.—
    g.
    Of injury:

    vitae cupiditas contra rem publicam,

    Cic. Planc. 37, 90: contra serpentes venenum, fatal to serpents, or as a defence against serpents, Plin. 7, 2, 2, § 15.—
    h.
    Of violation, disregard, etc. (cf. 3. g):

    iter contra senatus auctoritatem,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 19, 48:

    contra consuetudinem somnium,

    Plin. 10, 77, 98, § 211:

    bonorum possessio contra tabulas,

    Dig. 37, 4, 3, § 13; Gai Inst. 3, 41.—
    5.
    Dependent on adjectives (very rare; cf.

    II. D. 2. c. infra): contraque patris impii regnum impotens, avum resolvam,

    Sen. Herc. Fur. 966.
    D.
    Of defence, protection, and resistance (syn.: adversus, ab).
    1.
    Against persons.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    cum populus Romanus suam auctoritatem vel contra omnes qui dissentiunt possit defendere,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 22, 63: si ego consul rem publicam [p. 457] contra te et gregales tuos defendissem, id. Sest. 52, 111; 22, 49; 8, 20; id. Fam. 11, 27, 7; id. Phil. 2, 18, 45:

    contra quem multum omnes boni providerunt,

    provided a great defence, id. Mur. 38, 81: formula qua utitur patronus contra libertum qui eum in jus vocat, as a defence against, Gai Inst. 4, 46. —And of protection of plants against injurious animals:

    contra haec animalia proderit, si, etc.,

    Pall. 10, 3, 2.—
    b.
    Dependent on adjectives, mostly participial:

    paratus contra,

    Cic. Mil. 21, 56:

    nihil satis firmum contra Metellum,

    Sall. J. 80, 1:

    contra potentes nemo est munitus satis,

    Phaedr. 2, 6, 1.—
    2.
    Against inanimate and abstract things.
    a.
    Dependent on verbs:

    contra avium morsus munitur vallo aristarum,

    Cic. Sen. 15, 51:

    propugnaculum, quo contra omnes meos impetus usurum se putat,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 16, § 40; 2, 5, 39, § 102:

    publicam causam contra vim armatam suscipere,

    id. Dom. 34, 91; id. Quint. 30, 94; id. Leg. 3, 3, 9:

    contra tantas difficultates providere,

    Sall. J. 90, 1; 76, 4; so,

    contra ea,

    id. ib. 57, 5:

    patricii vi contra vim resistunt,

    Liv. 3, 13, 4; Plin. 14, 2, 4, § 28; Tac. Agr. 45; Sen. Prov. 4, 12; id. Const. 5, 4.—
    b.
    Dependent on substt.:

    suffragia contra oppugnationem vestrae majestatis,

    Cic. Rab. Perd. 12, 35:

    defensio contra vim,

    id. Mil. 5, 14:

    patronus justitiae fuit contra orationem Phili,

    id. Lael. 7, 25; Plin. 29, 2, 9, § 30; 14, 3, 4, § 40:

    contra labores patientia,

    id. 23, 1, 22, § 37.—
    c.
    Dependent on adjectives (in Cic. freq. with P. a. predicatively used; otherwise very rare;

    in later prose freq.): nec est quidquam Cilicia contra Syriam munitius,

    against an attack from the side of Syria, Cic. Fam. 14, 4, 4:

    ut nullius res tuta, nullius domus clausa, nullius vita saepta, nullius pudicitia munita contra tuam cupiditatem posset esse,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 15, § 39; id. Fin. 1, 16, 51; id. Mil. 25, 67; id. Tusc. 5, 8, 19; 5, 27, 76:

    vir contra audaciam firmissimus,

    id. Rosc. Am. 30, 85; Sall. J. 33, 2; 28, 5:

    fortis contra dolorem,

    Sen. Ep. 98, 18; Quint. 12, 1, 10:

    callosus,

    Plin. 11, 37, 54, § 147; 14, 2, 4, § 23:

    far contra hiemes firmissimum,

    id. 18, 8, 19, § 83:

    equus tenax contra vincula,

    Ov. Am. 3, 4, 13:

    contraque minantia fata pervigil,

    Claud. I. Cons. Stil. 1, 284.—
    3.
    Of remedies against sickness and its causes, poison, etc.; so only in Plin.; in Pall. only of preventives and of protection against hurtful animals, and against mental perturbations in gen.; cf. infra (syn. ad in Cat., Cic., Cels., Col.; adversus only in Celsus, who also has in with abl.).
    (α).
    Dependent on verbs:

    cujus et vinum et uva contra serpentium ictus medetur,

    Plin. 14, 18, 22, § 117; 7, 2, 2, § 13:

    prodest et contra suspiria et tussim,

    id. 20, 13, 50, § 128:

    valet potum contra venena,

    id. 28, 7, 21, § 74; 29, 4, 22, § 71; 29, 4, 26, § 81; 28, 8, 27, § 98; 16, 37, 71, § 180; 35, 6, 14, § 34; 28, 6, 18, §§ 65-67.—
    (β).
    Dependent on substt.:

    remedium contra morsus,

    Plin. 8, 32, 50, § 118; 10, 59, 79, § 163:

    contra venena esse omnia remedio,

    id. 16, 44, 95, § 251; 17, 24, 37, § 240; 7, 1, 1, § 4.—
    (γ).
    Dependent on adjectives:

    vinum quod salutare contra pestilentiam sit,

    Pall. 11, 14, 17.—
    (δ).
    Appositively, as a remedy:

    cujus lacteum succum miris laudibus celebrat... contra serpentes et venena,

    Plin. 5, 1, 1, § 16; 29, 4, 26, § 83. —So of remedies against affections:

    Tiberium tonante caelo coronari ea (lauro) solitum ferunt contra fulminum metus,

    Plin. 15, 30, 40, § 135; cf. Sen. Ira, 2, 21, 1; id. Tranq. 5. 1.
    E.
    Of logical opposition.
    1.
    With a neuter demonstrative (contra ea, contra haec, contra quae, quod contra = contra, adv.).
    a.
    The contrary, the reverse (very rare; cf.

    I. D. 1.): sed mihi contra ea videtur,

    but to me the contrary seems true, Sall. J. 85, 1:

    omnia quae contra haec sunt, omnia quae contra sunt,

    and vice versa, Quint. 5, 10, 90. —
    b.
    Contra ea, on the contrary, in logical antithesis (not in Cic. and Sall.; once in Caes. and Quint.; several times in Liv. and Nep.; cf.: contra ea, in other uses, II. A. 2. e. a, II. D. 2. a., II. A. 3. d., II. C. 1. f.):

    omnes arderent cupiditate pugnandi... contra ea Caesar... spatiumque interponendum... putabat ( = at contra),

    but Caesar on the contrary, Caes. B. C. 3, 74: superbe ab Samnitibus... legati prohibiti commercio sunt;

    contra ea benigne ab Siculorum tyrannis adjuti,

    Liv. 4, 52, 6; 2, 60, 1; 21, 20, 6;

    44, 43, 5: pater... Thracem me genuit, contra ea mater Atheniensem,

    Nep. Iphicr. 3, 4; id. praef. 6; id. Alcib. 8, 1.—And after a question, with immo (cf. I. E. 5. b.):

    an infirmissimi omnium... (sumus)? Immo contra ea vel viribus nostris, vel, etc., tuti (sumus),

    Liv. 41, 24, 8.—
    c.
    Quod contra, by anastrophe (v. F. 1.), contrary to which, whereas, while on the contrary (only once in Lucr. and three times in Cic.):

    illud in his rebus vereor ne forte rearis, Inpia te rationis inire elementa viamque indugredi sceleris: quod contra saepius illa Religio peperit scelerosa atque impia facta,

    whereas on the contrary, Lucr. 1, 81:

    cujus a me corpus crematum est, quod contra decuit ab illo meum (sc. cremari),

    Cic. Sen. 23, 84:

    quod contra oportebat delicto dolere, correctione gaudere,

    id. Lael. 24, 90 (B. and K. place a comma after oportebat; cf.

    Nauck ad loc.): reliquum est ut eum nemo judicio defenderit: quod contra copiosissime defensum esse contendi,

    id. Quint. 28, 87 (many consider contra in all these passages as an adverb; cf. Hand, Turs. II. p. 121 sq.; some explain quod as an ancient ablative, = qua re;

    v. Ritschl,

    Plaut. Exc. p. 57, Munro ad Lucr. 1, 82).—
    2.
    With an abstract noun, with the force of the adverb contra with ac or atque (I. F. 1.), contrary to, contrary to what, etc. (esp. in Sall., not in Cic.; cf. praeter): celeriter contraque omnium opinionem confecto itinere, contrary to the opinion ( = contra ac rati erant), Caes. B. G. 6, 30:

    contra opinionem Jugurthae ad Thalam perveniunt,

    Sall. J. 75, 9; Hirt. B. G. 8, 40.—Contra spem either contrary to the opinion, or against the hope:

    Metellus contra spem suam laetissume excipitur ( = contra ac ratus, veritus est),

    Sall. J. 88, 1; so,

    cetera contra spem salva invenit,

    Liv. 9, 23, 17:

    contra spem omnium L. Furium optavit,

    id. 6, 25, 5; Curt. 8, 4, 45;

    but: at Jugurtha contra spem nuntio accepto ( = contra ac speraverat),

    Sall. J. 28, 1; Liv. 24, 45, 3:

    postquam... Jugurtha contra timorem animi praemia sceleris adeptum sese videt,

    Sall. J. 20, 1:

    ipse in Numidiam procedit, ubi contra belli faciem tuguria plena hominumque... erant ( = contra ac in bello evenire solet),

    id. ib. 46, 5:

    contra famam,

    Plin. 13, 22, 43, § 126; 7, 53, 54, § 180:

    segniterque et contra industriam absconditae formicae,

    slowly, and in a manner different from their usual activity, id. 18, 35, 88, § 364.—Of persons:

    frigidam potionem esse debere, contra priores auctores, Asclepiades confirmavit,

    contrary to the opinion of the former physicians, Cels. 4, 26 (19).
    F.
    Sometimes by anastrophe after its noun.
    1.
    In prose, after relatives, esp. in Cic.:

    quos contra disputant,

    Cic. Ac. 2, 15, 47:

    quem contra dicit,

    id. Phil. 2, 8, 18 (v. II. B. 1. f.):

    quem contra veneris,

    id. Mur. 4, 9:

    quas contra, praeter te, etc.,

    id. Vatin. 7, 18:

    eos ipsos quos contra statuas,

    id. Or. 10, 34:

    quos contra me senatus armavit,

    id. Att. 10, 8, 8:

    quam contra multa locutus est,

    Sen. Ep. 82, 7, Plin. Ep. 1, 23, 3; Claud. in Rufin. 1, 332; v. also E. 1. c. supra.—
    2.
    After other words ( poet. and in post-Aug. prose):

    hunc igitur contra mittam contendere causam,

    Lucr. 4, 471:

    dicere eos contra,

    id. 4, 484:

    donique eum contra,

    id. 5, 708:

    agmina contra,

    Verg. A. 12, 279:

    magnum Alciden contra,

    id. ib. 5, 414:

    Paridem contra,

    id. ib. 5, 370:

    Italiam contra,

    id. ib. 1, 13:

    deos contra,

    Ov. P. 1, 1, 26:

    Messania moenia contra,

    id. M. 14, 17:

    litora Calabriae contra,

    Tac. A. 3, 1.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > contra dicta

  • 4 refero

    rĕfĕro, ferre, rĕtŭli (poét. rettŭli), rĕlātum [re, préf. + fero] - tr. -    - rĕfert → rĕfĕro [re, préf. + fero] [] refert [rē, abl. de res + fert] → rēfert. [st1]1 [-] rapporter, ramener (chez soi); ramener (comme gain, comme conquête), remporter, gagner, obtenir.    - referre vasa domum, Plaut.: rapporter chez soi des vases (pris ailleurs).    - referre aurum secum, Plaut.: emporter son or.    - referre signa: rapporter des enseignes.    - referre victoriam ex (de) hostibus: remporter une victoire sur les ennemis.    - repulsam referre: [ramener un échec] = subir un échec.    - neque tu istud unquam decretum sine caede nostra referes, Liv. 3: et tu n'obtiendras l'exécution de ton arrêt qu'en nous égorgeant. [st1]2 [-] porter en arrière; tourner en arrière, revenir, retourner; tirer, retirer.    - me referunt pedes in Tusculanum, Cic. Att. 15, 16: mes pas me ramènent dans ma maison de campagne de Tusculum.    - referre se: retourner.    - Romam se rettulit, Cic.: il retourna à Rome.    - referre oculos ad aliquem: ramener les yeux sur qqn.    - referre pedem (gradum): retourner, reculer, battre en retraite, lâcher pied, se replier.    - referre pedem ad aliquem, Plaut.: retourner vers qqn.    - referre se ou referri: reculer, battre en retraite, lâcher pied, se replier.    - eum domum rettulerunt, Nep.: ils le retournèrent chez lui.    - relatus domum, Tac. An. 3: de retour chez lui.    - telum e corpore referre, Sil.: retirer un trait du corps. [st1]3 [-] apporter, donner (une chose due), rembourser, rendre, restituer, redonner; offrir (ce qui est dû aux dieux, aux mânes).    - referre gratiam (qqf. gratias) alicui: rendre un bienfait à qqn, être reconnaissant à qqn, récompenser qqn.    - debeo sperare omnis deos mihi relaturos esse gratiam, Cic. Cat. 4: je dois espérer que tous les dieux me témoigneront leur reconnaissance.    - de praemiis vestris et de referenda gratia cogitare, Caes. BC. 2: penser à vos récompenses et à la reconnaissance qui vous est due.    - par pari referre, Cic.: rendre la pareille.    - referre vicem, Ov.: rendre la pareille.    - referre gratiam meritam: témoigner une reconnaissance méritée.    - referre sacra Cereri, Virg.: offrir à Cérès les sacrifices dus. [st1]4 [-] rendre, vomir.    - cum sanguine mixta vina refert, Virg.: il rend des flots de vin mêlés avec son sang. [st1]5 [-] rendre, rapporter, produire.    - quid studia referant, Quint. (sub. inter.): ce que rapportent les études.    - multum militia retulit, Sen.: la guerre a été une source de bénéfices. [st1]6 [-] ramener, rétablir; ramener, reporter; rapporter à, attribuer à.    - referre navem in mare, Hor.: remettre un navire à la mer.    - referre rem judicatam, Cic.: revenir sur une affaire jugée.    - referre mysteria, Cic.: recommencer la célébration des mystères.    - referre veteres mores: rétablir les moeurs d'autrefois (faire revivre les moeurs d'autrefois).    - referre se ad philosophiam, Cic.: revenir à la philosophie.    - referre in melius, Virg.: améliorer.    - referre omnia ad voluptatem, Cic.: ramener tout au plaisir.    - culpam in aliquem referre: rejeter la faute sur qqn, accuser qqn.    - causa ad matrem referebatur, Tac. A. 6, 49: la cause en était imputée à sa mère.    - referre prospera ad fortunam, Tac.: attribuer les succès à la fortune. [st1]7 [-] rapporter (par la ressemblance), reproduire (les traits), représenter; reproduire (un son), répercuter.    - vultum (os) alicujus referre: reproduire la physionomie de qqn, ressembler à qqn.    - amisit filiam, quae non minus mores ejus quam os vultumque referebat, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9: il perdit sa fille qui lui ressemblait autant par son caractère que par sa physionomie.    - rettulisse dicitur Decius parentis sui speciem, Liv. 10, 7: Décius rappelait, dit-on, l'image de son père.    - temporis illius vultum referebat Achilles, quo petiit Agamemnona, Ov. M. 13: Achille avait le visage qu'il avait à l'époque où il attaqua Agamemnon.    - nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem, Virg. En. 12, 348: (Eumède) qui tient de son aïeul par le nom, de son père par l'âme et le bras.    - Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt, Tac. G. 43: par le langage et la coiffure, les Marsignes rappellent les Suèves.    - neque amissos colores lana refert, Hor. C. 3, 5, 28: et la laine ne reprend pas sa couleur perdue.    - referre saporem salis, Virg.: avoir le goût du sel. [st1]8 [-] porter (dans un livre, sur un document), reporter, transcrire, inscrire, consigner; mettre au nombre de, compter, admettre.    - acceptum referre: inscrire comme reçu, mettre au crédit.    - referre pecuniam expensam: porter sur un livre l'argent dépensé.    - in censum referri, Liv.: être porté sur les registres du cens.    - aliquid ad tabulas referre: porter qqch sur les livres de compte.    - populum Romanum in tabulas referre, Flor. 1, 6: inscrire le peuple romain sur les rôles du cens.    - rationes referre: rendre ses comptes, remettre ses comptes.    - referre numerum: faire le recensement, compter.    - referre aliquem (aliquid) in numero (in numerum): mettre qqn (qqch) au nombre de.    - Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos, Cic. Nat. 1: Héraclide du Pont range au nombre des dieux le ciel et la terre.    - eodem Caepionem referrem, Cic. Brut. 62, 223: je mettrais Cépion au même rang. [st1]9 [-] rapporter, raconter, annoncer, mentionner, dire, citer; répondre, répliquer; chanter, célébrer.    - horresco referens, Virg. En. 2: je frémis en le racontant.    - referre aliquid ad aliquem: rapporter (raconter) qqch à qqn.    - referre + prop. inf.: répondre que, riposter que.    - pauca refert: il répond en peu de mots.    - (... negotiatoribus), quorum refert nomina, Suet.: (... hommes d'affaires), dont il cite les noms.    - rettulit Ajax esse Jovis pronepos, Ov. M. 13, 141: Ajax rapporta qu'il était l'arrière-petit-fils de Jupiter.    - quem referent Musae, Tib.: celui que célébreront les Muses. [st1]10 [-] rapporter une affaire, faire un rapport, rendre compte; soumettre à, en référer à.    - referre legationem: rendre compte de son ambassade.    - referre de re publica: faire un rapport sur la situation politique.    - referre rem ad senatum: soumettre une chose à la délibération du sénat.    - referre de aliqua re ad senatum: consulter le sénat au sujet de qqch, mettre qqch à l'ordre du jour du sénat.    - referre ad populum: en appeler au peuple (en référer au peuple).    - referre ad senatum, ad judicem: en référer au sénat, au juge.    - te referente: sur ta proposition.    - consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui in custodiam traditi erant, Sall. C. 50, 3: le consul, ayant convoqué le sénat, lui demande ce qu'il convient de faire des hommes qui ont été arrêtés. [st1]11 [-] poét. repasser (dans son esprit), réfléchir à, ruminer, se rappeler (surtout chez Ovide).    - tacitā recentia mente visa refert, Ov. M. 15, 27: il repasse en silence dans son esprit ce qu'il vient de voir.    - si forte refers, Ov. Am. 2, 8, 17: si d'aventure tu t'en souviens.    - haec refer, Ov. R. Am. 308: aie cela présent à l'esprit.    - saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae, Ov. R. Am. 299: rappelle-toi souvent les perfidies de ta maîtresse.    - mente memor refero, Ov. M. 15, 451: je m'en souviens.    - foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae, Ov. M. 1, 165: se rappelant l'horrible festin que Lycaon venait de lui servir.    - illam meminitque refertque, Ov. M. 11, 563: il pense sans cesse à elle.    - hoc si ille ad animum rettulit, Phaedr.: s'il a médité ce mot.
    * * *
    rĕfĕro, ferre, rĕtŭli (poét. rettŭli), rĕlātum [re, préf. + fero] - tr. -    - rĕfert → rĕfĕro [re, préf. + fero] [] refert [rē, abl. de res + fert] → rēfert. [st1]1 [-] rapporter, ramener (chez soi); ramener (comme gain, comme conquête), remporter, gagner, obtenir.    - referre vasa domum, Plaut.: rapporter chez soi des vases (pris ailleurs).    - referre aurum secum, Plaut.: emporter son or.    - referre signa: rapporter des enseignes.    - referre victoriam ex (de) hostibus: remporter une victoire sur les ennemis.    - repulsam referre: [ramener un échec] = subir un échec.    - neque tu istud unquam decretum sine caede nostra referes, Liv. 3: et tu n'obtiendras l'exécution de ton arrêt qu'en nous égorgeant. [st1]2 [-] porter en arrière; tourner en arrière, revenir, retourner; tirer, retirer.    - me referunt pedes in Tusculanum, Cic. Att. 15, 16: mes pas me ramènent dans ma maison de campagne de Tusculum.    - referre se: retourner.    - Romam se rettulit, Cic.: il retourna à Rome.    - referre oculos ad aliquem: ramener les yeux sur qqn.    - referre pedem (gradum): retourner, reculer, battre en retraite, lâcher pied, se replier.    - referre pedem ad aliquem, Plaut.: retourner vers qqn.    - referre se ou referri: reculer, battre en retraite, lâcher pied, se replier.    - eum domum rettulerunt, Nep.: ils le retournèrent chez lui.    - relatus domum, Tac. An. 3: de retour chez lui.    - telum e corpore referre, Sil.: retirer un trait du corps. [st1]3 [-] apporter, donner (une chose due), rembourser, rendre, restituer, redonner; offrir (ce qui est dû aux dieux, aux mânes).    - referre gratiam (qqf. gratias) alicui: rendre un bienfait à qqn, être reconnaissant à qqn, récompenser qqn.    - debeo sperare omnis deos mihi relaturos esse gratiam, Cic. Cat. 4: je dois espérer que tous les dieux me témoigneront leur reconnaissance.    - de praemiis vestris et de referenda gratia cogitare, Caes. BC. 2: penser à vos récompenses et à la reconnaissance qui vous est due.    - par pari referre, Cic.: rendre la pareille.    - referre vicem, Ov.: rendre la pareille.    - referre gratiam meritam: témoigner une reconnaissance méritée.    - referre sacra Cereri, Virg.: offrir à Cérès les sacrifices dus. [st1]4 [-] rendre, vomir.    - cum sanguine mixta vina refert, Virg.: il rend des flots de vin mêlés avec son sang. [st1]5 [-] rendre, rapporter, produire.    - quid studia referant, Quint. (sub. inter.): ce que rapportent les études.    - multum militia retulit, Sen.: la guerre a été une source de bénéfices. [st1]6 [-] ramener, rétablir; ramener, reporter; rapporter à, attribuer à.    - referre navem in mare, Hor.: remettre un navire à la mer.    - referre rem judicatam, Cic.: revenir sur une affaire jugée.    - referre mysteria, Cic.: recommencer la célébration des mystères.    - referre veteres mores: rétablir les moeurs d'autrefois (faire revivre les moeurs d'autrefois).    - referre se ad philosophiam, Cic.: revenir à la philosophie.    - referre in melius, Virg.: améliorer.    - referre omnia ad voluptatem, Cic.: ramener tout au plaisir.    - culpam in aliquem referre: rejeter la faute sur qqn, accuser qqn.    - causa ad matrem referebatur, Tac. A. 6, 49: la cause en était imputée à sa mère.    - referre prospera ad fortunam, Tac.: attribuer les succès à la fortune. [st1]7 [-] rapporter (par la ressemblance), reproduire (les traits), représenter; reproduire (un son), répercuter.    - vultum (os) alicujus referre: reproduire la physionomie de qqn, ressembler à qqn.    - amisit filiam, quae non minus mores ejus quam os vultumque referebat, Plin. Ep. 5, 16, 9: il perdit sa fille qui lui ressemblait autant par son caractère que par sa physionomie.    - rettulisse dicitur Decius parentis sui speciem, Liv. 10, 7: Décius rappelait, dit-on, l'image de son père.    - temporis illius vultum referebat Achilles, quo petiit Agamemnona, Ov. M. 13: Achille avait le visage qu'il avait à l'époque où il attaqua Agamemnon.    - nomine avum referens, animo manibusque parentem, Virg. En. 12, 348: (Eumède) qui tient de son aïeul par le nom, de son père par l'âme et le bras.    - Marsigni sermone vultuque Suevos referunt, Tac. G. 43: par le langage et la coiffure, les Marsignes rappellent les Suèves.    - neque amissos colores lana refert, Hor. C. 3, 5, 28: et la laine ne reprend pas sa couleur perdue.    - referre saporem salis, Virg.: avoir le goût du sel. [st1]8 [-] porter (dans un livre, sur un document), reporter, transcrire, inscrire, consigner; mettre au nombre de, compter, admettre.    - acceptum referre: inscrire comme reçu, mettre au crédit.    - referre pecuniam expensam: porter sur un livre l'argent dépensé.    - in censum referri, Liv.: être porté sur les registres du cens.    - aliquid ad tabulas referre: porter qqch sur les livres de compte.    - populum Romanum in tabulas referre, Flor. 1, 6: inscrire le peuple romain sur les rôles du cens.    - rationes referre: rendre ses comptes, remettre ses comptes.    - referre numerum: faire le recensement, compter.    - referre aliquem (aliquid) in numero (in numerum): mettre qqn (qqch) au nombre de.    - Ponticus Heraclides terram et caelum refert in deos, Cic. Nat. 1: Héraclide du Pont range au nombre des dieux le ciel et la terre.    - eodem Caepionem referrem, Cic. Brut. 62, 223: je mettrais Cépion au même rang. [st1]9 [-] rapporter, raconter, annoncer, mentionner, dire, citer; répondre, répliquer; chanter, célébrer.    - horresco referens, Virg. En. 2: je frémis en le racontant.    - referre aliquid ad aliquem: rapporter (raconter) qqch à qqn.    - referre + prop. inf.: répondre que, riposter que.    - pauca refert: il répond en peu de mots.    - (... negotiatoribus), quorum refert nomina, Suet.: (... hommes d'affaires), dont il cite les noms.    - rettulit Ajax esse Jovis pronepos, Ov. M. 13, 141: Ajax rapporta qu'il était l'arrière-petit-fils de Jupiter.    - quem referent Musae, Tib.: celui que célébreront les Muses. [st1]10 [-] rapporter une affaire, faire un rapport, rendre compte; soumettre à, en référer à.    - referre legationem: rendre compte de son ambassade.    - referre de re publica: faire un rapport sur la situation politique.    - referre rem ad senatum: soumettre une chose à la délibération du sénat.    - referre de aliqua re ad senatum: consulter le sénat au sujet de qqch, mettre qqch à l'ordre du jour du sénat.    - referre ad populum: en appeler au peuple (en référer au peuple).    - referre ad senatum, ad judicem: en référer au sénat, au juge.    - te referente: sur ta proposition.    - consul convocato senatu refert, quid de his fieri placeat, qui in custodiam traditi erant, Sall. C. 50, 3: le consul, ayant convoqué le sénat, lui demande ce qu'il convient de faire des hommes qui ont été arrêtés. [st1]11 [-] poét. repasser (dans son esprit), réfléchir à, ruminer, se rappeler (surtout chez Ovide).    - tacitā recentia mente visa refert, Ov. M. 15, 27: il repasse en silence dans son esprit ce qu'il vient de voir.    - si forte refers, Ov. Am. 2, 8, 17: si d'aventure tu t'en souviens.    - haec refer, Ov. R. Am. 308: aie cela présent à l'esprit.    - saepe refer tecum sceleratae facta puellae, Ov. R. Am. 299: rappelle-toi souvent les perfidies de ta maîtresse.    - mente memor refero, Ov. M. 15, 451: je m'en souviens.    - foeda Lycaoniae referens convivia mensae, Ov. M. 1, 165: se rappelant l'horrible festin que Lycaon venait de lui servir.    - illam meminitque refertque, Ov. M. 11, 563: il pense sans cesse à elle.    - hoc si ille ad animum rettulit, Phaedr.: s'il a médité ce mot.
    * * *
        Refero, pen. corr. refers, retuli, pen. corr. relatum, pe. prod. et metri causa rettuli, rellatum, referre. Quintil. Reporter, ou Rapporter.
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        Siquid somniasti, ad me refers. Plaut. Tu m'en demande advis.
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        Populus de suis rebus ad eum refert. Cic. Luy demande conseil de ses affaires.
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        Ad seipsum aliquid referre. Cic. Juger du faict d'autruy par soymesme, en considerant comment nous ferions si nous estions en sa place, Prendre à son coeur l'autruy.
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        Acceptam referre salutem suam beneuolentiae alicuius. Cic. Confesser tenir sa vie de la benevolence d'aucun, Estre envié par luy, Luy estre tenu de ce qu'on est vif.
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        In acceptum referre. Cic. Approuver une chose comme bien faicte, et la declarer recevable.
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        In acta referri. Iuuena. Estre enregistré, ou Estre mis és chroniques.
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        In aerarios referre, Vide AErarius adiectiuum in AES, aeris. Suspendre aucun des commoditez et privileges de la bourgeoisie, et neantmoins le contraindre aux charges.
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        In album referre. Liu. Rediger par escript.
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        Aliquem ore referre. Virg. Luy resembler de viaire, ou visage.
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        Animum referre ad rem aliquam. Cic. Tourner et appliquer sa pensee à icelle, Penser à icelle.
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        In apertum referre opus. Cic. Publier.
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        Ad arbitrium alicuius referre. Cic. Se rapporter à aucun.
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        Ad vos nunc refero quem sequar. Cic. Je vous demande qui vous voulez que je suyve.
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        Aspectum referre in curiam. Cic. Tourner sa veue et son regard à, etc.
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        In codicem referre. Cic. Faire registre de quelque chose, Enregistrer.
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        Colorem paternum referre. Columella. Estre de la couleur de son pere.
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        In commentarium referre. Cic. Enregistrer.
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        Ad conscientiam referre omnia, nihil ad ostentationem. Plin. iun. Ne faire rien par vaine gloire, mais seulement se contenter du tesmoignage de sa conscience, Faire tout en conscience.
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        Consuetudinem repetere atque referre. Cic. Ramener une coustume en usage.
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        Referre ad aliquem omnes curas. Cic. N'avoir cure et soing que de luy.
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        Dexteram ad osculum referre. Plinius. Mettre la main sur sa bouche.
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        In deterius referre aliquid. Tacitus. L'interpreter en mauvaise partie.
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        In deos referre. Cic. Nombrer entre les dieux, Canonizer.
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        Diem referre dicitur sol. Virg. Ramener le jour.
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        Ensem vaginae referre. Sil. Rengainer.
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        Eodem referri. Cic. Estre rapporté au lieu mesme.
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        Vt sit qui a te mihi epistolam referat. Cic. Qui me rapporte lettres de toy.
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        Facta referre quae mandata sunt. Plaut. Mettre en execution ce qu'on nous a enchargé.
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        Ad finem aliquem referre omnia. Cic. Rapporter toutes choses à quelque fin.
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        Fructum diligentiae referre alicui. Cic. Le recompenser de sa diligence.
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        Gradum referre, quod et Pedem referre dicitur. Liu. Reculer, Retourner arriere, Retourner tout court dont on venoit, S'en retourner, Tourner le dos.
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        Gratiam referre. Cic. Rendre le plaisir.
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        In selectos iudices referre. Cic. Mettre au nombre des juges.
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        Laudem referre familiae alicuius. Cic. Remettre sus sa louange.
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        In libellum referre. Cic. Escrire en un petit livre qui sert pour memoire, et en papiers journaulx.
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        In literas publicas referri. Cic. Estre escript és registres et chartres, Estre mis en registre public, Estre enregistré.
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        Mandata referre ad aliquem. Caesar. Luy dire ce qu'on avoit en mandement et charge de luy dire.
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        Manum ad poplitem referre. Plin. Mettre la main au jarret.
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        Referre in melius. Virg. Tourner ou changer en mieulx.
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        Ad memoriam vetustatis referte omnia. Cic. Estimez que tout ce que j'ay dict, ce a esté pour avoir memoire de l'antiquité, Rapportez tout cela au vieil temps.
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        Morem referre. Virg. Ramener une vieille coustume, La remettre en usage.
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        Mores patris referre. Plin. iunior. Avoir les meurs de son pere, Luy resembler de meurs.
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        Si patrem non referret. Plin. iun. S'il ne resembloit à son pere.
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        Inter nefastos referre diem. Plin. iun. Mettre au nombre des jours qu'on ne plaidoit point.
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        In Nouocomenses retulit. Cic. Il l'a escript parmi les, etc.
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        Referre numerum. Virgil. Compter, Nombrer.
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        In numeros referre. Plin. iunior. Enrouler aux bandes.
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        Referre in oratorum numerum. Cic. Compter parmi les orateurs.
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        In numerum deorum referre. Sueton. Canonizer.
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        Omnia referre ad vnum. Cic. Mettre tout entre les mains d'aucun, Rapporter tout à un.
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        Referre oculos ad aliquem, vel ad terram. Cic. Jecter ses yeulx ou sa veue sur aucun, Tourner sa veue contre terre.
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        Opem referre. Cic. Aider.
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        Retulit ora ad iuuenem. Valer. Flac. Il a tourné son visage vers, etc.
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        Par referre. Terent. Rendre la pareille.
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        Pedem referre. Caesar. Se retirer, Retourner, Se reculer.
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        Rettulit ad me pedem. Plaut. Il est retourné chez moy.
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        Me referunt pedes in Tusculanum. Cicero. Me reportent, Je m'en revay à pied en, etc.
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        Primas referre ad aliquem. Cicero. L'estimer plus que touts les autres.
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        Quaestum maiorem referre. Colum. Rapporter plus grand gaing, Faire plus de prouffit.
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        Rationes referre. Cic. Rendre comptes.
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        Referre rationibus, et in rationes. Tranquil. Escrire parmi ses comptes.
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        Referunt haec ad rem. Plaut. Appartiennent à l'affaire.
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        Repulsam referre, quod et Ferre repulsam simpliciter dicitur, et Pati repulsam. Cic. Estre refusé, Estre esconduict.
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        Responsum referre. Cic. Rapporter response.
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        In, vel inter reos referre. Cic. Declarer une accusation et delation faicte d'aucun crime à l'encontre d'aucun, estre recevable.
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        Salutem alicui referre. Cic. Le resaluer.
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        Saporem salis referre. Virgil. Avoir telle saveur que le sel.
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        Se referre. Virgil. S'en retourner en la maison.
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        Se in gregem suum veterem referre. Cic. Se retourner, etc.
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        Se ad ordinem referre. Cic. Retourner à son ordre.
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        Se ad studia referre. Cic. Se remettre à l'estude.
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        Senium parentis referre. Columel. Se sentir de, etc.
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        Similitudinem referre. Plin. Resembler.
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        Pro re certa spem falsam domum retulerunt. Cic. Ils ont reporté, etc.
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        In spem sibi aliquid referre. Plaut. Esperer quelque chose, Avoir esperance de quelque chose.
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        Referre omnia ad vnam summam. Cic. Assembler tout en un.
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        In tabulas, siue tabellas referre. Cic. Mettre en son registre.
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        In tectum referre. Varro. Mettre en toict.
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        Retulit me ventus ad, vel in Italiam. Cic. M'a rapporté, ou ramené.
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        Vicem referre. Ouid. Rendre la pareille.
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        Nec incruentam victoriam retulit. Liu. Il gaigna la victoire, mais il y eut beaucoup de ses gents tuez.
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        Referre omnia ad voluptatem. Cic. Faire tout pour vivre en voluptez et delices, N'avoir esgard sinon à volupté, Referer tout à volupté.
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        Referre. Virgil. Rendre.
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        Referre. Virgil. Raconter, Referer, Relater, Reciter.
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        Vna foeminarum in omni aeuo refertur. Plin. Il n'est parlé que d'une.
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        Ego tibi refero, si non sum ex eo loco deiectus, etc. Cic. Je parle à toy, Je te demande si, etc.
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        Referre. Seneca. Revoquer, Retirer.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > refero

  • 5 defero

    dēfĕro, ferre, tŭli, lātum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] porter d'un lieu dans un autre, apporter, amener.    - si forte eo deferret fuga regem, Liv. 36, 20: si la fuite amenait le roi en cet endroit. [st1]2 [-] emporter de haut en bas, jeter à bas, abattre, renverser, précipiter.    - deferre plurimum limi, Plin.: rouler une grande quantité de limon.    - Rhodanus amnis segnem deferens Ararim, Plin.: le Rhône entraînant les eaux dormantes de la Saône.    - in praeceps deferri, Liv.: être emporté sur la pente d'un précipice. [st1]3 [-] détourner (un navire) de son chemin, pousser, entraîner, emporter.    - quem tempestas in desertum litus detulisset, Cic. Rep. 1: (celui) que la tempête avait jeté sur une côte déserte.    - navis huc nos detulit, Plaut. Am.: un bateau nous a entraînés ici. [st1]4 [-] porter au marché, exposer en vente, mettre en vente, vendre.    - deferre nexos maniplos, Col. 10, 315: porter des gerbes au marché.    - deferre pallium, Petr. 12, 2: mettre un manteau en vente.    - videamus hoc quanti deferatur, Sen. Ep. 42: voyons quel prix on en demande. [st1]5 [-] porter, produire, donner (en parl. de la végétation).    - deferre fructum similem nucis, Plin.: donner un fruit semblable à la noix. [st1]6 [-] déférer, décerner, offrir, accorder, confier, transmettre, remettre.    - deferre aliquid ad aliquem: accorder (confier, remettre, transmettre, porter) qqch à qqn.    - imperium ad aliquem deferre: déférer le commandement à qqn.    - universum meum studium ad te defero, Cic.: je t'offre tout mon zèle.    - deferre aliquid ad aerium (in aerium): porter qqch au trésor public.    - deferre aliquid alicui: remettre qqch à qqn.    - pacem hostibus deferre, Liv. 23, 13: proposer la paix aux ennemis. [st1]7 [-] porter à la connaissance de, faire savoir, rapporter, annoncer, révéler, soumettre; dénoncer, porter plainte; accuser.    - deferre + prop. inf.: rapporter, déclarer que.    - defert ad conjectorem se somniasse, Cic.: il vient de raconter au sorcier qu'il a rêvé.    - rem ad populum deferre, soumettre une affaire au peuple.    - deferre aliquem (nomen alicujus) ad praetorem: dénoncer qqn au préteur.    - detulit ad me querelam tuam, Cic. Fam. 11, 27: il m'a transmis ta plainte.    - deferre nomen alicujus de aliqua re, Cic.: accuser qqn de qqch.    - minari et deferre etiam non orator potest, Quint. 4, 1, 22: on n'a pas besoin d'être orateur pour menacer et dénoncer.    - defertur majestatis, Tac.: il est accusé de lèse-majesté.    - defertur moliri res novas, Tac. An. 2: il est accusé de fomenter une révolution. [st1]8 [-] déposer (au Trésor); déclarer (au censeur).    - in censum deferre: déclarer aux censeurs (telle fortune).    - deferre mille quingentūm aeris in censum, Gell.: déclarer au censeur une fortune de quinze cents as.    - rationes deferre, Cic.: déposer ses comptes (au Trésor). [st1]9 [-] inscrire sur les registres du Trésor, à titre de recommandation.    - scito a me tribunos delatos esse, Cic.: sache que j'ai porté les tribuns sur le registre des récompenses.
    * * *
    dēfĕro, ferre, tŭli, lātum - tr. - [st1]1 [-] porter d'un lieu dans un autre, apporter, amener.    - si forte eo deferret fuga regem, Liv. 36, 20: si la fuite amenait le roi en cet endroit. [st1]2 [-] emporter de haut en bas, jeter à bas, abattre, renverser, précipiter.    - deferre plurimum limi, Plin.: rouler une grande quantité de limon.    - Rhodanus amnis segnem deferens Ararim, Plin.: le Rhône entraînant les eaux dormantes de la Saône.    - in praeceps deferri, Liv.: être emporté sur la pente d'un précipice. [st1]3 [-] détourner (un navire) de son chemin, pousser, entraîner, emporter.    - quem tempestas in desertum litus detulisset, Cic. Rep. 1: (celui) que la tempête avait jeté sur une côte déserte.    - navis huc nos detulit, Plaut. Am.: un bateau nous a entraînés ici. [st1]4 [-] porter au marché, exposer en vente, mettre en vente, vendre.    - deferre nexos maniplos, Col. 10, 315: porter des gerbes au marché.    - deferre pallium, Petr. 12, 2: mettre un manteau en vente.    - videamus hoc quanti deferatur, Sen. Ep. 42: voyons quel prix on en demande. [st1]5 [-] porter, produire, donner (en parl. de la végétation).    - deferre fructum similem nucis, Plin.: donner un fruit semblable à la noix. [st1]6 [-] déférer, décerner, offrir, accorder, confier, transmettre, remettre.    - deferre aliquid ad aliquem: accorder (confier, remettre, transmettre, porter) qqch à qqn.    - imperium ad aliquem deferre: déférer le commandement à qqn.    - universum meum studium ad te defero, Cic.: je t'offre tout mon zèle.    - deferre aliquid ad aerium (in aerium): porter qqch au trésor public.    - deferre aliquid alicui: remettre qqch à qqn.    - pacem hostibus deferre, Liv. 23, 13: proposer la paix aux ennemis. [st1]7 [-] porter à la connaissance de, faire savoir, rapporter, annoncer, révéler, soumettre; dénoncer, porter plainte; accuser.    - deferre + prop. inf.: rapporter, déclarer que.    - defert ad conjectorem se somniasse, Cic.: il vient de raconter au sorcier qu'il a rêvé.    - rem ad populum deferre, soumettre une affaire au peuple.    - deferre aliquem (nomen alicujus) ad praetorem: dénoncer qqn au préteur.    - detulit ad me querelam tuam, Cic. Fam. 11, 27: il m'a transmis ta plainte.    - deferre nomen alicujus de aliqua re, Cic.: accuser qqn de qqch.    - minari et deferre etiam non orator potest, Quint. 4, 1, 22: on n'a pas besoin d'être orateur pour menacer et dénoncer.    - defertur majestatis, Tac.: il est accusé de lèse-majesté.    - defertur moliri res novas, Tac. An. 2: il est accusé de fomenter une révolution. [st1]8 [-] déposer (au Trésor); déclarer (au censeur).    - in censum deferre: déclarer aux censeurs (telle fortune).    - deferre mille quingentūm aeris in censum, Gell.: déclarer au censeur une fortune de quinze cents as.    - rationes deferre, Cic.: déposer ses comptes (au Trésor). [st1]9 [-] inscrire sur les registres du Trésor, à titre de recommandation.    - scito a me tribunos delatos esse, Cic.: sache que j'ai porté les tribuns sur le registre des récompenses.
    * * *
        Defero, defers, detuli, pen. corr. delatum, pen. prod. deferre. Plaut. Porter.
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        Deferri naui ad vlterioris Rheni litus. Plin. Estre porté.
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        Deferre dotem vori dicitur vxor. Plaut. Apporter grand dost.
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        In terram deferri. Quintil. Cheoir, ou tomber à terre.
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        Deferar in vicum. Horat. Je seray porté.
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        Deferri in vndas. Virgil. Estre precipité en l'eaue.
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        Deferri in errorem. Cic. Estre mis en erreur.
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        Deferri in praeceps. Liu. Estre rué par terre.
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        Defertur Moganus in Rhenum. Plin. iunior. Coule, Flue, Entre, Se rend dedens le Rhin.
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        Deferre studium suum et laborem ad aliquem. Cic. Offrir et presenter son service.
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        Deferre aliquid in beneficii loco. Cic. Luy faire present de quelque chose, pensant luy faire grand plaisir.
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        Deferre causam ad patronum dicitur litigator. Cic. Quand une partie vient à un advocat, ou homme de conseil, luy conter son affaire, et le prier de plaider pour luy, ou de luy donner conseil.
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        Querelas ad aliquem per alium deferre. Cic. Envoyer quelqu'un vers autruy porter parolles contenant les plainctes de quelques torts faicts.
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        Deferre querelas ad aliquem. Liu. Se plaindre ou complaindre à aucun.
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        Deferre ad aliquem quae audiuimus. Caes. Luy conter et rapporter.
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        Deferre mandata vel postulata alicuius ad alterum. Caesar. Faire un message, Porter parolle pour autruy de quelque chose dont il a donné charge.
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        Deferre ad coniectorem. Cic. Aller au devin et luy conter son affaire, et demander conseil.
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        In censum deferre. Vlpian. Bailler par declaration et denombrement. Vide Census in CENSEO.
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        Polliceri et deferre quicquid possumus. Cic. Promettre et offrir ou presenter à aucun tout ce qui est en nostre puissance.
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        Denegare et Deferre, contraria. Cic. Refuser et offrir.
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        Ad vnum omnia delata sunt. Cic. Toutes choses sont remises en la main d'un qui ha toute puissance.
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        Honorem alicui deferre. Cic. Luy donner quelque grand estat et office.
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        Quibus omnia pop. Romani beneficia dormientibus deferuntur. Cic. On leur apporte les bienfaicts en dormant.
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        Deferre facultates alicui. Cic. Luy faire present de ce qu on peult faire, Luy offrir sa puissance.
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        Optionem eligendi. Cic. Donner le chois.
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        Pacem. Liu. Presenter paix.
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        Palmam alicuius rei deferre alicui. Cic. Luy en donner le loz.
    \
        Potestatem alicui. Cic. Bailler.
    \
        Praeconium alicui. Cic. Luy bailler la charge de faire les criees, et soubhaster.
    \
        Primas alicui. Cic. Luy donner le premier lieu.
    \
        Triumphum. Cic. Luy octroyer le triomphe.
    \
        Deferre aliquid ad alterum. Cic. Luy faire quelque bien.
    \
        Negotium ad aliquem. Cic. Employer aucun en quelque affaire, Luy apporter quelque charge pour l'expedier.
    \
        Iudicia iam facta, domo ad causas deferre. Cic. Apporter.
    \
        Deferre iudicium ad Praetores. Liu. Quand un malfaicteur vient au magistrat descouvrir son faict et encuser soy et ses compaignons.
    \
        Regnum alicui. Liu. Luy faire present de la couronne, Luy offrir le royaulme.
    \
        Studium et beneuolentiam ad aliquem deferre. Cic. Offrir, Presenter.
    \
        Voluntatem suam ad aliquem. Cic. Luy dire et descouvrir.
    \
        Deferre aliquem, pro Accusare. Cic. Accuser.
    \
        Impietatis deferri. Tacit. Estre accusé de, etc.
    \
        Deferre nomen alicuius. Cic. Deferer aucun et denoncer à justice qu'il a commis quelque forfaict, Enditer, Emputer, Encuser.
    \
        Sermones de aliquo ad alterum. Cic. Rapporter.
    \
        Deferre de aliquo apud alios. Cic. Faire quelque rapport.
    \
        Deferre. Seneca, Videamus hoc quod concupiscimus, quanti deferatur. Combien on le fait, on le prise, on l'estime, Combien on le veult vendre.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > defero

  • 6 mitto

    mīsī, missum, ere
    1) бросать, метать, кидать, швырять (tela tormentis Cs; lapĭdes fundā L; tesseram H, O; fulmina inimīca alicui rei H; aliquid in faciem alicujus Pt); свергать, сбрасывать (aliquem, aliquid ex, ab и de aliquā re)
    corpus saltu ad terram m. V — спрыгнуть на землю
    aliquem in fabulas m. погов. Q — сделать кого-л. притчей во языцех
    2) (вы)пускать (sagittas emĭnus L; radīces Col)
    m. florem PM — расцветать
    sanguinem m. alicui мед. CC, Sen, Pt — пускать кровь кому-л.
    3) юр. вводить ( aliquem in possessionem C)
    4) ввергать, ставить ( aliquem in summa pericula Lcn)
    5) посылать, отправлять (aliquem, aliquid ad aliquem или alicui)
    m. aliquem alicui auxilio C и in auxilium Just — послать кого-л. кому-л. на помощь
    missus quaerere aliquem O — посланный на поиски кого-л.
    m. aliquem morti Pl и ad mortem C — предать кого-л. смерти
    m. exercitum sub jugum Cs, L — пропускать войско под ярмо (в знак подчинения, сдачи)
    7) сопровождать (Mercurius animas sub Tartara mittit V)
    8) готовить (funera и exitium alicui V)
    9) внушать, наделять, одарять (mentem alicui m. V)
    10) посвящать (librum ad aliquem m. C); преподносить, приносить ( munĕra cinĕri alicujus V)
    11) доставлять, поставлять (ebur V; tura O)
    aliquid in scaenam m. H — писать что-л. для театра
    12) писать, сообщать, доносить, посылать (alicui salutem m. O; ad Caesarem m. Cs)
    misit ei, ut veniret Ter — он написал (велел сказать) ему, чтобы (тот) прибыл
    aliquid in acta m. Sen — вносить что-л. в списки, вести запись чего-л.
    13)
    а) испускать, излучать ( lucem in terras C)
    m. vocem pro aliquo C — поднять свой голос в защиту кого-л.
    б) изъявлять, выражать, проявлять, обнаруживать ( signa timoris Cs); выпускать, выделять (vaporem, fumum Lcr)
    14)
    а) отпускать (aliquem Ter etc.)
    m. aliquem intro Pl — впустить кого-л
    б) выпускать (leonem e cavea rhH.); распускать ( senatum Cs); увольнять ( legiones C); отпускать на волю, освобождать (servum manu m. Pl, C etc.)
    m. uxorem или uxorem missam facere Su — развестись с женой
    15) оставлять, бросать, отказываться (odium L; inanes spes H); отбрасывать ( timorem V); кончать, прекращать ( certamen V); переставать
    m. или missum facere aliquem Ter etc. — оставить кого-л. в покое
    16) обходить молчанием, умалчивать, не упоминать, пропускать (aliquem, aliquid или de aliqua re)

    Латинско-русский словарь > mitto

  • 7 apud

    ăpŭd ( apud down to the time of Caesar, Corp. Inscr. I. 30; I. 196; and after 45 B. C. both apud, Inscr. Orell. 206; 818, and aput, ib. 206; 15; 34; another form of apud was apor, Paul. ex Fest. p. 26 Mull. apud, Ritschl, Rib. in Trag. et Com. Rel., Mull. in Lucil., and Dietsch in Sall.; aput, Lachm., Fleck. in Plaut.; both apud and aput, Mull. in Cat. and Rib. in Verg.) [Corssen once regarded apud as connected with apisci, as juxta with jungo, Ausspr. I. p. 335, 1st ed., but afterwards, ib. 2d ed. I. p. 197, he adopted Pott's view, that it was comp. of Sanscr. api, = to, toward, near (Gr. epi), and ad, old form ar, which view the form apor favors, and thus its strict meaning would be on to, unto; v. infra, IV.]; prep. gov. acc., with, at, by, near (regularly with words denoting rest, and primarily of persons, while ad properly designates only direction, motion, extension, etc., and is chiefly used of places; the diff. between apud and penes is given in Paul. ex Fest. p. 22 Mull.: apud et penes in hoc differunt, quod alterum personam cum loco significat, alterum personam et dominium ac potestatem; v. penes, and cf. Nep. Them. 7, 2: ad ephoros Lacedaemoniorum accessit, penes quos summum imperium erat, atque apud eos (v. infra, I. B. 2. a.) contendit, etc.; and for the difference between ad and apud, cf. Lucil. 9, 58 sq. Mull.: apud se longe alid est, neque idem valet ad se: Intro nos vocat ad sese, tenet intus apud se; syn.: ad, prope, coram, inter, in with abl.; rare in early Lat.; very freq. in Plaut., less freq. in Ter., seven times in Verg., five times in Juv., three times in Catull., twice in Ov, and once in Hor. and Prop.; never in Tib. or Pers.; very freq. in Cic., the historians, and the Vulg.).
    I.
    A.. In designating nearness in respect of persons, with, near: apud ipsum adstas, Att. ap. Non. p. 522, 25:

    adsum apud te, genitor,

    id. ib. p. 522, 32:

    alteram (partem) apud me adponito,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 3, 60:

    nunc hic apud te servio,

    id. Capt. 2, 2, 62:

    scriptorum non magnast copia apud me,

    Cat. 68, 33 Mull.:

    mane apud me,

    Vulg. Gen. 29, 19:

    Advocatum habemus apud Patrem,

    ib. 1 Joan. 2, 1:

    cum in lecto Crassus esset et apud eum Sulpicius sederet,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 3, 12; so id. Pis. 26, and id. Rep. 3, 28.—
    B.
    Esp.
    1.
    a.. With a pron. or subst., apud me, te, se, aliquem, etc., with me, in my house, etc., in one's house, at the house of a person; Fr. chez moi, chez vous, chez soi, etc.:

    Quis heri apud te? Naev., Com. Rel. p. 9 Rib.: dico eum esse apud me,

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 2, 15; 4, 2, 73:

    hic apud me hortum confodere jussi,

    id. Aul. 2, 2, 66:

    si commodumst, apud me, sis, volo,

    Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 110:

    condixerant cenam apud me, Turp., Com. Rel. p. 108 Rib.: quid nunc virgo? Nempe apud test?

    Plaut. Trin. 1, 2, 159:

    Quid sibi volunt homines isti apud te?

    Vulg. Num. 22, 9; ib. Matt. 26, 18:

    cenabis bene apud me,

    Cat. 13, 1:

    apud me habitavit,

    Cic. Clu. 33; id. Verr. 4, 111; 5, 77:

    apud te cenavit,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 58; id. Verr. 4, 49; id. Cael. 26; id. Deiot. 32:

    in curia posita potius quam rure apud te, Titin., Com. Rel. p. 142 Rib.: mane apud me etiam hodie,

    Vulg. Jud. 19, 9:

    tenet intus apud se,

    Lucil. 9, 59 Mull.:

    Pompeius petiit, ut secum et apud se essem cotidie,

    Cic. Att. 5, 6:

    apud se fecit manere,

    Vulg. Jud. 19, 7; ib. Luc. 11, 37:

    de gladiis, quae apud ipsum erant deprehensa,

    Cic. Cat. 3, 10:

    Cum postridie apud eundem ventum exspectans manerem,

    id. Phil. 1, 8:

    mansit apud eum quattuor mensibus,

    Vulg. Jud. 19, 2; ib. Act. 28, 14:

    apud quem deversatus es,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 37: apud nympham Calypsonem, Liv. And. ap. Prisc. p. 685 (cf. Hom. Od. 4, 557: Numphês en megaroisi Kalupsous):

    habitasti apud Heium Messanae,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 18; id. Cael. 51:

    Fuisti apud Laecam illa nocte,

    id. Cat. 1, 4, 9; id. de Or. 1, 22, 104; id. Att. 1, 8:

    apud Ostorium Scapulam epulatur,

    Tac. A. 14, 48:

    apud Cornelium Primum juxta Velabrum delituit,

    id. H. 3, 74; 1, 14:

    Factum est, ut moraretur apud Simonem quendam,

    Vulg. Act. 9, 43:

    invenient hominem apud sororem tuam occultantem se,

    Cic. Dom. 83:

    qui apud te esset eductus,

    id. Quinct. 69:

    apud quem erat educatus,

    id. Lael. 20, 75:

    cum alter ejus filius apud matrem educaretur,

    id. Clu. 27:

    disciplina C. Cassii, apud quem educatus erat,

    Tac. A. 15, 52:

    se apud Q. Mucium jus civile didicisse,

    id. Or. 30:

    apud eosdem magistratus institutus,

    Suet. Calig. 24:

    servorum manus tamquam apud senem festinantes,

    Tac. H. 1, 7:

    in convivio apud regem,

    id. A. 2, 57: Bene vale;

    apud Orcum te videbo,

    in the abode of Orcus, Plaut. As. 3, 3, 16:

    sacrificasse apud deos, i. e. in templis deorum,

    Tac. A. 11, 27:

    frater apud Othonem militans,

    in the army of Otho, id. H. 2, 26; so,

    nec solum apud Caecinam (cognoscebatur id damnum composuisse),

    id. ib. 2, 27:

    quorum sint legati apud se,

    in his camp, Caes. B. G. 4, 8; cf.:

    Quos cum apud se in castris Ariovistus conspexisset,

    id. ib. 1, 47:

    dici hoc potest, Apud portitores eas (litteras) resignatas sibi,

    at the custom-house, Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 64; 3, 3, 80:

    Quantillum argenti mihi apud trapezitam siet,

    at the banker's, id. Capt. 1, 2, 90:

    duo genera materiarum apud rhetoras tractantur, i. e. in scholis rhetorum, as he says just before,

    Tac. Or. 35.—Apud me etc. is sometimes added to domi or in aedibus, or interchanges with domi: Me. Ubi namst, quaeso? Ch. Apud me domi, Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 21:

    a me insidias apud me domi positas esse dixerunt,

    Cic. Sest. 41:

    domi esse apud sese archipiratas dixit duos,

    id. Verr. 5, 73; so Vulg. Gen. 27, 15:

    quae (signa) cognovi apud istum in aedibus,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 50:

    esse illa signa domi suae, non esse apud Verrem,

    id. ib. 4, 16:

    nihil apud hanc lautum, pistor domi nullus,

    id. Pis. 67; id. Clu. 165.—Hence,
    b.
    Trop.: apud se esse, to be at home, i. e. to be in one's senses, be one's self, be sane (only in conversational lang.; most freq. in Ter.; cf. Gr. en heautôi einai, Ar. Vesp. 642; opp. vecors, amens esse, to be out of one's wits, beside one's self; so Gr. phrenôn exestanai, Eur. Or. 1021):

    Sumne ego apud me?

    Plaut. Mil. 4, 8, 36:

    Non sum apud me,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 4, 26, and Afran., Com. Rel, p. 170 Rib.:

    Prae iracundia, Menedeme, non sum apud me,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 1, 48:

    Vix sum apud me: ita animus commotust metu, spe, gaudio,

    id. And. 5, 4, 34:

    Num tibi videtur esse apud sese?

    id. Hec. 4, 4, 85 (quasi ob amorem meretricis insanus, Don.):

    proin tu fac, apud te ut sies,

    id. And. 2, 4, 5 (= ut praeparatus sis, Don.); Petr. 129.—
    2.
    In respect of persons, in whose presence or before whom any thing is done or takes place, esp. of discussions or debates in which the persons have the right of decision (Web. Uebungsch. p. 33), before, in the presence of, = coram, ad.
    a.
    Of civil or military affairs, before:

    cum res agatur apud praetorem populi Romani et apud severissimos judices,

    Cic. Arch. 3:

    apud eosdem judices reus est factus,

    id. Clu. 22, 59:

    vis de his judicari apud me?

    Vulg. Act. 25, 9:

    accusavit fratres suos apud patrem,

    ib. Gen. 37, 2; ib. 1 Macc. 7, 6; ib. Joan. 5, 45:

    hoc, quod nunc apud pontifices agis,

    Cic. Dom. 51; 117:

    istud ne apud eum quidem dictatorem quisquam egit isto modo,

    id. Lig. 12:

    qui hanc causam aliquotiens apud te egit,

    id. Quinct. 30; so id. Verr. 2, 100; 3, 114; id. Caecin. 69; id. Sest. 120:

    (populus Romanus) mihi potestatem apud se agendi dedit,

    id. Verr. 5, 173: Repulsior secunda collatione dixit Cato in ea, quae est contra Cornelium apud populum, Paul. ex Fest. p. 286 Mull.:

    tutoresne defendent apud istius modi praetorem?

    Cic. Verr. 1, 153; id. Clu. 126: apud te cum sim defensurus me, Vulg. Act. [p. 146] 26, 2:

    omnia apud praetores gererentur,

    Tac. Or. 38:

    causam nescio quam apud judicem defendebat,

    Cic. Clu. 74; so Tac. A. 3, 12; id. Or. 19:

    apud te defendit alium in ea voluntate non fuisse, in qua te,

    Cic. Lig. 6:

    apud judicem causam dicere,

    id. Quinct. 43; id. Verr. 1, 26; id. Sex. Rosc. 85:

    apud aliquem dicere,

    id. Lig. 6; id. Deiot. 4:

    verba apud senatum fecit,

    id. Verr. 2, 2, 20:

    habita apud senatum oratione,

    Tac. A. 12, 25; 6, 8:

    haec apud patres disseruit,

    id. ib. 2, 43; 4, 2;

    4, 6: modeste apud vos socius populi Romani questus est,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 18:

    Quae est ergo apud Caesarem querella?

    id. Lig. 25:

    isne apud vos obtinebit causam, qui etc.,

    id. Caecin. 38:

    petita multa est apud eum praetorem,

    id. Verr. 1, 155:

    causam contra aliquem apud centumviros dicere,

    id. de Or. 2, 23, 98; Tac. Or. 38:

    numerus oratorum quot annis apud magistratus publice subscribitur,

    Cic. Verr. 3, 120:

    apud eorum quem qui manumitteretur,

    Liv. 41, 9: apud proconsules aliquem manumittere, Marcian. ap. Dig. 1, 162.—
    b.
    In extra judicial cases, before:

    apud hunc confessus es et genus etc.,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 3, 52:

    nullam causam dico, quin mihi Et parentum et libertatis apud te deliquio siet,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 93:

    apud erum qui (servos) vera loquitur,

    id. Am. 2, 1, 43:

    apud novercam querere,

    id. Ps. 1, 3, 80:

    ego apud parentem loquor,

    Cic. Lig. 30:

    plura fateri apud amicos,

    Tac. A. 14, 62:

    aliquid apud aliquem laudare,

    Cic. Att. 2, 25; Tac. A. 13, 46; so Vulg. Gen. 12, 15:

    aliquem apud aliquos vituperare,

    Cic. Phil. 2, 11:

    apud quem tu etiam nos criminari soles,

    id. Vatin. 29.—
    c.
    Of one's feelings, views, judgment, with, in the view or sight of, before.
    (α).
    With verbs:

    apud Tenedios sanctissimus deus habetur,

    Cic. Fl. 61; id. Verr. 1, 49:

    quod apud illos amplissimum sacerdotium putatur,

    id. ib. 2, 126;

    1, 69: si tutoris auctoritas apud te ponderis nihil habebat,

    id. ib. 2, 55; id. Planc. 4:

    apud judicem grave et sanctum esse ducetur,

    id. Q. Rosc. 6:

    Quae omnia apud nos partim infamia... ponuntur, Nep. praef. 5: justificatur apud Deum,

    Vulg. Gal. 3, 11:

    haec apud illos barbatos ridicula videbantur,

    Cic. Mur. 26; id. Dom. 101:

    unus dies apud Dominum (est) sicut mille anni, et mille anni sicut dies unus,

    Vulg. 2 Pet. 3, 8.—
    (β).
    With adjj.:

    fuisti apud pontifices superior,

    Cic. Dom. 4:

    qui honos est apud Syracusanos amplissimus,

    id. Verr. 4, 137; id. Font. 36:

    quam clara (expugnatio) apud omnes,

    id. Verr. 1, 50; 2, 50:

    Satis clarus est apud timentem quisquis timetur,

    Tac. H. 2, 76; id. Or. 7:

    hoc est apud Graecos prope gloriosius quam Romae triumphasse,

    Cic. Fl. 31; Tac. H. 5, 17:

    quod aeque apud bonos miserum est,

    id. ib. 1, 29:

    quae justa sunt apud nos,

    Vulg. 1 Macc. 11, 33; ib. Rom. 2, 13:

    tunc eritis inculpabiles apud Dominum,

    ib. Num. 32, 22:

    si is pretio apud istum idoneus esset,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 121.—
    (γ).
    With substt.:

    est tanta apud eos ejus fani religio atque antiquitas, ut etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 46:

    tanta nominis Romani dignitas est apud omnes nationes, ut etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 150:

    qua (hic) apud omnes Siculos dignitate atque existimatione sit,

    id. ib. 2, 111:

    Dymnus modicae apud regem auctoritatis et gratiae,

    Curt. 6, 72:

    abominatio est uterque apud Deum,

    Vulg. Prov. 17, 15.—Apud animum, apud animum meum, etc. sometimes stand for mihi, mecum, etc., or simply animo: Ea tute tibi subice et apud animum propone, before your mind, before you, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5:

    ipsi primum statuerint apud animos, quid vellent,

    Liv. 6, 39, 11:

    Sic apud animum meum statuo,

    Sall. de Ord. Rep. 2:

    sic statuere apud animum meum possum,

    Liv. 34, 2, 4.—So with pers. pron. in Vulg. after the Greek: haec apud se (pros heauton) oravit, within himself, to himself, Luc. 18, 11: Sciens apud semet ipsum (en heautôi), in himself, Joan. 6, 62: statui hoc ipsum apud me (emautôi), ne etc., with myself, 2 Cor. 2, 1; so, hoc cogitet apud se (eph heautou), ib. 10, 7.—
    d.
    And simply before, in the presence of:

    id apud vos proloquar,

    Plaut. Capt. prol. 6:

    nemo est meorum amicorum, apud quem expromere omnia mea occulta audeam,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 14:

    se jactant apud eos, quos inviti vident,

    Cic. Fl. 61:

    licet mihi, Marce fili, apud te gloriari, ad quem etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 22, 78: de vobis glorior apud Macedones, Vulg. 2 Cor. 9, 2:

    plus quam apud vos commemorari velitis,

    Cic. Caecin. 77:

    non apud indoctos loquor,

    id. Pis. 68:

    ostendit, quae quisque de eo apud se dixerit,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 19:

    quid apud magnum loquerentur Achillem,

    Ov. M. 12, 163:

    neque raro neque apud paucos talia jaciebat,

    Tac. A. 4, 7:

    loqui de se apud aliquem,

    Cic. Att. 1, 3:

    mentiri apud aliquem,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 1, 24:

    apud aliquem profiteri,

    Curt. 7, 7, 24:

    Non est nobis haec oratio habenda apud imperitam multitudinem,

    Cic. Mur. 61:

    Caesar apud milites contionatur,

    Caes. B. C. 1, 7:

    gratias agere alicui apud aliquem,

    Cic. Sest. 4; so Tac. A. 15, 22:

    si quid (in me) auctoritatis est, apud eos utar, qui etc.,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 2; so id. Lig. 16, and id. Red. in Sen. 24:

    Quae fundebat apud Samson lacrimas,

    Vulg. Jud. 14, 16.—
    3.
    Of a person with whom, in whose case something is, exists, is done, with, in the case of, often = in with abl.:

    quom apud te parum stet fides,

    Plaut. Ps. 1, 5, 62:

    Et bene apud memores veteris stat gratia facti,

    Verg. A. 4, 539:

    At fides mihi apud hunc est,

    Ter. Heaut. 3, 3, 10: De. Quid est? Ch. Itan parvam mihi fidem esse apud te? id. Phorm. 5, 3, 27:

    ut apud me praemium esse positum pietati scias,

    id. Hec. 4, 2, 8:

    alioqui mercedem non habebitis apud Patrem vestrum,

    Vulg. Matt. 6, 1:

    illa res quantam declarat ejusdem hominis apud hostes populi Romani auctoritatem,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 46:

    (eum) Aeduorum auctoritatem apud omnes Belgas amplificaturum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 14:

    si M. Petrei non summa auctoritas apud milites exstitisset,

    Cic. Sest. 12:

    Pompei auctoritas apud omnes tanta est. quanta etc.,

    id. Fl. 14; id. Phil. 13, 7:

    ecquid auctoritatis apud vos socii populi Romani habere debeant,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 17; so id. Verr. 2, 14; id. Mur 38:

    (servi) apud eum sunt in honore et pretio,

    id. Sex. Rosc. 77; id. Verr. 5, 157; id. Cat. 3, 2:

    videmus quanta sit in invidia quantoque in odio apud quosdam virtus et industria,

    id. Verr. 5, 181:

    quo majore apud vos odio esse debet quam etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 42:

    domi splendor, apud exteras nationes nomen et gratia,

    id. Clu. 154; id. Mur. 38:

    Dumnorigem, magna apud plebem gratia,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

    tanti ejus apud se gratiam esse ostendit, uti etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 20:

    certe apud te et hos, qui tibi adsunt, veritas valebit,

    Cic. Quinct. 5; id. Div. in Caecil. 17; id. Lig. 30; id. Marcell. 14; id. Mil. 34:

    utrum apud eos pudor atque officium aut timor valeret,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 40:

    apud quem ut multum gratia valeret,

    Nep. Con. 2, 1:

    video apud te causas valere plus quam preces,

    Cic. Lig. 31; so id. Lael. 4, 13, and Tac. H. 3, 36:

    quod apud vos plurimum debebit valere,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 11; so Caes. B. G. 1, 17, and Tac. H. 4, 73:

    qui tantum auctoritate apud suos cives potuit, ut etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 113:

    speravit sese apud tales viros aliquid posse ad etc.,

    id. Sex. Rosc. 141:

    (eum) apud finitimas civitates largiter posse,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 18:

    quae (pecunia) apud me contra fidem meam nihil potuisset,

    Cic. Verr. 1, 19:

    quae (memoria) plus apud eum possit quam salus civitatis,

    id. Phil. 5, 51; id. Verr. 3, 131:

    qui apud eum plurimum poterat,

    id. ib. 3, 130:

    qui apud me et amicitia et beneficiis et dignitate plurimum possunt,

    id. Sex. Rosc. 4; so Caes. B. G. 1, 9.—So very rarely with adjj.:

    faciles sunt preces apud eos, qui etc.,

    Cic. Har. Resp. 63:

    nihil me turpius apud homines fuisset,

    id. Att. 2, 19:

    apud quos miserum auxilium tolerabile miserius malum fecit,

    Cels. 3, 23.—
    4.
    Of persons, of inhabitants of cities or countries, among whom one is, or something is, is done or happens, among = inter:

    CONSOL. QVEI. FVIT. APVD. VOS., Epit. Scip. ap. Grotef. Gr. II. p. 296: homines apud nos noti, inter suos nobiles,

    Cic. Fl. 52:

    Ut vos hic, itidem ille apud vos meus servatur filius,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 11; 2, 2, 62:

    qui (colonus) perigrinatur apud vos,

    Vulg. Exod. 12, 49:

    qui regnabat apud vos,

    ib. 1 Macc. 12, 7; ib. Matt. 13, 56; ib. Luc. 9, 41:

    si iste apud eos quaestor non fuisset,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 4; 65:

    Apud eos fuisse regem Divitiacum,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4; 2, 2:

    qui (praetores) apud illos a populo creantur,

    Cic. Fl. 44:

    apud quos consul fuerat,

    id. Div. in Caecil. 66; id. Verr. 2, 5; 4, 108:

    apud inferos illi antiqui supplicia impiis constituta esse voluerunt,

    id. Cat. 4, 8; id. Tusc. 1, 5, 10; so Vulg. Eccli. 14, 17: Sunt apud infernos tot milia formosarum, Prop. 3, 2, 63:

    fateri quae quis apud superos distulit in seram commissa piacula mortem,

    Verg. A. 6, 568;

    Vel. 2, 48, 2: studiis militaribus apud juventutem obsoletis,

    Cic. Font. 42:

    qui apud socios nominis Latini censi essent,

    Liv. 41, 9:

    qui apud gentes solus praestat, Naev., Com. Rel. p. 25 Rib.: quae sacra apud omnes gentes nationesque fiunt,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 109:

    id (simulacrum) apud Segestanos positum fuisse,

    id. ib. 4, 80:

    si apud Athenienses non deerant qui rem publicam defenderent,

    id. Sest. 141, and Nep. Milt. 6, 2:

    ille est magistratus apud Siculos, qui etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 131:

    si tu apud Persas deprehensus etc.,

    id. ib. 5, 166:

    Apud Helvetios longe nobilissimus fuit Orgetorix,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 2:

    apud omnes Graecos hic mos est, ut etc.,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 158, and id. Fragm. B. 7, 18 B. and K.:

    quod apud Germanos ea consuetudo esset, ut etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 50:

    aliis Germanorum populis usurpatum raro apud Chattos in consensum vertit,

    Tac. G. 31:

    Cui (mihi) neque apud Danaos usquam locus (est),

    Verg. A. 2, 71:

    apud Nahanarvalos antiquae religionis lucus ostenditur,

    Tac. G. 43; 32; 38; 44; id. H. 4, 56; 4, 61; id. A. 2, 1; 2, 45: apud Graecos magis quam in ceteris nationibus exculta est medicina, Cels. praef. 3, 9.—So of an army, in, with, where in with abl. is commonly used:

    qui apud exercitum cum Lucio Lucullo est,

    in the army under L. Lucullus, Cic. Verr. 4, 49; so id. Arch. 11:

    apud exercitum mihi fueris tot annos,

    id. Mur. 45:

    quod Hannibalem etiam nunc cum imperio apud exercitum haberent,

    in the army with a command, Nep. Hann. 7, 3:

    simul manere apud exercitus Titum utile videbatur,

    Tac. H. 5, 10:

    quod XII. pondo argenti habuisset apud exercitum,

    with his troops, Plin. 33, 4, 50, § 143.—
    5.
    In designating the author of a work or of an assertion, apud aliquem, in, by, in the writings of, any one (the work itself being designated by in with abl.; as, de qua in Catone majore satis multa diximus, Cic. Off. 1, 42, 151:

    Socraiem illum, qui est in Phaedro Platonis,

    id. de Or. 1, 7, 28:

    quo in libro,

    id. ib. 1, 11, 47):

    ut scriptum apud eundem Caelium est,

    Cic. Div. 1, 26, 55:

    apud Xenophontem autem moriens Cyrus major haec dicit,

    id. Sen. 22, 79:

    quod apud Platonem est in philosophos dictum, quod etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 9, 28:

    apud Agathoclem scriptum in historia est,

    id. Div. 1, 24, 50:

    ut est apud poetam nescio quem,

    id. Phil. 2, 65:

    Quod enim est apud Ennium, etc.,

    id. Off. 1, 8, 26:

    de qua (ambitione) praeclare apud eundem est Platonem, simile etc.,

    id. ib. 1, 25, 87:

    Apud Varronem ita est, etc.,

    Plin. 18, 35, 79, § 348:

    ut video scriptum apud Graecos,

    Cic. Scaur. 4:

    invenio apud quosdam auctores,

    Tac. H. 2, 37; so id. A. 1, 81; 3, 3:

    reperio apud scriptores,

    id. ib. 2, 88:

    apud Solonem,

    i. e. in his laws, Cic. Leg. 2, 26, 64:

    cui bono est, si apud te Agamemnon diserte loquitur, i. e. in tragoediis tuis,

    Tac. Or. 9. —Also of speakers:

    apud quosdam acerbior in conviciis narrabatur,

    Tac. Agr. 22.—
    6.
    a.. Est aliquid apud aliquem = est alicui aliquid, apud aliquem being equivalent to dat. of possessor:

    quae (scientia auguralis) mihi videtur apud majores fuisse dupliciter, ut etc.,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 13, 33:

    juris civilis magnum usum apud multos fuisse,

    id. Brut. 41, 152:

    cum apud eum summum esset imperium populi,

    Nep. Phoc. 2, 4:

    omnis gratia, potentia, honos, divitiae apud illos sunt,

    Sall. C. 20, 8:

    par gloria apud Hannibalem hostesque Poenos erat,

    Liv. 22, 30, 8:

    apud quos nulla loricarum galearumve tegmina (erant),

    Tac. A. 12, 35:

    pecuniam ac dona majora apud Romanos (esse),

    id. H. 4, 76:

    minorem esse apud victos animum,

    id. ib. 3, 1;

    2, 75: quando quidem est apud te virtuti honos,

    Liv. 2, 1, 15: Phoebo sua semper apud me Munera sunt, Phoebus has his gifts with me, i. e. I have his gifts for Phoebus, Verg. E. 3, 62; so Hor. C. 3, 29, 5:

    apud te est fons vitae,

    Vulg. Psa. 35, 10:

    apud Dominum (est) misericordia,

    ib. ib. 129, 7.—
    b.
    Est aliquid apud aliquem also simply denotes that something is in one's hands, in his power, at his disposal:

    erat ei apud me pauxillulum Nummorum,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 3:

    negasse habere se (phaleras): apud alium quoque eas habuisse depositas,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 29:

    multa (signa) deposita apud amicos,

    id. ib. 4, 36:

    apud quem inventus est scyphus,

    Vulg. Gen. 44, 16; ib. [p. 147] Exod. 22, 4; ib. Deut. 24, 12.—So also of persons:

    te pix atra agitet apud carnuficem,

    in the hands of, Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 65:

    qui (obsides) apud eum sint,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 31; 1, 33.—
    c.
    Apud aliquem = alicui, the dat. of indir. obj.:

    remanet gloria apud me, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 194 Rib.: nihil apud Siculum, nihil apud civem Romanum tota in Sicilia reliquisse,

    Cic. Verr. 4, 2:

    si (cura rei publicae) apud Othonem relinqueretur,

    Tac. H. 1, 13; 1, 20:

    qui judicia manere apud ordinem Senatorium volunt,

    Cic. Div. in Caecil. 8:

    neque praemia caedis apud interfectorem mansura,

    Tac. H. 2, 70; id. A. 15, 7:

    fidens apud aliquem obligare,

    Dig. 16, 1, 27.—So rarely with adjj.:

    Essetne apud te is servos acceptissimus?

    Plaut. Capt. 3, 5, 56:

    non dicam amicum tuum, quod apud homines carissimum est,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 110:

    apud publicanos gratiosus fuisti,

    id. ib. 2, 169; 4, 38; id. Fl. 76; id. Lig. 31: Apud homines hoc impossibile est;

    apud Deum autem omnia possibilia sunt,

    Vulg. Matt. 19, 26; ib. Marc. 10, 27.
    II.
    Transf. In designations of place,
    A.
    At, near, about, around, before (esp. freq. in the post-Aug. histt.) = ad, prope, circum, ante: tibi servi multi apud mensam adstant, Naev. ap. Prisc. p. 893 P. (Com. Rel. p. 10 Rib.):

    verecundari neminem apud mensam decet,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 77:

    Quid apud hasce aedis negotii est tibi?

    id. Am. 1, 1, 194:

    Quid illisce homines quaerunt apud aedis meas?

    id. Most. 4, 2, 26; id. Trin. 4, 2, 25: apud ignem adsidere, Turp. ap. Non. p. 522, 26 (Com. Rel. p. 100 Rib.); Sisenn. ap. Non. p. 86, 16:

    navem is fregit apud Andrum insulam,

    Ter. And. 1, 3, 17:

    apud Tenedum pugna illa navalis,

    Cic. Arch. 21:

    ut apud Salamina classem suam constituerent,

    Nep. Them. 3, 4:

    apud oppidum morati,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 7:

    agri in Hispania apud Karthaginem Novam,

    Cic. Agr. 1, 5:

    bellatum apud Actium,

    Tac. H. 1, 1; 1, 72; 3, 76:

    Pugnabant alii tardis apud Ilion armis,

    Ov. R. Am. 163:

    morabatur in castris apud Galgalam,

    Vulg. Jos. 10, 6:

    quidquid apud durae cessatum est moenia Trojae,

    Verg. A. 11, 288:

    apud vetustam turrem, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 189 Rib.: apud castellum consedisse,

    Tac. A. 4, 25:

    Vitellianos, sua quemque apud signa, componunt,

    id. H. 3, 35:

    apud vexillum tendentes,

    id. A. 1, 17:

    trepidatur apud naves,

    id. H. 2, 15:

    hostis est non apud Anienem, sed in urbe,

    Cic. Mur. 84; id. Fam. 2, 10, 5:

    quam detraxerat apud rapidum Simoenta sub Ilio alto,

    Verg. A. 5, 261:

    apud abunaantem amnem et rapidas undas Inachi, Att., Trag. Rel. p. 175 Rib.: apud gelidi flumina Hebri,

    Verg. A. 12, 331:

    octo apud Rhenum legiones,

    Tac. A. 1, 3:

    apud ripam Rheni,

    id. ib. 2, 83:

    probavi te apud Aquam Contradictionis,

    Vulg. Psa. 80, 8:

    repertus apud fretum Siciliae,

    Tac. A. 6, 14:

    propitiata Juno apud proximum mare,

    id. ib. 15, 44:

    apud promunturium Miseni consedit in villa,

    id. ib. 6, 50:

    Ut aput nivem et ferarum gelida stabula forem, for in nive etc.,

    Cat. 63, 53 Mull.:

    apud altaria deum pepigere,

    before, Tac. A. 11, 9:

    decernuntur supplicationes apud omnia pulvinaria,

    id. ib. 14, 12 (cf.:

    unum diem circa omnia pulvinaria supplicatio fuit,

    Liv. 41, 9):

    apud Caesaris effigiem procubuit,

    Tac. A. 12, 17; 13, 23:

    quartum apud lapidem substiterat,

    id. ib. 15, 60:

    laudavit ipse apud rostra (for pro rostris),

    Tac. A. 16, 6; so, apud forum (cf.: ad forum under ad, I. A. 3., and in Gr. Sophocl. Trach. 371, pros mesêi agorai;

    on the other hand,

    id. ib. 423, en mesêi agorai; id. ib. 524, têlaugei par ochthôi): Quidam apud forum mihi vendidit, Pomp., Com. Rel. p. 250 Rib.: Ch. Qui scis? By. Apud forum modo e Davo audivi, Ter. And. 2, 1, 2; 1, 5, 18:

    Capuae multa apud forum aedificia de caelo tacta,

    Liv. 41, 9 (Weissenb., in foro):

    quod (templum) apud forum holitorium C. Duilius struxerat,

    Tac. A. 2, 49.—
    B.
    At, in = in with abl. or gen. or abl. of place: CONSVLES SENATVM CONSOLVERVNT N. OCTOB. APVD AEDEM DVELONAI, S. C. de Bacch. I.; so,

    ejus statuam majores apud aedem matris deum consecravisse,

    Tac. A. 4, 64:

    apud villam est,

    Ter. Ad. 4, 1, 1; so Cic. Verr. 4, 22, 48:

    Eum argentum sumpsisse apud Thebas ab danista fenore,

    Plaut. Ep. 2, 2, 67:

    deponere apud Solos in delubro pecuniam,

    Cic. Leg. 2, 16, 40:

    ut rationes apud duas civitates possim relinquere,

    id. Att. 6, 7, 2: qui mense Aprili apud Baias essent, id. Fragm. B. 13, 4, 1 B. and K.;

    13, 4, 4 iid.: seditio militum coepta apud Sucronem,

    Liv. 28, 29:

    donum apud Antium statuitur,

    Tac. A. 3, 71:

    bellis civilibus Maecenatem equestris ordinis cunctis apud Romam atque Italiam praeposuit,

    id. ib. 6, 11:

    Titus in consecrando apud Memphim bove Apide diadema gestavit,

    Suet. Tit. 5:

    quod Judaeam praeterveniens apud Hierosolymam non supplicasset,

    id. Aug. 93:

    apud Mediolanum,

    Lact. Mort. Persec. 48:

    eum pugionem apud Capitolium consecravit,

    Tac. A. 15, 74:

    Equitum Romanorum locos sedilibus plebis anteposuit apud Circum,

    id. ib. 15, 32:

    quae (effigies) apud theatrum Pompei locaretur,

    id. ib. 3, 72:

    qui (rei) apud aerarium pependissent,

    Suet. Dom. 9 Roth:

    cujus (scientiae) apiscendae otium apud Rhodum magistrum Thrasullum habuit,

    Tac. A. 6, 20; 4, 14; so Suet. Aug. 92; Eutr. 7, 13:

    ut civitati Cibyraticae apud Asiam subveniretur,

    Tac. A. 4, 13; 4, 18; 16, 15:

    apud Pharsaliam,

    Liv. Epit. 111:

    apud Palaestinam,

    Eutr. 7, 13:

    qui erant apud Helladam,

    Vulg. 1 Macc. 8, 9. —
    III.
    Of time.
    A.
    With words denoting time or occasion, in, at (rare):

    apud saeclum prius,

    Ter. Eun. 2, 2, 15:

    aliquem apud judicium persequi,

    at the trial, Cic. Verr. 4, 104.—
    B.
    With words designating persons, with, among, in the time of:

    hostis apud majores nostros is dicebatur, quem nunc etc.,

    Cic. Off. 1, 12, 36:

    fecerunt hoc multi apud majores nostros,

    id. Verr. 2, 118; 5, 148:

    Fuit eodem ex studio vir eruditus apud patres nostros,

    id. Mur. 36; id. Off. 2, 24, 85; id. Lael. 2, 6:

    Apud antiquos fuit Petron quidam, Cels. praef. 3, 9: aliam apud Fabricios, aliam apud Scipiones pecuniam (fuisse),

    Tac. A. 2, 33.—
    IV.
    For ad with words implying motion (very rare):

    APVT EVM PERVENIRE,

    Inscr. Grut. 786, 5:

    atque apud hunc eo vicinum,

    Plaut. Mil. 2, 5, 70:

    Bito apud aurificem,

    Lucil. 30, 66 Mull.: apud legiones venit, Sall. Fragm. ap. Pomp. Commod. Don. p. 395 Lind.:

    (naves) apud insulas longius sitas ejectae,

    Tac. A. 2, 24:

    qui apud Romanos de societate functus est legatione,

    Vulg. 2 Macc. 4, 11.
    ► Apud has some peculiarities of position, chiefly in Tac.
    (cf. ad, I. fin. b.)
    a.
    It is sometimes placed after its subst.:

    quae fiunt apud fabros, fictores, item alios apud,

    Varr. L. L. 6, 78, p. 104 Mull.:

    Is locus est Cumas aput,

    Lucr. 6, 747 Lachm.:

    montem apud Erycum,

    Tac. A. 4, 43:

    ripam apud Euphratis,

    id. ib. 6, 31:

    Misenum apud et Ravennam,

    id. ib. 4, 5 (in Suet. Dom. 9 the editt. vary between aerarium apud and apud aerarium; the latter seems preferable, and is adopted by Oudend., Bremi, Baumg.-Crus., and Roth).—
    b.
    It is sometimes placed between the subst. and adj.:

    barbaras apud gentes,

    Tac. A. 2, 88, 3, 26; 15, 60:

    non modo Graecis in urbibus, sed Romana apud templa,

    id. ib. 14, 14.—
    c.
    Twice in Verg. it stands before the secondary adjunct of its subst.:

    apud durae moenia Trojae, A. 11, 288: apud gelidi flumina Hebri,

    ib. 12, 331. Apud is never found in compound words. V. more on this word in Hand, Turs. I. pp. 405-416.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > apud

  • 8 affero

    adfĕro (affĕro), ferre, attŭli (adtŭli), allātum (adlātum) - tr. -    - inf. passif arch. adferrier, Plaut. Aul. 571. [st1]1 [-] apporter, porter à, porter vers.    - candelabrum Romam adferre, Cic. Verr. 4, 64: apporter un candélabre à Rome.    - Socrati orationem adferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 231: apporter un discours à Socrate.    - scyphos ad praetorem adferre, Cic Verr. 4, 32: apporter des coupes au préteur.    - tamquam vento adlatae naves, Liv. 44, 20, 7: vaisseaux pour ainsi dire apportés par le vent.    - afferre se (afferri), Virg.: se rendre, se diriger, s'avancer.    - afferre pedem, Cat.: se rendre, se diriger, s'avancer.    - aliquid ad aliquem (alicui) adferre: apporter qqch à qqn.    - adferre litteras ad aliquem (adferre litteras alicui), Cic.: apporter une lettre à qqn.    - nimium raro nobis abs te litterae adferuntur, Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1: on m'apporte trop rarement des lettres de toi.    - nuntium alicui adferre, Cic. Amer. 19: apporter une nouvelle à qqn.    - adfertur ei de quarta nuntius, Cic. Phil. 13, 19: on lui apporte la nouvelle concernant la quatrième légion.    - crebri ad eum rumores adferebantur, Caes. BG. 2, 1, 1: des bruits fréquents lui parvenaient.    - ego jussero cadum unum vini veteris a me adferrier, Plaut. Aul. 571: je te ferai porter de chez moi un tonneau de vin vieux. [st1]2 [-] apporter une nouvelle, annoncer.    - quietae res ex Volscis adferebantur, Liv. 6, 30, 7: on annonçait que les Volsques se tenaient tranquilles.    - quicquid huc erit a Pompeio adlatum, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 5: toutes les nouvelles qu'on apportera ici de Pompée.    - nuntiarunt caedem consulis adlatam aegre tulisse regem, Liv. 22, 37, 2: ils annoncèrent que le roi avait supporté avec peine la nouvelle de la mort du consul.    - alii majorem adferentes tumultum nuntii occurrunt, Liv. 27, 33, 1: d'autres messagers se présentent à lui, apportant la nouvelle d'un trouble plus grand (plus alarmant).    - cum mihi de Q. Hortensii morte esset adlatum, Cic. Br. 1: comme la nouvelle m'avait été apportée de la mort d'Hortensius.    - adferre + prop. inf.: annoncer que, rapporter que.    - ita Caelius ad illam adtulit se aurum quaerere, Cic. Cael. 53: Caelius lui annonça qu'il cherchait de l'or.    - nuntii adferebant male rem gerere Darium, Nep. Milt. 3, 3: les messagers annonçaient que Darius n'était pas heureux dans son expédition.    - novos hostes consilia cum veteribus jungere haud incertis auctoribus Romam est adlatum, Liv. 4, 45, 3: on annonça à Rome de source certaine que de nouveaux ennemis faisaient cause commune avec les anciens.    - pro comperto adtulit Achmos statuisse progredi, Liv. 35, 29, 9: il annonça comme une nouvelle certaine que les Achéens avaient décidé de marcher de l'avant.    - adferre ut + subj.: apporter l’ordre de.    - ab Carthagine adlatum est ut Hasdrubal in Italiam exercitum duceret, Liv. 23, 27, 9: de Carthage l'ordre vint qu'Hasdrubal conduisît son armée en Italie. [st1]3 [-] porter sur, porter contre.    - vim alicui adferre, Cic. Pomp. 39: faire violence à qqn.    - manus alienis bonis adferre, Cic. Off. 2, 54: porter la main sur les biens d'autrui.    - manus alicui adferre, Cic. Quinct. 85: se livrer à des actes de violence sur qqn.    - beneficio suo manus adfert, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 3: il enlève à son bienfait tout son prix.    - adferre sibi manus, Cic.: se tuer de sa propre main. [st1]4 [-] apporter en plus; apporter à mettre à.    - ita ut, quantum tuis operibus diuturnitas detrahet, tantum adferat laudibus, Cic. Marc. 12: en sorte que, tout ce que le temps enlèvera à ton oeuvre, il l'ajoutera à ta gloire.    - adferre non minus ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis, Cic. Mur. 4: apporter à sa plaidoirie non moins d'autorité que de talent.    - quicquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, Cic. Off. 1, 155: quels que soient les services que j'ai rendus à l'état. [st1]5 [-] apporter (une preuve, un exemple, une raison); alléguer, dire.    - testimonium adferre: produire un témoignage.    - argumentum adferre: apporter une preuve.    - exemplum adferre: donner un exemple.    - rationem adferre: donner une raison.    - rationes, cur hoc ita sit, afferre, Cic. Fin. 5: expliquer pourquoi il en est ainsi.    - ad ea quae dixi, adfer si quid habes, Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4: en réponse à ce que je t'ai dit, donne-moi ce que tu sais.    - aliquid (multa) adferre, cur (quamobrem): apporter un argument, beaucoup d'arguments pour prouver que.    - quid adferre potest, quamobrem voluptas sit summum bonum? Cic. de Or. 3, 78: quel argument peut-il apporter pour prouver que le plaisir est le souverain bien?    - cur credam, adferre possum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 70: je puis donner la raison de ma croyance.    - quid adferri potest cur non casu id evenerit? Cic. Div. 2: comment peut-on prouver que cela n'est pas dû au hasard?    - adfer, quem Fabiano possis praeponere, Sen. Ep. 100, 9: cite qui tu pourrais préférer à Fabianus.    - avec quod, ce fait que: firmissimum hoc adferri videtur, cur deos esse credamus, quod... Cic. Tusc. 1, 30: la preuve la plus forte, à ce qu'il semble, qu'on produise pour justifier la croyance en l'existence des dieux, c'est que...    - avec prop. inf.: adfers in extis cor non fuisse, Cic. Div. 2, 36: tu dis que dans les entrailles de la victime le coeur manquait. [st1]6 [-] apporter, occasionner; contribuer à, aider à.    - delectationem, dolorem, luctum, metum, spem: apporter du plaisir, de la douleur, le deuil, la crainte, l'espoir.    - adferre pacem, bellum, Cic. Phil. 6, 17: apporter la paix, la guerre.    - cladem populo Romano, multas alicui lacrimas adferre, Cic. Nat. 2, 8: être la cause d'un désastre pour le peuple romain, de bien des larmes pour qqn.    - videri proelium defugisse magnum detrimentum adferebat, Caes. BC. 1, 82, 2: paraître avoir esquivé la bataille causait un grand préjudice.    - negat diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre, Cic. Fin. 2, 87: il prétend que la durée ne contribue en rien au bonheur de la vie.    - hic numerus nihil adfert aliud nisi ut... Cic. Or. 170: ce rythme ne contribue à rien d'autre qu'à faire que...    - quid loci natura adferre potest, ut... Cic. Fat. 8: quelle influence déterminante le climat peut-il avoir, pour faire que... ? [st1]7 [-] rapporter, produire, rendre.    - agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt, Cic. Off. 1, 15: les terres fertiles qui produisent beaucoup plus de grain qu'on ne leur en a confié.    - talis ager post longam desidiam laetas segetes affert, Col. 2: une telle terre, après un long repos, produit une abondante moisson.    - plantae sinapis prima hieme translatae plus cymae vere adferunt, Col. 11: les pieds de sénevé, transplantés au commencement de l'hiver, produisent au printemps une cime plus développée.    - au fig. magnum proventum poetarum annus hic attulit, Plin. Ep. 1, 13: cette année a produit une abondante moisson de poètes.
    * * *
    adfĕro (affĕro), ferre, attŭli (adtŭli), allātum (adlātum) - tr. -    - inf. passif arch. adferrier, Plaut. Aul. 571. [st1]1 [-] apporter, porter à, porter vers.    - candelabrum Romam adferre, Cic. Verr. 4, 64: apporter un candélabre à Rome.    - Socrati orationem adferre, Cic. de Or. 1, 231: apporter un discours à Socrate.    - scyphos ad praetorem adferre, Cic Verr. 4, 32: apporter des coupes au préteur.    - tamquam vento adlatae naves, Liv. 44, 20, 7: vaisseaux pour ainsi dire apportés par le vent.    - afferre se (afferri), Virg.: se rendre, se diriger, s'avancer.    - afferre pedem, Cat.: se rendre, se diriger, s'avancer.    - aliquid ad aliquem (alicui) adferre: apporter qqch à qqn.    - adferre litteras ad aliquem (adferre litteras alicui), Cic.: apporter une lettre à qqn.    - nimium raro nobis abs te litterae adferuntur, Cic. Att. 1, 9, 1: on m'apporte trop rarement des lettres de toi.    - nuntium alicui adferre, Cic. Amer. 19: apporter une nouvelle à qqn.    - adfertur ei de quarta nuntius, Cic. Phil. 13, 19: on lui apporte la nouvelle concernant la quatrième légion.    - crebri ad eum rumores adferebantur, Caes. BG. 2, 1, 1: des bruits fréquents lui parvenaient.    - ego jussero cadum unum vini veteris a me adferrier, Plaut. Aul. 571: je te ferai porter de chez moi un tonneau de vin vieux. [st1]2 [-] apporter une nouvelle, annoncer.    - quietae res ex Volscis adferebantur, Liv. 6, 30, 7: on annonçait que les Volsques se tenaient tranquilles.    - quicquid huc erit a Pompeio adlatum, Cic. Fam. 7, 17, 5: toutes les nouvelles qu'on apportera ici de Pompée.    - nuntiarunt caedem consulis adlatam aegre tulisse regem, Liv. 22, 37, 2: ils annoncèrent que le roi avait supporté avec peine la nouvelle de la mort du consul.    - alii majorem adferentes tumultum nuntii occurrunt, Liv. 27, 33, 1: d'autres messagers se présentent à lui, apportant la nouvelle d'un trouble plus grand (plus alarmant).    - cum mihi de Q. Hortensii morte esset adlatum, Cic. Br. 1: comme la nouvelle m'avait été apportée de la mort d'Hortensius.    - adferre + prop. inf.: annoncer que, rapporter que.    - ita Caelius ad illam adtulit se aurum quaerere, Cic. Cael. 53: Caelius lui annonça qu'il cherchait de l'or.    - nuntii adferebant male rem gerere Darium, Nep. Milt. 3, 3: les messagers annonçaient que Darius n'était pas heureux dans son expédition.    - novos hostes consilia cum veteribus jungere haud incertis auctoribus Romam est adlatum, Liv. 4, 45, 3: on annonça à Rome de source certaine que de nouveaux ennemis faisaient cause commune avec les anciens.    - pro comperto adtulit Achmos statuisse progredi, Liv. 35, 29, 9: il annonça comme une nouvelle certaine que les Achéens avaient décidé de marcher de l'avant.    - adferre ut + subj.: apporter l’ordre de.    - ab Carthagine adlatum est ut Hasdrubal in Italiam exercitum duceret, Liv. 23, 27, 9: de Carthage l'ordre vint qu'Hasdrubal conduisît son armée en Italie. [st1]3 [-] porter sur, porter contre.    - vim alicui adferre, Cic. Pomp. 39: faire violence à qqn.    - manus alienis bonis adferre, Cic. Off. 2, 54: porter la main sur les biens d'autrui.    - manus alicui adferre, Cic. Quinct. 85: se livrer à des actes de violence sur qqn.    - beneficio suo manus adfert, Sen. Ben. 2, 5, 3: il enlève à son bienfait tout son prix.    - adferre sibi manus, Cic.: se tuer de sa propre main. [st1]4 [-] apporter en plus; apporter à mettre à.    - ita ut, quantum tuis operibus diuturnitas detrahet, tantum adferat laudibus, Cic. Marc. 12: en sorte que, tout ce que le temps enlèvera à ton oeuvre, il l'ajoutera à ta gloire.    - adferre non minus ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis, Cic. Mur. 4: apporter à sa plaidoirie non moins d'autorité que de talent.    - quicquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, Cic. Off. 1, 155: quels que soient les services que j'ai rendus à l'état. [st1]5 [-] apporter (une preuve, un exemple, une raison); alléguer, dire.    - testimonium adferre: produire un témoignage.    - argumentum adferre: apporter une preuve.    - exemplum adferre: donner un exemple.    - rationem adferre: donner une raison.    - rationes, cur hoc ita sit, afferre, Cic. Fin. 5: expliquer pourquoi il en est ainsi.    - ad ea quae dixi, adfer si quid habes, Cic. Att. 7, 9, 4: en réponse à ce que je t'ai dit, donne-moi ce que tu sais.    - aliquid (multa) adferre, cur (quamobrem): apporter un argument, beaucoup d'arguments pour prouver que.    - quid adferre potest, quamobrem voluptas sit summum bonum? Cic. de Or. 3, 78: quel argument peut-il apporter pour prouver que le plaisir est le souverain bien?    - cur credam, adferre possum, Cic. Tusc. 1, 70: je puis donner la raison de ma croyance.    - quid adferri potest cur non casu id evenerit? Cic. Div. 2: comment peut-on prouver que cela n'est pas dû au hasard?    - adfer, quem Fabiano possis praeponere, Sen. Ep. 100, 9: cite qui tu pourrais préférer à Fabianus.    - avec quod, ce fait que: firmissimum hoc adferri videtur, cur deos esse credamus, quod... Cic. Tusc. 1, 30: la preuve la plus forte, à ce qu'il semble, qu'on produise pour justifier la croyance en l'existence des dieux, c'est que...    - avec prop. inf.: adfers in extis cor non fuisse, Cic. Div. 2, 36: tu dis que dans les entrailles de la victime le coeur manquait. [st1]6 [-] apporter, occasionner; contribuer à, aider à.    - delectationem, dolorem, luctum, metum, spem: apporter du plaisir, de la douleur, le deuil, la crainte, l'espoir.    - adferre pacem, bellum, Cic. Phil. 6, 17: apporter la paix, la guerre.    - cladem populo Romano, multas alicui lacrimas adferre, Cic. Nat. 2, 8: être la cause d'un désastre pour le peuple romain, de bien des larmes pour qqn.    - videri proelium defugisse magnum detrimentum adferebat, Caes. BC. 1, 82, 2: paraître avoir esquivé la bataille causait un grand préjudice.    - negat diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre, Cic. Fin. 2, 87: il prétend que la durée ne contribue en rien au bonheur de la vie.    - hic numerus nihil adfert aliud nisi ut... Cic. Or. 170: ce rythme ne contribue à rien d'autre qu'à faire que...    - quid loci natura adferre potest, ut... Cic. Fat. 8: quelle influence déterminante le climat peut-il avoir, pour faire que... ? [st1]7 [-] rapporter, produire, rendre.    - agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt, Cic. Off. 1, 15: les terres fertiles qui produisent beaucoup plus de grain qu'on ne leur en a confié.    - talis ager post longam desidiam laetas segetes affert, Col. 2: une telle terre, après un long repos, produit une abondante moisson.    - plantae sinapis prima hieme translatae plus cymae vere adferunt, Col. 11: les pieds de sénevé, transplantés au commencement de l'hiver, produisent au printemps une cime plus développée.    - au fig. magnum proventum poetarum annus hic attulit, Plin. Ep. 1, 13: cette année a produit une abondante moisson de poètes.
    * * *
        Affero, pen. corr. affers, attuli, pen. cor. allatum, pen. prod. afferre. Apporter.
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        Afferre ad os cibum manu. Plin. Porter la viande au bec, Appasteler.
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        Afferre se aliquo. Virgil. S'approcher, ou Venir en quelque lieu.
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        Quod ab ipso allatum est, sibi esse id relatum putet. Terent. On luy a faict de tel pain soupe.
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        Negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate viuendum aliquid afferre. Ci. Proficter, ou servir de quelque chose.
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        Nihil afferunt quo iucundius viuamus. Cic. Ne nous aident en rien pour vivre plus joyeusement.
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        Afferre aliquid ad remp. Cic. Aider, Proficter quelque chose au commun.
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        Afferre aliquid ad communem fructum. Cic. Aider, et porter aucun profict aux hommes.
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        Afferre, pro eo quod est nuntiare. Cic. Attulerunt, Caesarem iter habere Capuam. Ils ont apporté les nouvelles que Cesar, etc.
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        Afferre ad aliquem. Cic. Rapporter et dire à aucun.
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        Nihil afferunt, qui in re gerendaversari senectutem negant. Cic. Ils ne dient ou alleguent rien à propos, Ils n'ont raisons qui vaillent.
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        An aetatem afferret? Cic. S'excusera il sur l'aage? Alleguera il l'aage pour excuse?
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        Ad ea quae dixi affer, siquid habes. Cic. Apporte, Ameine, Allegue quelque chose à l'encontre de ce que j'ay dict.
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        Afferre crimen in iudicium. Cic. Proposer un cas de crime à l'encontre de quelcun.
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        Afferre ad defensionem. Cic. Alleguer pour sa defense.
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        Communes vtilitates in medium afferre. Cic. Communiquer, Mettre en commun.
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        Afferre accessionem. Cic. Accroistre et augmenter.
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        Adiumentum alicui ad aliquam rem. Cic. L'aider à faire quelque chose.
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        AEs alienum attulit mihi haec res. Cic. M'a endebté.
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        Amaritudinem. Plin. Faire amer.
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        Animum vacuum ad scribendum. Cic. Avoir l'esprit delivre quand on se met à escrire.
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        Animum alicui. Cic. Donner courage, L'encourager.
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        Argumentum afferunt, quod, etc. Plin. Ils le prouvent par ceste raison, que, etc.
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        Authoritatem. Plin. Cic. Donner reputation et authorité, Faire qu'on soit plus estimé.
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        Calamitatem et cladem. Cic. Apporter dommage irreparable.
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        Causam. Terent. Alleguer raison pourquoy.
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        Causam. Cic. Bailler occasion.
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        Causam mortis. Cic. Donner occasion de mort.
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        Causam quoniam. Plin. Causam afferentes, quoniam in Thessalia, etc. Disants que c'estoit pour cause et raison que, etc.
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        Quum attulisset nullam causam quae istam, etc. Cic. Veu qu'il ne scavoit dire cause vallable qui, etc.
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        Commutationem voluntatis. Cic. Faire changer de volunte.
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        Compertum. Liu. Rapporter pour certain, Apporter certaines nouvelles.
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        Confidentiam. Caelius ad Cic. Donner hardiesse et asseurance.
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        Coniecturam. Cic. Donner quelque enseigne et argument, Donner conjecture.
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        Consecutionem voluptatis. Cic. Donner jouyssance de volupté.
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        Consilium alicui. Cic. Donner conseil.
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        Consolationem alicui malo. Cic. Donner confort en quelque adversité.
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        Constantiam. Cic. Donner constance.
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        Consuetudinem seruiendi liberae ciuitati. Cic. L'accoustumer à son obeissance.
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        Contemptionem ad omnes. Caesar. Faire mespriser de touts, et qu'on n'en tienne compte.
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        Crimen falsum alicui. Cic. Imposer crime à aucun.
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        Cumulum aliquem artibus aliorum. Cic. Donner quelque accroissement.
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        Curam. Cic. Donner soulci, Mettre en soulci.
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        Delectationem. Cic. Donner plaisir.
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        Dentes in dominum. Varro. Mordre son maistre.
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        Desperationem. Caesar. Mettre en desespoir.
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        Detrimentum. Caesar. Cic. Porter dommage.
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        Difficultatem alicui rei vel homini. Cic. Rendre une chose malaisee à faire, Donner empeschement.
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        Dolorem capitis. Plin. Causer, ou faire douleur de teste.
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        Dubitationem. Cic. Mettre en doubte.
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        Egestatem alicui. Cic. Mettre en povreté.
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        Errorem animis. Cic. Faire errer.
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        Excusationem. Cic. Alleguer excusation.
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        Exemplum. Plin. Alleguer exemple.
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        Exilium. Cic. Causer bannissement, Estre cause de bannissement.
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        Expectationem. Quintil. Mettre en attente.
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        Facultatem. Cic. Apporter commodité.
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        Affertur fama. Liu. On apporte nouvelles, On fait courir le bruit, Le bruit est.
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        Neque vlla de eius reditu fama ferebatur. Caesar. Il n'en estoit aucun bruit, On n'en parloit aucunnement.
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        Fastidium alicui. Cic. Apporter desgoustement, Desgouster.
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        Fastidia cibo affert haec res. Colum. Elle desgouste.
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        Fidem alicui rei. Liuius. Faire foy de quelque chose, Faire croire quelque chose.
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        Fiduciam. Caesar. Donner asseurance.
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        Finem tributorum. Cic. Mettre fin.
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        Florem afferre dicuntur arbores. Colum. Porter fleur.
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        Hilaritatem, vel iucunditatem, aut laetitiam. Pli. Cic. Mettre en joye, Resjouir.
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        Honorem. Plin. Faire ou porter honneur.
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        Iacturam. Colum. Porter dommage, ou perte.
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        Incrementum. Cic. Donner accroissement.
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        Inertiam alicui. Cic. Faire paresseux et nonchalant.
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        Initium morbi. Celsus. Causer le commencement de la maladie.
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        Interitum. Cic. Apporter la mort et destruction ou ruine.
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        Laborem. Cic. Donner peine et travail.
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        Lachrymas alicui. Cic. Luy apporter grand dueil.
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        Laetitiam alicui. Cic. Le resjouir.
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        Languorem alicui. Cic. Le faire paresseux et nonchalant.
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        Laudem alicui. Cic. Apporter loz ou louange.
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        Leuationem. Cic. Donner allegeance.
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        Literas. Cic. Apporter lettres à aucun.
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        Luctum alicui. Cic. Causer, ou Apporter dueil.
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        Manus alicui. Cic. Mettre la main sur luy, Le battre.
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        Manus sibi. Plancus ad Ciceronem. Se deffaire soymesme, Se tuer.
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        Manus bonis alienis. Cic. Prendre, Ravir les biens d'autruy.
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        Manus vulneribus. Cic. Renouveler les douleurs.
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        Medicinam. Cic. Porter medecine.
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        Memoriam. Cic. Faire souvenir.
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        Metum alicui. Cic. Faire paour.
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        Molestiam. Cic. Faire, ou Donner ennuy et fascherie.
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        Moram alicui rei. Cic. Empescher et retarder.
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        Morbum alicui. Plaut. Faire malade.
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        Mortem vno ictu. Cic. Tuer tout d'un coup.
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        Motum animis. Cic. Esmouvoir les cueurs.
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        Munus Reip. Cic. Faire un bien et profict à la republique.
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        Necessitatem. Cic. Contraindre.
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        Neruos et industriam. Cic. Employer sa force et son esprit, ou son industrie.
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        Necem. Plin. Faire mourir. Vide NEX.
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        Nuntium. Cic. Apporter nouvelle.
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        Obliuionem tristitiae. Plin. Faire oublier.
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        Obscuritatem orationi. Cic. Obscurcir.
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        Odium. Plin. Faire hair, Engendrer haine.
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        Odium quod in ipsum attulerant. Cic. La haine dont ils estoyent venuz garnis à l'encontre de luy.
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        Odium maius affert mihi haec res, quam etc. Cela me desplaist plus, ou Me porte plus d'ennuy et de desplaisir, que etc.
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        Offensionem. Cic. Faire desplaisir, Offenser.
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        Magnam haec res illis offensionem ad omnes attulit. Caesar. Cela les mist fort en la malegrace de touts.
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        Opem alicui. Terent. Aider.
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        Opinionem populo. Cic. Mettre les gents en opinion.
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        Pacem animis. Cic. Mettre en repos d'esprit.
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        Pacem ad aliquam. Plaut. Apporter paix.
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        Pauorem. Plin. Faire paour, Donner crainte.
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        Pedem. Catul. Venir.
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        Periculum. Caelius ad Ciceronem. Mettre en danger.
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        Perniciem. Cic. Porter dommage, ou malencontre.
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        Perturbationem rerum. Brutus ad Ciceronem. Mettre en trouble et desarroy.
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        Pestem. Cic. Apporter grand'malencontre.
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        Pestilentiam. Plin. Amener la peste.
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        Pondus. Cic. Permagnum pondus affert beneuolentia erga illum. L'amor qu'il ha envers luy fait beaucoup, Cela y aide fort.
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        Quaestionem. Cic. Quaestionem attulerunt poetae, quidnam esset illud, etc. Ont mis en doubte, Ont doubté, Ont demandé.
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        Rationem quoniam, et Rationes cur. Plin. Donner, ou Alleguer raison, Prouver par raison.
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        Religionem afferre alicui. Cic. Mettre quelcun en scrupule de conscience.
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        Repulsam attulit haec res. Cic. Cela a esté cause que j'ay esté refusé et esconduict.
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        Requiem. Ouid. Donner, ou apporter repos.
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        Affertur rumoribus spes. Cic. Le commun bruit donne esperance.
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        Afferuntur rumores ad eum. Caesar. On luy rapporte.
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        Salutem. Caesar. Cic. Sauver.
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        Satietatem. Cic. Saouler.
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        Scientiam. Cic. Affert vetustas incredibilem scientiam. Apporte et donne congnoissance si grande, qu'on ne scauroit croire.
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        Seditiones. Cic. Mettre en dissention.
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        Sententiam. Cic. Dire son opinion.
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        Solicitudinem affert haec res. Plancus ad Ciceronem. Engendre un soulci.
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        Solatium. Cic. Donner soulas.
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        Somnum. Cic. quod et somnum inducere, et Conciliare somnum dicitur. Faire dormir.
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        Spem. Cic. Donner esperance.
    \
        Splendorem voci. Plin. Esclarcir la voix, Faire la voix clere et nette.
    \
        Sumptum alicui. Cic. Faire coustange à un autre.
    \
        Suppetias. Plaut. Donner secours.
    \
        Suspicionem. Cic. Donner souspecon.
    \
        Tabem gregi. Colum. Faire devenir en chartre et seicher.
    \
        Taedium. Liu. Fascher, Ennuyer, Attedier.
    \
        Terrorem. Id est Terrere. Liuius. Espovanter, Faire paour, et frayeur.
    \
        Terrores ad aliquem. Cic. Rapporter choses qui sont à craindre, et qui font paour.
    \
        Testimonium. Caesar. Prouver, Bailler preuve.
    \
        Torporem. Plin. Faire appesantir et eslourdir.
    \
        Vim. Cic. Faire violence.
    \
        Vim afferre virgini. Cic. Violer, Prendre par force.
    \
        Vim vitae et corpori. Cic. Se tuer.
    \
        Vim et celeritatem afferre. Cic. Donner force et vistesse.
    \
        Vim in docendo. Cic. Contraindre à croire.
    \
        Afferre vim, pro Cogere. Cic. Contraindre, Forcer.
    \
        Affert aliam vitam haec dies. Terent. Requiert tresestroictement.
    \
        Vtilitatem aliquam. Quintil. Apporter quelque profict.
    \
        Affertur, Impersonale. Liu. Les nouvelles sont venues que, etc.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > affero

  • 9 destino

    destino, āre, āvi, ātum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] fixer, assujettir. [st2]2 [-] destiner, désigner. [st2]3 [-] arrêter, fixer, résoudre, déterminer, projeter, former le dessein. [st2]4 [-] assigner, fixer, marquer. [st2]5 [-] choisir, fixer son choix sur, élire, nommer. [st2]6 [-] viser, envoyer au but. [st2]7 [-] offrir un prix, acheter, acquérir.    - aliquem ad mortem destinare: destiner qqn à la mort.    - diem necis alicui destinare: fixer le jour du supplice de qqn.    - aliquem regem destinare, Just. 42, 4, 14: faire qqn roi, désigner qqn comme roi.    - destinare + inf.: décider de.    - destinare + prop. inf.: décider que.    - aliquid sibi destinare: se réserver qqch, acheter qqch.    - aliquid ad aliquem destinare: envoyer qqch à qqn.    - quanti destinat aedes? Plaut.: combien achète-t-il la maison?
    * * *
    destino, āre, āvi, ātum - tr. - [st2]1 [-] fixer, assujettir. [st2]2 [-] destiner, désigner. [st2]3 [-] arrêter, fixer, résoudre, déterminer, projeter, former le dessein. [st2]4 [-] assigner, fixer, marquer. [st2]5 [-] choisir, fixer son choix sur, élire, nommer. [st2]6 [-] viser, envoyer au but. [st2]7 [-] offrir un prix, acheter, acquérir.    - aliquem ad mortem destinare: destiner qqn à la mort.    - diem necis alicui destinare: fixer le jour du supplice de qqn.    - aliquem regem destinare, Just. 42, 4, 14: faire qqn roi, désigner qqn comme roi.    - destinare + inf.: décider de.    - destinare + prop. inf.: décider que.    - aliquid sibi destinare: se réserver qqch, acheter qqch.    - aliquid ad aliquem destinare: envoyer qqch à qqn.    - quanti destinat aedes? Plaut.: combien achète-t-il la maison?
    * * *
        Destino, destinas, pe. cor. destinare, Ex de et sto compositum videtur. Plin. iun. Proposer, Destiner choses en soymesme.
    \
        Quanti destinat aedes? Plaut. Combien propose il de vendre sa maison?
    \
        Destinare animo, et animis, et in animo. Liu. Proposer et arrester en soymesme.
    \
        Animis Leusippum omnes caedis authorem destinabant. Liu. Chascun souspeconnoit et disoit en soymesme que Leusippus avoit faict le meurtre.
    \
        De ampliando imperio maiora in dies destinabat. Sueto. Il proposoit.
    \
        Destinati Censores. Plin. iunior. Destinez.
    \
        Destinare aliquem arae. Virg. Le destiner à estre immolé et sacrifié.
    \
        Asclepiades vbi aegrum triduo per omnia fatigarat, quarto die cibo destinabat. Ordonnoit que le malade commenceroit à manger.
    \
        Destinare ad certamen. Liu. Assigner, Ordonner, Deputer, Destiner pour le combat, Determiner.
    \
        Destinare alicui diem necis. Cic. Assigner jour, Determiner.
    \
        Ictum certum destinare. Claud. Envoyer le coup droict, ou Frapper d'une pierre ou d'autre chose ce à quoy on vise, sans y faillir.
    \
        Destinari ad mortem. Liu. Estre destiné à mourir.
    \
        Destinare alicui prouinciam. Liu. Assigner et bailler quelque charge, ou Proposer de luy bailler.
    \
        Destinare puellam, pro Despondere. Plin. iunior. Accorder et destiner, Promettre.
    \
        Destinare sibi puellam minis triginta. Plaut. Se preparer de bailler telle somme pour une fille.
    \
        Destinare sermonibus aliquem hostem esse. Liu. Quand le commun bruit va devinant qu'on luy fera la guerre.
    \
        Destinare spe aliquid futurum. Liu. Anticiper par esperance la chose qui se fera, Esperer et quasi prophetizer que quelque chose se fera.
    \
        Seruitiis destinare aliquem. Valer. Flac. Le destiner à servage, ou servitude, à estre serf.
    \
        Destinatum est mihi, et Destinatum est mihi in animo. Plin. iunior. Liu. J'ay proposé et arresté en moymesme.
    \
        Destinare, pro Mittere. Suet. Legationem ad Praetorianos destinauerunt. Envoyerent.
    \
        Destinare, pro Notare. Curt. Dioxippus coniectum oculorum, quibus vt fur destinabatur, ferre non potuit. Estoit remarqué.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > destino

  • 10 audio

    audĭo, īvi or ii, itum, 4, v. a. ( imperf. audibat, Ov F. 3, 507: audibant. Cat. 84, 8; fut. audibo, Enn. ap. Non. p. 506, 1:

    audibis,

    id. ib.; Plaut. Capt. 3, 4, 86; id. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Caecil. ap. Gell. 7, 17 fin.; id. ap. Non. l. l.; cf. Struve, p. 137 sq.: audin = audisne, as ain = aisne; inf. perf. audīsse better than audivisse, acc. to Quint. 1, 6, 17) (cf. the Lacon. aus = hous; auris; Lith. ausis; Goth. auso; Germ. Ohr, and Engl ears [p. 202] the Fr. ouïr, and Lat. ausculto; Curtius also compares the Gr. aïô, to hear, perceive, and the Sanscr. av, to notice, to favor; v. ausculto, 1. aveo init., and cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 83 Müll.], to hear, to perceive or understand by hearing, to learn (audio pr. differs from ausculto as the Gr. akouô from akroaomai, the Germ. hören from horchen, and the Engl. to hear from to listen, the former of these words denoting an involuntary, the latter a voluntary act; other syn.: exaudio, sentio, cognosco, oboedio, dicor).
    I.
    A.. In gen.
    a.
    Aliquid:

    auribus si parum audies terito cum vino brassicam, etc.,

    Cato, R. R. 157 fin.:

    ubi molarum strepitum audibis maximum, Enn. ap. Non. l. l. (Com. v. 7 Vahl. p. 153): verba,

    Plaut. Poen. 1, 2, 97; Vulg. Gen. 24, 30:

    quae vera audivi, taceo,

    Ter. Eun. 1, 2, 23:

    Mane, non dum audīsti, Demea, Quod est gravissumum,

    id. Ad. 3, 4, 21:

    vocem,

    id. Hec. 4, 1, 2:

    vera an falsa,

    id. And. 5, 4, 19:

    mixtos vagitibus aegris Ploratus,

    Lucr. 2, 579:

    voces,

    Verg. A. 4, 439; Hor. C. 3, 7, 22; Vulg. Gen. 3, 8; ib. Matt. 2, 18:

    strepitus,

    Verg. A. 9, 394:

    sonitum,

    Hor. C. 2, 1, 31:

    haec,

    id. ib. 3, 27, 51:

    aquas,

    Ov. Am. 3, 11, 30:

    gemitus,

    id. M. 7, 839; Vulg. Exod. 2, 24: ait se omnia audivisse, Titinn. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    ut quod te audīsse dicis numquam audieris,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 70, 285:

    Nihil enim habeo praeter auditum,

    id. Off. 1, 10, 33:

    quod quisque eorum de quāque re audierit,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 5:

    Hac auditā pugnā maxima pars sese Crasso dedidit,

    id. ib. 3, 27:

    Auditis hostium copiis respicerent suum ipsi exercitum,

    Liv. 42, 52, 10:

    quod cum audīsset Abram,

    Vulg. Gen. 14, 14:

    auditis sermonibus,

    ib. 4 Reg. 22, 19; ib. Heb. 4, 3: clangorem tubae, ib:

    Isa. 18, 3: symphoniam,

    ib. Luc. 15, 25:

    animal,

    ib. Apoc. 6, 3; 6, 5 al. persaep.
    b.
    Constr., the person from whom one hears or learns any thing, with ex (so most freq.), ab, de, acc. and part., acc. and inf., cum or dum.
    (α).
    With ex:

    verbum ex aliquo,

    Ter. Heaut. 5, 4, 8; so id. And. 2, 1, 2; 5, 4, 24; id. Eun. 1, 2, 34; id. Hec. 4, 1, 35; id. And. 3, 3, 2:

    audivi ex majoribus natu hoc idem fuisse in P. Scipione Nasicā,

    Cic. Off. 1, 30, 109:

    hoc ex aliis,

    id. Att. 5, 17:

    ex obviis,

    Liv. 28, 26; so Suet. Caes. 29; id. Dom. 12 al.. saepe audivi ex majoribus natu mirari solitum C. Fabricium etc., Cic. Sen. 13, 43; so Suet. Claud. 15.—
    (β).
    With ab:

    a quibus cum audi/sset non multum superesse munitionis,

    Nep. Them. 7, 2.—
    (γ).
    With de:

    equidem saepe hoc audivi de patre et de socero meo,

    i. e. from his mouth, Cic. de Or. 3, 33, 133; so id. Off. 3, 19, 77; id. Brut. 26, 100.—
    (δ).
    With acc. and part. pres. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    636): ut neque eum querentem quisquam audierit neque etc.,

    Nep. Timol. 4, 1; so Suet. Calig. 22; Cat. 9, 6; 61, 125; 67, 41 al.—
    (ε).
    With acc. and inf.:

    mihi non credo, quom illaec autumare illum audio,

    Plaut. Am. 1, 1, 260:

    Audin (eum) lapidem quaeritare?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 70:

    erilem filium ejus duxisse audio Uxorem,

    Ter. Phorm. 1, 1, 5; 2, 1, 59:

    saepe hoc majores natu dicere audivi,

    Cic. Mur. 28:

    Gellius audierat patruom objurgare solere,

    Cat. 74, 1; Verg. A. 1, 20; 4, 562:

    audiet cives acuisse ferrum, Audiet pugnas juventus,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 21 sq.:

    audire videor pios Errare per lucos,

    id. ib. 3, 4, 5. —Hence also pass. with nom. and inf. (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    607): Bibulus nondum audiebatur esse in Syriā,

    was said, Cic. Att. 5, 18; so Caes. B. G. 7, 79.—
    (ζ).
    With cum or dum (cf. Zumpt, Gr. §

    749): id quidem saepe ex eo audivi, cum diceret sibi certum esse,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 33, 144:

    quis umquam audivit, cum ego de me nisi coactus ac necessario dicerem?

    id. Dom. 35; so id. Brut. 56; id. Fin. 5, 19, 54; id. de Or. 1, 28, 129; 1, 2, 99; Plin. Ep. 7, 24, 5:

    auditus est certe, dum ex eo quaerit,

    Suet. Dom. 4. —Diff. from the preced. constr. with de is audire de aliquo (aliquid); more freq. in pass. sense, to hear any thing concerning any one:

    de psaltriā hac audivit,

    Ter. Ad. 3, 4, 5:

    illos etiam convenire aveo, de quibus audivi et legi,

    Cic. Sen. 23, 83; so id. Att. 7, 20; id. Ac. 2, 2, 4; cf.:

    aliquid in aliquem,

    to hear something against, something bad of any one, id. de Or. 2, 70, 285 al. —
    B.
    In conversation.
    (α).
    Audi, as a call to gain attention, hear, attend, give ear, listen, = hoc age:

    audi cetera,

    Plaut. Trin. 2, 4, 127:

    audi heus tu,

    id. ib. 4, 3, 52:

    Dorio, audi, obsecro,

    Ter. Phorm. 3, 2, 1: Hoc audi, id. And. 3, 4, 11;

    4, 1, 36: Quin tu audi,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 42:

    quin tu hoc audi,

    Ter. And. 2, 2, 9.—
    (β).
    Audis or audin = audisne? do you hear? atque audin? Plaut. Trin. 3, 3, 70:

    Equidem deciens dixi: Et domi [nunc] sum ego, inquam, ecquid audis?

    id. Am. 2, 1, 27; id. Trin. 3, 2, 91:

    Heus, audin quid ait? Quin fugis?

    id. Capt. 3, 4, 60:

    cura adversandum atque audin? quadrupedem constringito,

    Ter. And. 5, 2, 24; 1, 5, 64:

    Audin tu? Hic furti se adligat,

    id. Eun. 4, 7, 39:

    Audin quid dicam?

    id. Hec. 1, 2, 3.—
    c.
    Audito, with a clause for its subject, as abl. absol. in the histt., upon the receipt of the news that, at the tidings that: audito, Q. Marcium in Ciliciam tendere, when news came that Q. Marcius etc., Sall. H. Fragm. ap. Prisc. p. 1130 P.:

    audito Machanidam famā adventūs sui territum refugisse Lacedaemonem,

    Liv. 28, 7:

    audito venisse missu Agrippinae nuntium Agerinum,

    Tac. A. 14, 7.—
    II.
    Esp.,
    A.
    1.. In a pregnant signif., to listen to a person or thing, to give ear to, hearken to, attend:

    etsi a vobis sic audior, ut numquam benignius neque attentius quemquam auditum putem,

    Cic. Clu. 23, 63; so id. de Or. 1, 61, 259:

    sed non eis animis audiebantur, qui doceri possent,

    Liv. 42, 48; 1, 32; 5, 6:

    ut legationes audiret cubans,

    Suet. Vesp. 24; id. Caes. 32; id. Ner. 22; 23; Vulg. Job. 11, 2; ib. Psa. 33, 12; ib. Matt. 10, 14; ib. Heb. 3, 7 al.—
    2.
    Aliquem, of pupils, to hear a teacher, i. e. to receive instruction from, to study under:

    te, Marce fili, annum jam audientem Cratippum,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1, 1:

    Jam Polemonem audiverant adsidue Zeno et Arcesilas,

    id. Ac. 1, 9, 34; so id. N. D. 1, 14, 37; 3, 1, 2; id. Fat. 2, 4:

    Diogenes venientem eum, ut se extra ordinem audiret, non admiserat,

    Suet. Tib. 32; id. Gram. 10, 20 al.— Absol.: possumne aliquid audire? (i. e. will you communicate something to me?) tu vero, inquam, vel audire vel dicere, Cic. Fat. 2, 3:

    ponere aliquid, ad quod audiam, volo,

    id. ib. 2, 4.—
    3.
    De aliquā re or aliquid, aliquem, of judges, to listen or hearken to, to examine:

    nemo illorum judicum clarissimis viris accusantibus audiendum sibi de ambitu putavit,

    Cic. Fl. 39, 98:

    de capite,

    Sen. Ben. 2, 12 al. — Trop.:

    de pace,

    Liv. 27, 30:

    dolos,

    Verg. A. 6, 567:

    nequissimum servum,

    Suet. Dom. 11; so id. Aug. 93; id. Tib. 73; id. Claud. 15; id. Dom. 14; 16; Dig. 11, 3, 14 fin.; 28, 6, 10; 39, 2, 18 et saep.—
    4.
    Of prayer or entreaty, to hear, listen to, lend an ear to, regard, grant:

    in quo di immortales meas preces audiverunt,

    Cic. Pis. 19:

    Curio ubi... neque cohortationes suas neque preces audiri intellegit,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 42:

    velut si sensisset auditas preces,

    Liv. 1, 12:

    audivit orationem eorum,

    Vulg. Psa. 105, 44:

    audisti verba oris mei,

    ib. ib. 137, 1:

    Audiat aversā non meus aure deus,

    Tib. 3, 3, 28:

    audiit et caeli Genitor de parte serenā Intonuit laevum,

    Verg. A. 9, 630:

    minus audientem carmina Vestam,

    Hor. C. 1, 2, 27; 4, 13, 1:

    audivit Dominus,

    Vulg. Psa. 29, 11 al. —Also aliquem, to hear one, to grant his desire or prayer:

    puellas ter vocata audis,

    Hor. C. 3, 22, 3; so id. C. S. 34; 35:

    Ferreus orantem nequiquam, janitor, audis,

    Ov. Am. 1, 6, 27; id. M. 8, 598 al.:

    Audi nos, domine,

    Vulg. Gen. 23, 6; 23, 8:

    semper me audis,

    ib. Joan. 11, 42.—
    B.
    Aliquem, aliquid, or absol. audio, to hear a person or thing with approbation, to assent to, agree with, approve, grant, allow:

    nec Homerum audio, qui Ganymeden ab dis raptum ait, etc.,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 26, 65:

    Socratem audio dicentem cibi condimentum esse famem, sed qui ad voluptatem omnia referens vivit ut Gallonius, non audio,

    id. Fin. 2, 28, 90; id. de Or. 1, 15, 68; 3, 28, 83; id. Marcell. 8, 25: audio ( I grant it, well, that I agree to, that is granted):

    nunc dicis aliquid, quod ad rem pertineat,

    id. Rosc. Am. 18 fin.; id. Verr. 2, 2, 59; 2, 5, 27:

    non audio,

    that I do not grant, id. ib. 2, 3, 34.—
    C.
    To hear, to listen to, to obey, heed; orig. and class. only with acc., but also with dat.—
    a.
    With acc.:

    tecum loquere, te adhibe in consilium, te audi, tibi obtempera,

    Cic. Fam. 2, 7, 2; id. N. D. 1, 20, 55:

    ne ego sapientiam istam, quamvis sit erudita, non audiam,

    id. Phil. 13, 3, 6:

    si me audiatis, priusquam dedantur, etc.,

    Liv. 9, 9:

    Non, si me satis audias, Speres etc.,

    Hor. C.1, 13, 13; 4, 14, 50; id. Ep. 1, 1, 48:

    patris aut matris imperium,

    Vulg. Deut. 21, 18 al. — Poet. transf. to inanimate things:

    neque audit currus habenas,

    heeds, Verg. G. 1, 514; so Claud. Cons. Mall. Theod. 187 (cf. Hor. Ep. 1, 15, 13: equi frenato est auris in ore; and Pind. Pyth. 2, 21: harmata peisichalina):

    nec minus incerta (sagitta) est, nec quae magis audiat arcum,

    which better heeds the bow, Ov. M. 5, 382:

    teque languenti manu Non audit arcus?

    Sen. Herc. Oet. 980; so Stat. Th. 5, 412; Luc. 3, 594; 9, 931; Sil. 14, 392.—
    b.
    With dat.: nam istis qui linguam avium intellegunt, magis audiendum censeo, Pac. ap. Cic. Div. 1, 57, 131 (B. and K. isti):

    sibi audire,

    App. Mag. p. 326, 34; so, dicto audientem esse, to listen to one's word, to be obedient to one's word, to obey (not in Ter.):

    dicto sum audiens,

    I obey, Plaut. Pers. 3, 1, 71; id. Trin. 4, 3, 55; id. As. 3, 1, 40; id. Men. 2, 3, 89:

    qui dicto audientes in tantā re non fuisset,

    Cic. Deiot. 8, 23 ' sunt illi quidem dicto audientes, id. Verr. 1, 88:

    quos dicto audientes jussi,

    id. ib. 5, 104.—And, on account of the signif. to obey, with a second personal dat.: dicto audientem esse alicui, to obey one (freq. and class.); cf.

    Stallb. ad Rudd. Gr. II. p. 124, n. 38: vilicus domino dicto audiens sit,

    Cato, R. R. 142: si habes, qui te audiat;

    si potest tibi dicto audiens esse quisquam,

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 44; 2, 4. 12; 2, 5, 32; id. Phil. 7, 2:

    dicto audiens fuit jussis absentium magistratuum,

    Nep. Ages. 4, 2; id. Lys. 1, 2; id. Iphicr. 2, 1:

    interim Servio Tullio jubere populum dicto audientem esse,

    Liv. 1, 41; 4, 26; 29, 20;

    41, 10 al.—Once pleon. with oboedio: ne plebs nobis dicto audiens atque oboediens sit,

    Liv. 5, 3.—
    D.
    To hear thus and thus, i. e. to be named or styled somehow (as in Gr. akouô; and in Engl. to hear, as Milton: Or hear'st thou rather pure ethereal stream, P. L. III. 7); and with bene or male (as in Gr. kalôs or kakôs akouein; cf. Milton: For which Britain hears ill abroad, Areop.; and Spenser: If old Aveugles sonnes so evil hear, F. Q. I. 5, 23), to be in good or bad repute, to be praised or blamed, to have a good or bad character:

    benedictis si certāsset, audīsset bene (Bene audire est bene dici, laudari, Don.),

    Ter. Phorm. prol. 20:

    tu recte vivis, si curas esse quod audis,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 16, 17:

    rexque paterque Audisti coram,

    id. ib. 1, 7, 38; so id. S. 2, 6, 20; Ter. Hec. 4, 2, 24; id. Phorm. 2, 3, 12; Cic. Att. 6, 1; id. Fin. 3, 17, 57; id. Leg. 1, 19; Nep. Dion, 7, 3:

    Ille, qui jejunus a quibusdam et aridus habetur, non aliter ab ipsis inimicis male audire quam nimiis floribus et ingenii afluentia potuit,

    Quint. 12, 10, 13 al. —In a play upon words: erat surdaster M. Crassus;

    sed aliud molestius quod male audiebat,

    Cic. Tusc. 5, 40, 116; so,

    minus commode: quod illorum culpā se minus commode audire arbitrarentur,

    id. Verr. 2, 3, 58.—
    E.
    As it were to hear, to hear mentally, i. e. to understand, to supply, something (later subaudio): cum subtractum verbum aliquod satis ex ceteris intellegitur, ut, stupere gaudio Graecus. Simul enim auditur coepit, is understood, is to be supplied, Quint. 9, 3, 58; 8, 5, 12.—Hence, audĭens, entis, P. a. subst.
    A.
    (Acc. to II. A.) A hearer, auditor ( = auditor, q. v., or qui audit, Cic. Brut. 80, 276)' ad animos audientium permovendos, Cic. Brut. 23, 89; 80, 279:

    cum adsensu audientium egit,

    Liv. 21, 10 al. —Hence, in eccl. Lat., a catechumen, Tert. Poen. 6.—
    B.
    (Acc. to II. C.) With the gen.: tibi servio atque audiens sum imperii, a hearer of, i. e. obedient to, your command, Plaut. Truc. 1, 2, 25.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > audio

  • 11 adfero

    af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.
    I.
    In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit.:

    lumen,

    Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

    viginti minas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

    adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

    tandem bruma nives adfert,

    Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    adfer huc scyphos,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

    nuces,

    Juv. 5, 144:

    cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

    Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

    pauxillum aquae,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

    caput ejus,

    ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

    adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

    Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

    adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

    huc me adfero,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

    Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

    Verg. A. 8, 477:

    sese a moenibus,

    id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

    urbem adferimur,

    are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

    and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

    id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

    adfer manum tuam,

    reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.
    (α).
    In bon. part.:

    pacem ad vos adfero,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

    hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

    i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    consulatum in familiam,

    id. Phil. 9, 2:

    animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

    id. Att. 12, 38:

    tibi benedictionem,

    Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

    Domino gloriam,

    ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—
    (β).
    In mal. part.:

    bellum in patriam,

    Ov. M. 12, 5:

    nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

    to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

    adferam super eos mala,

    Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

    Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

    id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

    manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

    domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

    id. Quint. 27:

    intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

    id. Caecin. 17:

    qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

    id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    bonis alienis,

    id. Off. 2, 15:

    manus suis vulneribus,

    to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

    ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

    to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

    in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

    istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

    id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

    calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

    si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

    id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

    Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

    id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

    magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

    cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

    Nep. 3, 3:

    haud vana adtulere,

    Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

    exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

    id. 8, 17 Drak.:

    per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

    word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

    idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

    Tac. H. 1, 76:

    esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

    Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

    scelus adtulit umbris,

    Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—
    B.
    To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

    aegritudinem alicui,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

    alicui molestiam,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

    Cic. Mur. 1:

    alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

    adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

    id. Phil. 12, 7:

    metum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

    dolorem,

    id. Sull. 1:

    luctum et egestatem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 5:

    consolationem,

    id. Att. 10, 4:

    delectationem,

    id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

    detrimentum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

    taedium,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

    dolorem capitis,

    id. 23, 1, 18:

    gaudium,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —
    C.
    To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

    quam causam adferam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

    justas causas adfers,

    Cic. Att. 11, 15;

    also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

    idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

    id. Caecin. 29, 85:

    ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

    id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

    quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

    i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

    Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

    will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

    et, cur credam, adferre possum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—
    D.
    Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

    quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1:

    negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

    id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

    quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

    id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

    illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

    id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

    quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 63.—
    E.
    Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

    agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15:

    herbam adferentem semen,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

    arva non adferent cibum,

    ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

    ager fructum,

    ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > adfero

  • 12 affero

    af-fĕro (better adf-), attŭli (adt-, better att-), allātum (adl-), afferre (adf-), v. a.; constr. aliquid ad aliquem or alicui.
    I.
    In gen., to bring, take, carry or convey a thing to a place (of portable things, while adducere denotes the leading or conducting of men, animals, etc.), lit. and trop.
    A.
    Lit.:

    lumen,

    Enn. Ann. 1, 40:

    viginti minas,

    Plaut. As. 1, 3, 78; 1, 3, 87 al.:

    adtuli hunc.—Quid, adtulisti?—Adduxi volui dicere,

    id. Ps. 2, 4, 21:

    tandem bruma nives adfert,

    Lucr. 5, 746: adlatus est acipenser, Cic. ap. Macr. S. 2, 12:

    adfer huc scyphos,

    Hor. Epod. 9, 33:

    nuces,

    Juv. 5, 144:

    cibum pede ad rostrum veluti manu,

    Plin. 10, 46, 63, § 129:

    pauxillum aquae,

    Vulg. Gen. 18, 4:

    caput ejus,

    ib. Marc. 6, 28.—With de in part. sense:

    adferte nobis de fructibus terrae,

    Vulg. Num. 13, 21; ib. Joan. 21, 10 (as lit. rendering of the Greek).—So of letters:

    adferre litteras, ad aliquem or alicui,

    Cic. Att. 8, 6; id. Imp. Pomp. 2; Liv. 22, 11 al.: adferre se ad aliquem locum, to betake one's self to a place, to go or come to (opp. auferre se ab aliquo, to withdraw from, to leave, only poet.):

    huc me adfero,

    Plaut. Am. 3, 4, 6; Ter. And. 4, 5, 12 Bentl.:

    Fatis huc te poscentibus adfers,

    Verg. A. 8, 477:

    sese a moenibus,

    id. ib. 3, 345.—So pass. adferri:

    urbem adferimur,

    are driven, come, Verg. A. 7, 217;

    and adferre pedem: abite illuc, unde malum pedem adtulistis,

    id. Cat. 14, 21.— To bring near, extend, = porrigo (eccl. Lat.):

    adfer manum tuam,

    reach hither, Vulg. Joan. 20, 27.—
    B.
    Trop., to bring to, upon, in a good or bad sense.
    (α).
    In bon. part.:

    pacem ad vos adfero,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 32:

    hic Stoicus genus sermonum adfert non liquidum,

    i.e. makes use of, Cic. de Or. 2, 38, 159:

    nihil ostentationis aut imitationis adferre,

    id. ib. 3, 12, 45:

    non minus adferret ad dicendum auctoritatis quam facultatis,

    id. Mur. 2, 4:

    consulatum in familiam,

    id. Phil. 9, 2:

    animum vacuum ad scribendas res difficiles,

    id. Att. 12, 38:

    tibi benedictionem,

    Vulg. Gen. 33, 11:

    Domino gloriam,

    ib. 1 Par. 16, 28; ib. Apoc. 21, 26: ignominiam, ib. Osee, 4, 18.—
    (β).
    In mal. part.:

    bellum in patriam,

    Ov. M. 12, 5:

    nisi etiam illuc pervenerint (canes), ut in dominum adferant dentes,

    to use their teeth against their master, Varr. R. R. 2, 9, 9:

    adferam super eos mala,

    Vulg. Jer. 23, 12:

    Quam accusationem adfertis adversus hominem hunc?

    id. Joan. 18, 29: quod gustatum adfert mortem, ib. Job, 6, 6: vim adferre alicui for inferre, to use force against or offer violence to one, Cic. Phil. 2, 7; id. Verr. 2, 1, 26; Liv. 9, 16; 42, 29 Drak.; Ov. H. 17, 21 Heins.; id. A. A. 1, 679; Suet. Oth. 12 al.: manus adferre alicui, in a bad sense, to lay hands on, attack, assail (opp.:

    manus abstinere ab aliquo): pro re quisque manus adfert (sc. ad pugnam),

    Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 26:

    domino a familiā suā manus adlatas esse,

    id. Quint. 27:

    intellegimus eum detrudi, cui manus adferuntur,

    id. Caecin. 17:

    qui sit improbissimus, manus ei adferantur, effodiantur oculi,

    id. Rep. 3, 17 Creuz. al.: sibi manus, to lay hands on one's self, to commit suicide: Qui quidem manus, quas justius in Lepidi perniciem animāsset, sibi adferre conatus est, Planc. ap. Cic. Fam. 10, 23.—Also of things: manus templo, to rob or plunder, Cic. Verr. 2, 1, 18:

    bonis alienis,

    id. Off. 2, 15:

    manus suis vulneribus,

    to tear open, id. Att. 3, 15 (a little before:

    ne rescindam ipse dolorem meum): manus beneficio suo,

    to nullify, render worthless, Sen. Ben. 2, 5 ext. —
    II.
    Esp.
    A.
    To bring, bear, or carry a thing, as news, to report, announce, inform, publish; constr. alicui or ad aliquem aliquid, or acc. with inf. (class.;

    in the histt., esp. in Livy, very freq.): ea adferam eaque ut nuntiem, etc.,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 9:

    istud quod adfers, aures exspectant meae,

    id. As. 2, 2, 65; Ter. Phorm. prol. 22:

    calamitas tanta fuit, ut eam non ex proelio nuntius, sed ex sermone rumor adferret,

    Cic. Imp. Pomp. 9, 25:

    si ei subito sit adlatum periculum patriae,

    id. Off. 1, 43, 154:

    nihil novi ad nos adferebatur,

    id. Fam. 2, 14; id. Att. 6, 8: rumores, qui de me adferuntur, Cic. Fil. ap. Cic. Fam. 16, 21:

    Caelium ad illam adtulisse, se aurum quaerere,

    id. Cael. 24; so id. Fam. 5, 2 al.:

    magnum enim, quod adferebant, videbatur,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 15 Dint.:

    cum crebri adferrent nuntii, male rem gerere Darium,

    Nep. 3, 3:

    haud vana adtulere,

    Liv. 4, 37; 6, 31:

    exploratores missi adtulerunt quieta omnia apud Gallos esse,

    id. 8, 17 Drak.:

    per idem tempus rebellāsse Etruscos adlatum est,

    word was brought, id. 10, 45 al.:

    idem ex Hispaniā adlatum,

    Tac. H. 1, 76:

    esse, qui magnum nescio quid adferret,

    Suet. Dom. 16; Luc. 1, 475:

    scelus adtulit umbris,

    Val. Fl. 3, 172 al. —So of instruction: doctrinam, Vulg. prol. Eccli.; ib. 2 Joan. 10.—
    B.
    To bring a thing on one, i.e. to cause, occasion, effect, give, impart; esp. of states of mind:

    aegritudinem alicui,

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 2:

    alicui molestiam,

    id. Hec. 3, 2, 9:

    populo Romano pacem, tranquillitatem, otium, concordiam,

    Cic. Mur. 1:

    alicui multas lacrimas, magnam cladem,

    id. N. D. 2, 3, 7:

    ipsa detractio molestiae consecutionem adfert voluptatis,

    id. Fin. 1, 11, 37; so,

    adferre auctoritatem et fidem orationi,

    id. Phil. 12, 7:

    metum,

    id. Verr. 2, 5, 25:

    dolorem,

    id. Sull. 1:

    luctum et egestatem,

    id. Rosc. Am. 5:

    consolationem,

    id. Att. 10, 4:

    delectationem,

    id. Fam. 7, 1 al.:

    detrimentum,

    Caes. B. C. 2, 82:

    taedium,

    Plin. 15, 2, 3, § 7:

    dolorem capitis,

    id. 23, 1, 18:

    gaudium,

    Plin. Ep. 10, 2, 1 al. —
    C.
    To bring forwards, allege, assert, adduce, as an excuse, reason, etc.:

    quam causam adferam?

    Ter. Heaut. 4, 3, 23:

    justas causas adfers,

    Cic. Att. 11, 15;

    also without causa: rationes quoque, cur hoc ita sit, adferendas puto,

    id. Fin. 5, 10, 27; cf. id. Fam. 4, 13:

    idque me non ad meam defensionem adtulisse,

    id. Caecin. 29, 85:

    ad ea, quae dixi, adfer, si quid habes,

    id. Att. 7: nihil igitur adferunt, qui in re gerendā versari senectutem negant, they bring forwards nothing to the purpose, who, etc., id. Sen. 6; id. de Or. 2, 53, 215:

    quid enim poterit dicere?... an aetatem adferet?

    i. e. as an excuse, id. ib. 2, 89, 364.—Also absol.:

    Quid sit enim corpus sentire, quis adferet umquam...?

    will bring forwards an explanation, Lucr. 3, 354 (cf. reddo absol. in same sense, id. 1, 566):

    et, cur credam, adferre possum,

    Cic. Tusc. 1, 29, 70; 3, 23, 55.—
    D.
    Adferre aliquid = conducere, conferre aliquid, to contribute any thing to a definite object, to be useful in any thing, to help, assist; constr. with ad, with dat., or absol.:

    quam ad rem magnum adtulimus adjumentum hominibus nostris,

    Cic. Off. 1, 1:

    negat Epicurus diuturnitatem temporis ad beate vivendum aliquid adferre,

    id. Fin. 2, 27, 87:

    quidquid ad rem publicam adtulimus, si modo aliquid adtulimus,

    id. Off. 1, 44, 155:

    illa praesidia non adferunt oratori aliquid, ne, etc.,

    id. Mil. 1: aliquid adtulimus etiam nos, id. Planc. 10, 24:

    quid enim oves aliud adferunt, nisi, etc.,

    id. N. D. 2, 63.—
    E.
    Very rare in class. period, to bring forth as a product, to yield, bear, produce, = fero:

    agri fertiles, qui multo plus adferunt, quam acceperunt,

    Cic. Off. 1, 15:

    herbam adferentem semen,

    Vulg. Gen. 1, 29:

    arva non adferent cibum,

    ib. Hab. 3, 17: lignum adtulit fructum, ib. Joel, 2, 22; ib. Apoc. 22, 2:

    ager fructum,

    ib. Luc. 12, 16 al.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > affero

  • 13 defero

    dē-fĕro, tŭli, lātum, ferre, v. a., to bear or bring away a thing from a place; to bear, carry, bring down.
    I.
    Lit.
    A.
    In gen.
    1.
    Without stating the terminus (not very freq.):

    roseam Auroram per oras Aetheris,

    Lucr. 5, 656; 5, 273; 6, 639:

    Rhodanus amnis segnem deferens Ararim,

    Plin. 3, 4, 5, § 33; 6, 27, 31, § 136; Ov. M. 9, 117;

    ex Helicone coronam,

    Lucr. 1, 119:

    ramalia arida tecto,

    Ov. M. 8, 646. — Absol.:

    flumina liquida ac deferentia,

    Plin. Pan. 82 med. —Far more freq.,
    2.
    Indicating the terminus (by ad, in, an adv. of place, the dat., etc.):

    literas ad Caesarem,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 45, 3:

    epistolam ad Ciceronem,

    id. ib. 5, 48, 3 and 8; cf.:

    mandata ad aliquem,

    id. B. C. 1, 9; 3, 22:

    aurum ad gnatum suum,

    Plaut. Trin. 4, 2, 115; cf. id. Truc. 2, 5, 64; Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 18;

    natos ad flumina,

    Verg. A. 9, 604:

    Germani ad castra Romanorum delati,

    Caes. B. G. 6, 42 fin. et saep.:

    semen quod ex arbore per surculos defertur in terram,

    Varr. R. R. 1, 40, 4:

    aurum et omnia ornamenta sua in aerarium,

    Liv. 5, 25:

    aedes in planum et colli subicere,

    id. 2, 7: cf. Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

    ferrum in pectus,

    Tac. A. 1, 35:

    castra in viam,

    Liv. 22, 15:

    aciem in campos,

    id. 9, 37:

    in praeceps deferri,

    id. 5, 47; cf. id. 44, 5; Quint. 1, 12, 10:

    praeceps in undas deferar,

    Verg. E. 8, 60; Ov. F. 6, 228:

    in vicum,

    Hor. Ep. 2, 1, 269 et saep.:

    hunc sub aequora,

    i. e. submerge, Ov. M. 14, 601:

    quasdam (virgines) ex plebe homines domos deferebant,

    Liv. 1, 9:

    si forte eo (sc. Demetriadem) deferret fuga regem,

    id. 36, 20:

    quo pennis delata sit ales,

    Lucr. 6, 822:

    cum pallam mihi Detulisti,

    Plaut. Men. 2, 3, 42; so,

    epistolas alicui,

    id. Trin. 4, 2, 109 et saep.
    B.
    In partic.
    1.
    Naut. t. t., to drive away, drive down, drive a ship, or those on board a ship, to any place:

    onerariae duae paullo infra delatae sunt,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 36 fin.; id. B. C. 3, 30:

    una (navis) delata Oricum,

    id. ib. 3, 14, 2:

    (Labienus) longius delatus aestu, etc.,

    id. B. G. 5, 8, 2:

    quem cum ex alto ignotas ad terras tempestas et in desertum litus detulisset,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 17 fin.; cf. id. Ac. 2, 3, 8.—
    b.
    Rarely in gen., to bring, convey to any place (as a ship, its passengers):

    e portu navis huc nos dormientes detulit,

    Plaut. Am. 2, 2, 69.—
    2.
    Mercant. t. t., to bring to market, to sell (post-Aug.):

    nexos maniplos,

    Col. 10, 315: pallium. Petr. 12, 2:

    videamus hoc, quod concupiscimus, quanti deferatur,

    Sen. Ep. 42.
    II.
    Trop.
    A.
    In gen., to bring:

    redde harmoniaī Nomen, ab organicis alto delatum Heliconi,

    brought, Lucr. 3, 133; 5, 65:

    (Alexander) eadem fortunae pignora in discrimen detulisset,

    Liv. 9, 18 fin.; cf.:

    fabulas in certamen,

    Quint. 10, 1, 66: hac re ad consilium delata, having been taken into consideration, Caes. B. G. 3, 23 fin.; so,

    rem ad consilium,

    id. ib. 5, 28, 2:

    qui ad agendum nihil cogitati detulerit,

    Quint. 4, 5, 2:

    (poëta) si foret hoc nostrum delatus in aevum, Detereret sibi multa,

    Hor. S. 1, 10, 68. —
    B.
    With particular accessory notions.
    1.
    To bring, give to one, grant, confer upon, allot, to offer to any one, transfer, deliver (for syn. v. do—very freq.).
    (α).
    Aliquid ad aliquem:

    ad hunc totius belli summam omnium voluntate deferri,

    Caes. B. G. 2, 4, 7:

    imperium ad aliquem,

    id. ib. 6, 2; 7, 4, 6; Cic. Leg. 3, 2; id. Lig. 1, 3:

    omnem rem ad Pompeium,

    id. Fam. 1, 1; cf.:

    omnia ad unum,

    id. de Imp. Pomp. 23, 67:

    causam ad Galbam,

    id. Brut. 22, 86:

    primas ad aliquem,

    id. N. D. 1, 6, 15 et saep.—
    (β).
    Aliquid alicui:

    sibi a Caesare regnum civitatis deferri,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 6, 2; Fasti ap. Cic. Phil. 2, 34, 87; cf.:

    regnum et diadema uni,

    Hor. Od. 2, 2, 22:

    fasces indigno,

    id. Ep. 1, 16, 34:

    praemium dignitatis alicui (opp. denegare),

    Cic. Fl. 1:

    ultro ei legationem (opp. denegare),

    id. Fam. 13, 55; cf. id. ib. 4, 13:

    palmam alicujus rei Crasso,

    id. de Or. 2, 56; cf. Liv. 7, 13; Quint. 10, 1, 53:

    omnem ei auctoritatem,

    Cic. Fl. 6, 14:

    pacem hostibus,

    Liv. 23, 13:

    Octaviam neptem condicionem,

    Suet. Caes. 27 et saep. —
    (γ).
    With acc. alone, or absol.:

    jusjurandum,

    to tender an oath, Quint. 5, 6, 6; cf. ib. § 3 and § 4;

    si quid petet, ultro defer,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 12, 23 et saep.—
    2.
    To bring or give an account of, to report, announce, signify, state (for syn. v. declaro init. —

    very freq.): qui nostra consilia ad adversarios deferat,

    Cic. Clu. 52; so,

    aliquid ad aliquem,

    id. Mil. 9 fin.; id. Cat. 3, 3, 7; Caes. B. G. 2, 17, 4; 5, 25, 4 et saep.:

    ut (haec) per eos ad Caesarem deferrentur,

    id. ib. 7, 17 fin.; so with per, id. B. C. 3, 30, 6; 3, 63, 5 al.:

    qui ad Caesarem detulerint delaturive sint, me poenitere consilii mei,

    Cic. Att. 11, 7, 5; so with acc. and inf., id. Verr. 2, 5, 62; Verg. A. 4, 299 al.—
    b.
    Legal t. t.: nomen, and post-Aug., aliquem, to indict, impeach, accuse before the pretor, as plaintiff or informer (for syn. cf.:

    denuntio, indico): nomen alicujus de parricidio,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 10, 28:

    nomen amici mei de ambitu,

    id. Cael. 31, 76; id. Rosc. Am. 23; nomen suo familiari (dat.) eadem de re, id. ib. 23:

    nomen tibi,

    id. Pis. 33, 82; cf.:

    illi nonnihil tamen in deferendo nomine secuti,

    id. Rosc. Am. 3, 8:

    ad deferendos reos praemio duci,

    Quint. 12, 7, 3:

    reos ad praetorem,

    Tac. A. 14, 41:

    reos ejusdem criminis detulerunt,

    Quint. 11, 1, 79; cf.:

    defertur majestatis,

    Tac. A. 14, 48 (v. Draeger ad loc.):

    adulterii,

    id. ib. 4, 42:

    impietatis in principem,

    id. ib. 6, 47:

    Drusus defertur moliri res novas,

    id. ib. 2, 27; cf.:

    defertur simulavisse partum,

    ib. 3, 22:

    ad deferenda de Perseo crimina,

    Liv. 42, 11; cf. Quint. 4, 2, 98; cf.

    also: et cum occiderentur, detuli sententiam,

    voted to condemn, Vulg. Act. 26, 10. — Absol.:

    et minari et deferre etiam non orator potest,

    Quint. 4, 1, 22.—Of denouncing:

    quae apud vos de me deferunt,

    Cic. Agr. 3, 1.—
    c.
    Pub. law t. t.
    (α).
    Aliquid ad aerarium, and more freq. simply aliquid, to give in at the Aerarium:

    horum nomina ad aerarium detulisset,

    Cic. Phil. 5, 5 fin.:

    quamquam rationes deferre properarim (for which referre is repeatedly used just before),

    Cic. Fam. 5, 20, 3.—Hence of persons, to recommend them for future consideration and reward, for their services to the state:

    in beneficiis ad aerarium delatus est,

    Cic. Arch. 5 fin.; id. Fam. 5, 20, 7; id. Balb. 28; id. Att. 5, 7:

    senatus consultum factum ad aerarium deferre,

    the public archives, Liv. 39, 4, 8; Tac. A. 3, 51; 13, 28; Suet. Aug. 94, 3.—
    (β).
    Deferre in censum, to report any thing for assessment, to return one's property to the censors:

    mille quingentum aeris in censum,

    Gell. 16, 10, 10;

    for which, deferre censum,

    Plin. 7, 48, 49, § 159; Tac. A. 6, 41.— Pass. in mid. force:

    deferri in censum,

    to report one's self for assessment, Eutr. 1, 7.—
    3.
    To ascribe, Amm. 14, 6, 8.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > defero

  • 14 judico

    jūdico, āvī, ātum, āre [ jus + dico ]
    1) вести судебное разбирательство, судить
    2) выносить приговор, решать дело (j. aliquid или de aliquā re C etc.)
    aliquid contra aliquem j. C — решать какое-л. дело против кого-л. (осудить кого-л. по какому-л. делу)
    alicui aliquid или alicujus rei j. L — признать кого-л. виновным в чём-л.
    j. aliquem C — осудить кого-л.
    res judicata C etc. — решённый вопрос, юридический прецедент (= praejudicium)
    3) иметь суждение, приходить к заключению (de aliquo, de aliquā re C, Cs)
    Jove aequo j. погов. H — судить без юпитерова пристрастия, т. е. здраво
    judicatum est C — решено, известно, установлено
    4) полагать, считать (aliquid de aliquā re C etc.; maximum malum j. mortem Sen)
    aliquid nullum j. C — ни во что не ставить что-л.
    5) обсуждать, оценивать, определять (aliquid aliquā re или ex aliquā re C etc.)
    aliquid poenā dignum j. Ph — считать что-л. достойным кары
    6) объявлять, провозглашать (j. aliquem hostem Nep, Cs; aliquem affīnem culpae C; j. Galliam Antonii provinciam C)

    Латинско-русский словарь > judico

  • 15 per

    I praep. cum acc.
    1) место: через (p. urbem Su; p. Aeduorum fines Cs); сквозь, по, в (p. venas diffundi C; p. totam provinciarp Cs; p. orbem terrarum Sl и p. terras V); вдоль (p. flumina PM); вниз по течению (p. amnem QC); среди, посреди (ire p. feras O); перед (p. ora vestra Sl)
    p. gradūs L — со ступени на ступень, по ступеням
    p. domos L (familias C) — от дома к дому, по домам
    p. omnia L — во всех частях, всюду
    2) время: в течение, в продолжение, на протяжении (p. multos annos C; p. duas noctes C; p. otium C, Just); во время (p. somnium C; p. eos dies C; p. indutias L)
    3) через посредство, с помощью (cognoscere aliquid p. exploratores Cs; occīdi p. aliquem C); посредством (aliquem certiorem facere p. littĕras C; decipere aliquem p. aliquid C)
    p. se C — самостоятельно, по своей воле, сам по себе (nihil p. se audere Cs) или ради самого себя (virtus p. se expetenda est C) или лично (aliquem p. se aut p. alios sollicitare Sl)
    4) при клятвах и просьбах: ради, именем (p. deos aliquem orare Ter)
    p. deos jurare C — клясться богами
    p. aliquid orare aliquem V — заклинать кого-л. чём-л.
    5)
    а) из-за, по причине, вследствие (p. metum L; p. ambitionem Sl; p. vinum C), благодаря
    p. haec — благодаря этому Eutr, но тж. тем временем Su
    б) ввиду, в силу (hoc p. leges non licet C; aliquid p. valetudinem facere non posse C)
    p. me C etc. — по мне (пусть)
    6) под предлогом, под видом, прикрываясь (p. fidem fallere aliquem Pl, C; p. hospitium exhaurire domum C)
    7) путём, в порядке, в виде (p. fraudera Su)
    p. jocum L — в шутку
    p. litteras C — письменно
    p. manūs Cs — на руках, вручную, но тж. Sl силой, насильно
    p. ludum et neglegentiam C — играючи и без забот
    p. speciem L (p. causam Cs) alicujus rei — под видом или под предлогом чего-либо
    p. iram C — в гневе
    p. artem V — искусно
    p. errorem Su — по ошибке
    p. lacrimas VF — со слезами
    p. amicitiam Sl — во имя дружбы
    p. virtutem Sl — доблестно, мужественно
    p. occasionem L — при Случае
    p. nostram ignominiam L к — нашему стыду
    p. summum dedĕcus C — позорнейшим образом
    p. commodum L — с удобством, для удобства
    II per- приставка, означающая
    3) действие, направленное через (сквозь) что-л., по чему-л. и т. д. ( peregrinus)

    Латинско-русский словарь > per

  • 16 data

    1.
    do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

    duim = dem,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

    duis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

    duas = des,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

    duit,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    duint,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

    dane = dasne,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

    patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

    dandis recipiendisque meritis,

    Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

    ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

    id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

    obsides,

    id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

    1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

    hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

    id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

    ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

    id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

    imperia,

    id. ib. 1, 44:

    centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

    id. ib. 2, 22:

    Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

    id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

    ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

    litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

    and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

    id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

    litteras alicui, said of the writer,

    to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

    of the bearer, rarely,

    to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

    al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

    parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

    dare poenas,

    to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

    alicui poenas dare,

    to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

    v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

    quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

    id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

    ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

    id. Lael. 16, 59:

    multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

    id. ib. 24:

    facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

    for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

    modicam libertatem populo,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

    consilium,

    id. Lael. 13:

    praecepta,

    id. ib. 4 fin.:

    tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 3:

    inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

    operam,

    to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

    operam virtuti,

    id. Lael. 22, 84;

    also: operam, ne,

    id. ib. 21, 78:

    veniam amicitiae,

    id. ib. 17:

    vela (ventis),

    to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

    dextra vela dare,

    to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

    me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

    Cic. Att. 2, 1:

    sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

    id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

    prout tempus ac res se daret,

    Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

    Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

    dat census honores,

    Ov. F. 1, 217.—
    (β).
    Poet. with inf.:

    da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

    allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

    di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With ne:

    da, femina ne sim,

    Ov. M. 12, 202.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    In milit. lang.
    1.
    Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

    transf. beyond the military sphere,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—
    2.
    Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

    hence),

    to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

    and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

    to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—
    3.
    Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—
    B.
    To grant, consent, permit.
    1.
    Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

    hence called tria verba,

    Ov. F. 1, 47.—
    2.
    Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

    interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 127:

    ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

    Lact. 5, 20, 11.—
    C.
    In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

    in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —
    D.
    Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

    tum genu ad terram dabo,

    to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

    aliquem ad terram,

    Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

    me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

    has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

    hanc mihi in manum dat,

    id. And. 1, 5, 62:

    praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

    hostes in fugam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

    hostem in conspectum,

    to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

    aliquem in vincula,

    to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

    arma in profluentes,

    id. 4, 12, 9:

    aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 28:

    aliquem leto,

    to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

    se in viam,

    to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

    sese in fugam,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

    se fugae,

    id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

    Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

    id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—
    E.
    Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

    qui dederit damnum aut malum,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

    nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

    Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

    malum dare,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

    hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

    inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

    Ov. M. 3, 84:

    morsus,

    Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

    motus dare,

    to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

    stragem,

    id. 1, 288:

    equitum ruinas,

    to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

    pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

    caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

    Prov.: dant animos vina,

    Ov. M. 12, 242. —
    F.
    Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

    Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

    Liv. 7, 20:

    plus stomacho quam consilio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

    ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

    i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

    dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,
    b.
    Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

    dedit se etiam regibus,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

    mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

    Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

    se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

    se sermonibus vulgi,

    id. ib. 6, 23:

    se jucunditati,

    id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

    se populo ac coronae,

    to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

    se convivio,

    Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

    si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—
    G.
    Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

    erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

    quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

    imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

    da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

    Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

    Thessalici da bella ducis,

    Val. Fl. 5, 219:

    is datus erat locus colloquio,

    appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

    fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

    i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

    seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

    Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—
    H.
    Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

    docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

    Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

    and transf.,

    Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

    also: dare foras librum = edere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—
    I.
    Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—
    K.
    Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

    nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

    Ter. And. prol. 8:

    hoc vitio datur,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

    inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—
    L.
    Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

    qui cenam parasitis dabit,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

    prandium dare,

    id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—
    M.
    To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

    dari sibi diem postulabat,

    a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.
    2.
    - do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

    but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

    Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.
    3.
    do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > data

  • 17 do

    1.
    do, dĕdi, dătum, dăre (also in a longer form, dănunt = dant, Pac., Naev., and Caecil. ap. Non. 97, 14 sq.; Plaut. Most. 1, 2, 48; id. Ps. 3, 1, 1 et saep.; cf. Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 12 Müll.— Subj.:

    duim = dem,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 6, 6; Ter. Heaut. 1, 1, 38:

    duis,

    Plaut. Capt. 2, 2, 81; id. Men. 2, 1, 42:

    duas = des,

    id. Merc. 2, 3, 67; id. Rud. 5, 3, 12; an old formula in Liv. 10, 19:

    duit,

    Plaut. As. 2, 4, 54; id. Aul. 1, 1, 23; an old formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    duint,

    Plaut. Most. 3, 1, 126; id. Ps. 4, 1, 25; id. Trin. 2, 4, 35; Ter. And. 4, 1, 43; id. Phorm. 3, 2, 34 al.— Imper.: DVITOR, XII. Tab. ap. Plin. 21, 3, 5 ex conject.—Inf.: DASI = dari, acc. to Paul. ex Fest. p. 68, 13 Müll.:

    dane = dasne,

    Plaut. Truc. 2, 4, 22.—The pres. pass., first pers., dor, does not occur), v. a. [Sanscr. dā, da-dā-mi, give; Gr. di-dô-mi, dôtêr, dosis; cf.: dos, donum, damnum], to give; and hence, with the greatest variety of application, passing over into the senses of its compounds, derivatives, and synonyms (edere, tradere, dedere; reddere, donare, largiri, concedere, exhibere, porrigere, praestare, impertire, suppeditare, ministrare, subministrare, praebere, tribuere, offerre, etc.), as, to give away, grant, concede, allow, permit; give up, yield, resign; bestow, present, confer, furnish, afford; offer, etc. (very freq.).
    I.
    In gen.:

    eam carnem victoribus danunt, Naev. ap. Non. l. l.: ea dona, quae illic Amphitruoni sunt data,

    Plaut. Am. prol. 138; cf.:

    patera, quae dono mi illic data'st,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 36:

    dandis recipiendisque meritis,

    Cic. Lael. 8; cf.:

    ut par sit ratio acceptorum et datorum,

    id. ib. 16, 58: ut obsides accipere non dare consuerint, Caes. B. G. 1, 4 fin.:

    obsides,

    id. ib. 1, 19, 1;

    1, 31, 7 et saep.: patriam (sc. mundum) dii nobis communem secum dederunt,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 13:

    hominibus animus datus est ex illis sempiternis ignibus,

    id. ib. 6, 15; cf. ib. 6, 17:

    ea dant magistratus magis, quae etiamsi nolint, danda sint,

    id. ib. 1, 31; cf.

    imperia,

    id. ib. 1, 44:

    centuria, ad summum usum urbis fabris tignariis data,

    id. ib. 2, 22:

    Lycurgus agros locupletium plebi, ut servitio, colendos dedit,

    id. ib. 3, 9 fin.:

    ei filiam suam in matrimonium dat,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3, 5:

    litteras ad te numquam habui cui darem, quin dederim,

    Cic. Fam. 12, 19: litteras (ad aliquem), to write to one, saep.; cf. id. Att. 5, 11;

    and in the same signif.: aliquid ad aliquem,

    id. ib. 10, 8 fin.:

    litteras alicui, said of the writer,

    to give one a letter to deliver, id. ib. 5, 15 fin.;

    of the bearer, rarely,

    to deliver a letter to one, id. ib. 5, 4 init.: colloquium dare, to join in a conference, converse ( poet.), Lucr. 4, 598 (Lachm.;

    al. videmus): colloquiumque sua fretus ab urbe dedit,

    parley, challenge, Prop. 5, 10, 32:

    dare poenas,

    to give satisfaction, to suffer punishment, Sall. C. 18:

    alicui poenas dare,

    to make atonement to any one; to suffer for any thing, Ov. M. 6, 544; Sall. C. 51, 31;

    v. poena: decus sibi datum esse justitia regis existimabant,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 41:

    quoniam me quodammodo invitas et tui spem das,

    id. ib. 1, 10:

    dabant hae feriae tibi opportunam sane facultatem ad explicandas tuas litteras,

    id. ib. 1, 9; cf.:

    ansas alicui ad reprehendendum,

    id. Lael. 16, 59:

    multas causas suspicionum offensionumque,

    id. ib. 24:

    facultatem per provinciam itineris faciundi,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 7, 5;

    for which: iter alicui per provinciam,

    id. ib. 1, 8, 3; Liv. 8, 5; 21, 20 al.:

    modicam libertatem populo,

    Cic. Rep. 2, 31:

    consilium,

    id. Lael. 13:

    praecepta,

    id. ib. 4 fin.:

    tempus alicui, ut, etc.,

    id. Rep. 1, 3:

    inter se fidem et jusjurandum,

    Caes. B. G. 1, 3 fin.:

    operam,

    to bestow labor and pains on any thing, Cic. de Or. 1, 55:

    operam virtuti,

    id. Lael. 22, 84;

    also: operam, ne,

    id. ib. 21, 78:

    veniam amicitiae,

    id. ib. 17:

    vela (ventis),

    to set sail, id. de Or. 2, 44, 187:

    dextra vela dare,

    to steer towards the right, Ov. 3, 640:

    me librum L. Cossinio ad te perferendum dedisse,

    Cic. Att. 2, 1:

    sin homo amens diripiendam urbem daturus est,

    id. Fam. 14, 14 et saep.: ita dat se res, so it is circumstanced, so it is, Poëta ap. Cic. N. D. 2, 26; cf.:

    prout tempus ac res se daret,

    Liv. 28, 5 et saep.— Impers.: sic datur, so it goes, such is fate, i. e. you have your reward, Plaut. Truc. 4, 8, 4; id. Ps. 1, 2, 22; id. Men. 4, 2, 40; 64; id. Stich. 5, 6, 5.— Part. perf. sometimes (mostly in poets) subst.: dăta, ōrum, n., gifts, presents, Plaut. Ps. 1, 3, 72; Prop. 3, 15, 6 (4, 14, 6 M.); Ov. M. 6, 363 (but not in Cic. Clu. 24, 66, where dona data belong together, as in the archaic formula in Liv. 22, 10 init.:

    DATVM DONVM DVIT, P. R. Q.).— Prov.: dantur opes nulli nunc nisi divitibus,

    Mart. 5, 81, 2; cf.:

    dat census honores,

    Ov. F. 1, 217.—
    (β).
    Poet. with inf.:

    da mihi frui perpetuā virginitate,

    allow me, Ov. M. 1, 486; id. ib. 8, 350:

    di tibi dent captā classem reducere Trojā,

    Hor. S. 2, 3, 191; so id. ib. 1, 4, 39; id. Ep. 1, 16, 61; id. A. P. 323 et saep.—
    (γ).
    With ne:

    da, femina ne sim,

    Ov. M. 12, 202.
    II.
    In partic.
    A.
    In milit. lang.
    1.
    Nomina, to enroll one's self for military service, to enlist, Cic. Phil. 7, 4, 13; Liv. 2, 24; 5, 10; cf.

    transf. beyond the military sphere,

    Plaut. Ps. 4, 6, 38.—
    2.
    Manus (lit., as a prisoner of war, to stretch forth the hands to be fettered; cf. Cic. Lael. 26, 99;

    hence),

    to yield, surrender, Nep. Ham. 1, 4;

    and more freq. transf. beyond the milit. sphere,

    to yield, acquiesce, Plaut. Pers. 5, 2, 72; Cic. Lael. 26, 99; id. Att. 2, 22, 2; Caes. B. G. 5, 31, 3; Ov. H. 4, 14; id. F. 3, 688; Verg. A. 11, 568; Hor. Epod. 17, 1 al.—
    3.
    Terga, for the usual vertere terga; v. tergum.—
    B.
    To grant, consent, permit.
    1.
    Esp. in jurid. lang.: DO, DICO, ADDICO, the words employed by the praetor in the execution of his office; viz. DO in the granting of judges, actions, exceptions, etc.; DICO in pronouncing sentence of judgment; ADDICO in adjudging the property in dispute to one or the other party; cf. Varr. L. L. 6, § 30 Müll.;

    hence called tria verba,

    Ov. F. 1, 47.—
    2.
    Datur, it is permitted, allowed, granted; with subj. clause: quaesitis diu terris, ubi sistere detur, Ov. M. 1, 307:

    interim tamen recedere sensim datur,

    Quint. 11, 3, 127:

    ex quo intellegi datur, etc.,

    Lact. 5, 20, 11.—
    C.
    In philos. lang., to grant a proposition:

    in geometria prima si dederis, danda sunt omnia: dato hoc, dandum erit illud (followed by concede, etc.),

    Cic. Fin. 5, 28, 83; id. Tusc. 1, 11, 25; id. Inv. 1, 31 fin. —
    D.
    Designating the limit, to put, place, carry somewhere; and with se, to betake one's self somewhere:

    tum genu ad terram dabo,

    to throw, Plaut. Capt. 4, 2, 17; cf.:

    aliquem ad terram,

    Liv. 31, 37; Flor. 4, 2 fin.:

    me haec deambulatio ad languorem dedit!

    has fatigued me, Ter. Heaut. 4, 6, 3:

    hanc mihi in manum dat,

    id. And. 1, 5, 62:

    praecipitem me in pistrinum dabit,

    id. ib. 1, 3, 9:

    hostes in fugam,

    Caes. B. G. 5, 51 fin.:

    hostem in conspectum,

    to bring to view, Liv. 3, 69 fin.:

    aliquem in vincula,

    to cast into prison, Flor. 3, 10, 18; cf.:

    arma in profluentes,

    id. 4, 12, 9:

    aliquem usque Sicanium fretum,

    Val. Fl. 2, 28:

    aliquem leto,

    to put to death, to kill, Phaedr. 1, 22, 9:

    se in viam,

    to set out on a journey, Cic. Fam. 14, 12:

    sese in fugam,

    id. Verr. 2, 4, 43 fin.; cf.:

    se fugae,

    id. Att. 7, 23, 2:

    Socrates, quam se cumque in partem dedisset, omnium fuit facile princeps,

    id. de Or. 3, 16, 60 et saep.—
    E.
    Designating the effect, to cause, make, bring about, inflict, impose:

    qui dederit damnum aut malum,

    Ter. And. 1, 1, 116:

    nec consulto alteri damnum dari sine dolo malo potest,

    Cic. Tull. 14, 34; 16, 39; cf.:

    malum dare,

    id. N. D. 1, 44, 122:

    hoc quī occultari facilius credas dabo,

    Ter. Hec. 5, 4, 29:

    inania duro vulnera dat ferro,

    Ov. M. 3, 84:

    morsus,

    Prop. 5, 5, 39; cf.:

    motus dare,

    to impart motion, Lucr. 1, 819 al. (but motus dare, to make motion, to move, be moved, id. 2, 311):

    stragem,

    id. 1, 288:

    equitum ruinas,

    to overthrow, id. 5, 1329.—With part. fut. pass.:

    pectora tristitiae dissolvenda dedit,

    caused to be delivered from sadness, Tib. 1, 7, 40.—

    Prov.: dant animos vina,

    Ov. M. 12, 242. —
    F.
    Aliquid alicui, to do any thing for the sake of another; to please or humor another; to give up, sacrifice any thing to another (for the more usual condonare): da hoc illi mortuae, da ceteris amicis ac familiaribus, da patriae, Sulp. ap. Cic. Fam. 4, 5 fin.: aliquid auribus alicujus, Trebon. ib. 12, 16:

    Caere hospitio Vestalium cultisque diis,

    Liv. 7, 20:

    plus stomacho quam consilio,

    Quint. 10, 1, 117 et saep.:

    ut concessisti illum senatui, sic da hunc populo,

    i. e. forgive him, for the sake of the people, Cic. Lig. 12, 37:

    dabat et famae, ut, etc.,

    Tac. A. 1, 7.—Hence,
    b.
    Se alicui, to give one's self up wholly, to devote, dedicate one's self to a person or thing, to serve:

    dedit se etiam regibus,

    Cic. Rab. Post. 2, 4; so Ter. Eun. 3, 3, 10; id. Heaut. 4, 3, 10; Poëta ap. Cic. Fam. 2, 8, 2; Cic. Att. 7, 12, 3; Nep. Att. 9; Tac. A. 1, 31:

    mihi si large volantis ungula se det equi,

    Stat. Silv, 2, 2, 38; 1, 1, 42; 5, 3, 71 al.; Aus. Mosel. 5, 448; cf. Ov. H. 16, 161:

    se et hominibus Pythagoreis et studiis illis,

    Cic. Rep. 1, 111:

    se sermonibus vulgi,

    id. ib. 6, 23:

    se jucunditati,

    id. Off. 1, 34 al.:

    se populo ac coronae,

    to present one's self, appear, id. Verr. 2, 3, 19; cf.:

    se convivio,

    Suet. Caes. 31 et saep.:

    si se dant (judices) et sua sponte quo impellimus inclinant,

    Cic. de Or. 2, 44, 187.—
    G.
    Of discourse, to announce, tell, relate, communicate (like accipere, for to learn, to hear, v. accipio, II.; mostly ante-class. and poet.):

    erili filio hanc fabricam dabo,

    Plaut. Bacch. 2, 3, 132:

    quam ob rem has partes didicerim, paucis dabo,

    Ter. Heaut. prol. 10; cf. Verg. E. 1, 19:

    imo etiam dabo, quo magis credas,

    Ter. Phorm. 5, 6, 37:

    da mihi nunc, satisne probas?

    Cic. Ac. 1, 3, 10:

    Thessalici da bella ducis,

    Val. Fl. 5, 219:

    is datus erat locus colloquio,

    appointed, Liv. 33, 13:

    fixa canens... Saepe dedit sedem notas mutantibus urbes,

    i. e. foretold, promised, Luc. 5, 107.—In pass., poet. i. q.: narratur, dicitur, fertur, etc., is said:

    seu pius Aeneas eripuisse datur,

    Ov. F. 6, 434; Stat. Th. 7, 315; Claud. Rapt. Pros. 3, 337.—
    H.
    Fabulam, to exhibit, produce a play (said of the author; cf.:

    docere fabulam, agere fabulam),

    Cic. Brut. 18 fin.; id. Tusc. 1, 1 fin.; Ter. Eun. prol. 9; 23; id. Heaut. prol. 33; id. Hec. prol. 1 Don.;

    and transf.,

    Cic. Clu. 31, 84; cf.

    also: dare foras librum = edere,

    Cic. Att. 13, 22, 3.—
    I.
    Verba (alicui), to give [p. 605] empty words, i. e. to deceive, cheat, Plaut. Capt. 5, 1, 25; id. Ps. 4, 5, 7; id. Rud. 2, 2, 19; Ter. And. 1, 3, 6 Ruhnk.; Quadrig. ap. Gell. 17, 2, 24; Cic. Phil. 13, 16 fin.; id. Att. 15, 16 A.; Hor. S. 1, 3, 22; Pers. 4, 45; Mart. 2, 76 et saep.—
    K.
    Alicui aliquid (laudi, crimini, vitio, etc.), to impute, assign, ascribe, attribute a thing to any one, as a merit, a crime, a fault, etc.:

    nunc quam rem vitio dent, quaeso animum attendite,

    Ter. And. prol. 8:

    hoc vitio datur,

    id. Ad. 3, 3, 64:

    inopiā criminum summam laudem Sex. Roscio vitio et culpae dedisse,

    Cic. Rosc. Am. 16, 48; id. Off. 1, 21, 71; 2, 17, 58; id. Div. in Caecil. 10; id. Brut. 80, 277 et saep.—
    L.
    Alicui cenam, epulas, etc., to give one a dinner, entertain at table (freq.):

    qui cenam parasitis dabit,

    Plaut. Capt. 4, 4, 2; 3, 1, 35; id. Stich. 4, 1, 8; Ter. Heaut. 3, 1, 45; Cic. Fam. 9, 20, 2; id. Mur. 36, 75:

    prandium dare,

    id. ib. 32, 67; cf. Sen. Ben. 1, 14, 1; Tac. A. 2, 57 al.—
    M.
    To grant, allow, in gen. (rare, but freq. as impers.; v. B. 2. supra):

    dari sibi diem postulabat,

    a respite, Plin. Ep. 3, 9, 32.
    2.
    - do, -dāre ( obsol., found only in the compounds, abdo, condo, abscondo, indo, etc.), 1, v. a. [Sanscr. root dhā-, da-dhāmi, set, put, place; Gr. the-, tithêmi; Ger. thun, thue, that; Eng. do, deed, etc.]. This root is distinct from 1. do, Sanscr. dā, in most of the Arian langg.; cf. Pott. Etym. Forsch. 2, 484; Corss. Ausspr. 2, 410;

    but in Italy the two seem to have been confounded, at least in compounds,

    Curt. Gr. Etym. p. 254 sq.; cf. Max Müller, Science of Lang. Ser. 2, p. 220, N. Y. ed.; Fick, Vergl. Wört. p. 100.
    3.
    do, acc. of domus, v. domus init.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > do

  • 18 redigo

    ēgī, āctum, ere [red + ago ]
    1) гнать назад, отгонять ( capellas O); прогонять (hostem in castra L; aliquem in exsilium Just)
    3) взыскивать, собирать ( pecuniam ex vectigalibus C); выручать ( multum auri Eutr)
    4) обращать, направлять ( praedam in fiscum T)
    5) отдавать, передавать ( aliquid penes aliquem C); обращать ( aliquem in servitutem Cs); приводить ( Galliam in potestatem alicujus Cs); доводить (eo, ut... Ter); вынуждать (aliquem ad aliquid Eutr etc.); делать ( aliquem infirmiorem Cs); сводить, низводить (ad vilem assem H; ad nihilum redĭgi Lcr; r. ad minimum onus O)
    r. in ordinem rhH., Q — упорядочивать
    r. in membra O — расчленять
    r. in vanum L — сводить на нет, расстраивать
    r. ad certum L — удостоверять, делать достоверным
    r. ad internecionem Cs — истребить
    r. aliquid ad limam et lineam certam Ap — проверять что-л. с помощью напильника и отвеса, т. е. весьма тщательно

    Латинско-русский словарь > redigo

  • 19 mitto

    mitto, ĕre, mīsi, missum - tr. -    - parf. sync. misti, Catul. 14, 14 --- inf. pass. mittier, Plaut. Cap. 438; Lucr. 4, 43.    - deux sens principaux suivant qu'il y a ou non activité du sujet: faire aller, partir, etc., ou laisser aller, partir, etc.    - la conjugaison. [st1]1 [-] envoyer, expédier.    - aliquem, aliquid ad aliquem mittere: envoyer qqn, qqch à qqn (Cic. Br. 55 ; Fam. 1, 8, 2, etc.).    - epistulam, litteras ad aliquem ou alicui, Cic.: envoyer une lettre à qqn.    - equitatum auxilio alicui, Caes. BG. 1, 18, 10: envoyer la cavalerie au secours de qqn.    - filium suum foras ad propinquum suum quendam mittit ad cenam, Cic. Verr. 1, 65: il envoie dîner son propre fils au dehors chez un de ses proches parents.    - legionibus nostris sub juqum missis, Cic. Off. 3, 109: nos légions ayant été envoyées sous le joug.    - mittere ad mortem, Cic. 'l'usc. 1, 97: envoyer à la mort.    - mittere morti, Plaut. Cap. 692: envoyer à la mort.    - mittere aliquem avec ut ou qui et subj.: envoyer qqn pour...    - qui causā missi erant commeatus petendi, Caes. BG. 3: qui avaient été envoyés chercher des vivres.    - Haedui legatos ad Caesarem mittunt rogatum auxilium, Caes. BG. 1: les Héduens envoient une ambassade à César pour lui demander secours.    - legatos ad me misit se... esse venturum, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 5: il m'a envoyé des ambassadeurs pour me dire qu'il viendrait.    - litteras ad Jugurtham mittunt, quam ocissume accedat, Sall J. 25, 5: ils envoient une lettre à Jugurtha pour lui enjoindre de venir le plus rapidement possible.    - obsessis omnibus viis missi intercipiuntur, Caes. BG. 5, 40, 1: l'ennemi tenant toutes les routes, les courriers sont interceptés.    - mittit rogatum vasa, Cic. Verr. 4, 63: il envoie demander les vases.    - mittere ad horas, Cic. Br. 200: envoyer en quête de l'heure.    - misi Curio, ut daret, Cic. Fam. 16, 93: j'ai fait dire à Curion de donner.    - in Aequimœlium misimus, qui adferat, Cic. Div. 2, 39: nous avons dépêché au marché qqn pour apporter.    - misit ad me Brutus, Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3: Brutus a dépêché vers moi, m'a fait tenir un avis.    - cohortes ad aliquem missum facere, Pomp. d. Cic. Att. 8, 12 B, 2: faire envoyer à qqn des cohortes.    - di magni, horribilem et sacrum libellum! quem tu scilicet ad tuum Catullum misti, Catul.: grands dieux! quel horrible, quel exécrable livre tu as envoyé à ton pauvre Catulle. [st1]2 [-] envoyer en dédicace, dédier.    - hunc librum ad te de senectute misimus, Cic. CM 3: je t'ai dédié ce livre sur la vieillesse.    - Cato Major ad te missus, Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3: mon Cato Major qui t'est dédié. [st1]3 [-] poét. envoyer (= produire).    - India mittit ebur, Virg. BG. 1, 57: l'Inde nous envoie son ivoire.    - quos frigida misit Nursia, Virg. En. 7, 715: les guerriers qu'envoya la froide Nursie (les guerriers venus de la froide Nursie). [st1]4 [-] c. emittere: envoyer de soi, émettre.    - fumum, vaporem mittere, Lucr. 4, 56: émettre de la fumée, de la chaleur.    - folium mittere, Plin. 18, 58: pousser des feuilles, donner des feuilles.    - florem mittere, Plin. 24, 59: pousser des fleurs, donner des fleurs.    - qua ratione tantulus ille queat tantum sol mittere lumen, Lucr. 5: comment se fait-il que cette petite chose qu'est le soleil émette tant de lumière.    - robora fumum mittunt ignesque vaporem, Lucr.: le bois émet de la fumée et le flamme un souffle de chaleur.    - vocem pro aliquo mittere, Cic. Sest. 42: faire entendre sa voix pour qqn.    - vox de quaestura missa nulla est, Cic. FI. 6: de propos sur sa questure, il n'y en eut point d'émis.    - haec Scipionis oratio ex ipsius ore Pompei mitti videbatur, Caes. BC. 1, 2, 1: ce discours de Scipion semblait émaner de la bouche de Pompée en personne.    - diu vocem non misit, Liv. 3, 50, 4: il resta longtemps sans prononcer une parole. [st1]5 [-] jeter, lancer.    - pila mittere, Caes. BC. 3, 93, 1: lancer des traits.    - aliquem praecipitem ex arce mittere, Ov. M. 8, 250: précipiter qqn du haut de la citadelle.    - se saxo ab alto mittere, Ov. M. 11, 340: se jeter du haut d'un rocher.    - manum ad arma mittere, Sen. Ir. 2, 2: jeter la main sur ses armes.    - talos mittere, Hor. S. 2, 7, 17: jeter les dés (dans le cornet).    - canem mittere, Suet. Aug. 71: amener aux dés le coup du chien.    - jacere, mittere ridiculum, Cic. Or. 87: lancer, décocher le trait plaisant.    - tanta repente caelo missa vis aquae dicitur, ut... Sall. J. 75, 7: soudain il tomba du ciel, dit-on, une si grande quantité d'eau que... [st1]6 [-] tirer, faire couler (sang).    - sanguinem mittere alicui, Cels. 2, 10: tirer du sang à qqn (saigner qqn).    - sanguinem incisa vena mitti novum non est, Cels.: faire une saignée en incisant une veine n'est pas chose nouvelle.    - sanguinem a bracchio mittere, Cels.: faire une saignée au bras.    - cum sanguinem miserit, Cic. Att. 6: après avoir fait couler le sang (de cette province). [st1]7 [-] laisser aller; laisser voir; laisser partir, lâcher; laisser de côté, ne pas parler de.    - mittin me intro? Plaut. Truc. 756: me laisses-tu entrer?    - mittin = mittisne, cf. scin, viden, etc.    - mitte me, Ter. Ad. 780: laisse-moi aller.    - virum mittens, Catul. 66, 29: laissant partir son époux.    - unde mittuntur equi Varr. L. 5, 153: l'endroit d'où partent les chevaux (dans le cirque).    - eos sui timoris signa misisse, Caes. BC. 1, 71, 3: (disant) qu'ils avaient laissé voir (donné) des signes de leur frayeur.    - mitte rudentem, Plaut. Rud. 1015: lâche le câble.    - imprudentia teli missi, Cic. de Or. 3, 158: l'imprudence qui consiste à lâcher (laisser échapper) le trait.    - cutem mittere, Hor. P. 476: lâcher la peau.    - au fig. timorem mittite, Virg. En. 1, 202: laissez-là les craintes.    - Syphacis reconciliandi curam ex animo non miserat, Liv. 30, 3, 4: il n'avait pas renoncé à la tâche de ramener Syphax à l'alliance romaine.    - mitte leves spes, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8: quitte les espoirs frivoles.    - certa mittimus dum incerta petimus, Plaut. Ps. 685: nous laissons filer ce qui est sûr en cherchant à atteindre un objectif incertain.    - jam scrutari mitto, Plaut. Aul. 651: je renonce à chercher davantage.    - mitte male loqui, Ter. And. 5, 3, 2.: cesse de dire de mauvaises paroles.    - mitto haec omnia, Cic. Verr. 4, 116: je laisse de côté tout cela.    - mitto C. Laelium, Cic. Br. 258: je ne parle pas de C. Laelius.    - mitto quaerere, Cic. Sull. 22: j'omets de rechercher.    - mitto quod habent, Cic. Prov. 3: j'omets ce fait qu'ils ont.    - abs. mitto de amissa maxima parte exercitus, Cic. Pis. 47: je ne dis rien de la perte presque totale de l'armée. [st1]8 [-] congédier, envoyer en congé; licencier, libérer du service militaire.    - senatu misso, Cic. Br. 218: la séance du sénat étant levée.    - ab imperatore suo Romam missus, Cic. Off. 3, 79: envoyé en congé à Rome par son général en chef.    - missum facere aliquem: - [abcl]a - congédier qqn, envoyer qqn en congé. - [abcl]b - dégager qqn de toute accusation.    - eas legiones bello confecto missas fieri placere, Cic. Phil. 5, 53: le sénat décide que ces légions, la guerre achevée, seront libérées.    - mittere lictores, Cic. Att. 9: licencier ses licteurs.    - nautas missos facere, Cic.: donner leur congé aux matelots.    - Manlium missum fecit, Cic. Off. 3, 112: il dégagea Manlius de toute accusation.    - poterone missum facere eum cui potestatem imperiumque permisi, Cic. Verr. 5, 104: pourrai-je laisser hors de cause celui à qui j'ai confié l'autorité et le commandement.    - missos faciant honores, Cic. Sest. 138: qu'ils donnent congé aux magistratures (qu'ils ne les briguent pas).    - melius tute reperi, me missum face, Ter. And.: trouve mieux toi-même et envoie-moi promener.    - missam facere iram, Liv.: apaiser sa colère, se calmer.    - Lolliam Paulinam conjunxit sibi brevique missam fecit, Suet.: il épousa Lollia Paulina et la répudia peu après. [st1]9 [-] c. manu mittere: affranchir.    - Plaut. Poen. 100.
    * * *
    mitto, ĕre, mīsi, missum - tr. -    - parf. sync. misti, Catul. 14, 14 --- inf. pass. mittier, Plaut. Cap. 438; Lucr. 4, 43.    - deux sens principaux suivant qu'il y a ou non activité du sujet: faire aller, partir, etc., ou laisser aller, partir, etc.    - la conjugaison. [st1]1 [-] envoyer, expédier.    - aliquem, aliquid ad aliquem mittere: envoyer qqn, qqch à qqn (Cic. Br. 55 ; Fam. 1, 8, 2, etc.).    - epistulam, litteras ad aliquem ou alicui, Cic.: envoyer une lettre à qqn.    - equitatum auxilio alicui, Caes. BG. 1, 18, 10: envoyer la cavalerie au secours de qqn.    - filium suum foras ad propinquum suum quendam mittit ad cenam, Cic. Verr. 1, 65: il envoie dîner son propre fils au dehors chez un de ses proches parents.    - legionibus nostris sub juqum missis, Cic. Off. 3, 109: nos légions ayant été envoyées sous le joug.    - mittere ad mortem, Cic. 'l'usc. 1, 97: envoyer à la mort.    - mittere morti, Plaut. Cap. 692: envoyer à la mort.    - mittere aliquem avec ut ou qui et subj.: envoyer qqn pour...    - qui causā missi erant commeatus petendi, Caes. BG. 3: qui avaient été envoyés chercher des vivres.    - Haedui legatos ad Caesarem mittunt rogatum auxilium, Caes. BG. 1: les Héduens envoient une ambassade à César pour lui demander secours.    - legatos ad me misit se... esse venturum, Cic. Fam. 15, 4, 5: il m'a envoyé des ambassadeurs pour me dire qu'il viendrait.    - litteras ad Jugurtham mittunt, quam ocissume accedat, Sall J. 25, 5: ils envoient une lettre à Jugurtha pour lui enjoindre de venir le plus rapidement possible.    - obsessis omnibus viis missi intercipiuntur, Caes. BG. 5, 40, 1: l'ennemi tenant toutes les routes, les courriers sont interceptés.    - mittit rogatum vasa, Cic. Verr. 4, 63: il envoie demander les vases.    - mittere ad horas, Cic. Br. 200: envoyer en quête de l'heure.    - misi Curio, ut daret, Cic. Fam. 16, 93: j'ai fait dire à Curion de donner.    - in Aequimœlium misimus, qui adferat, Cic. Div. 2, 39: nous avons dépêché au marché qqn pour apporter.    - misit ad me Brutus, Cic. Att. 13, 10, 3: Brutus a dépêché vers moi, m'a fait tenir un avis.    - cohortes ad aliquem missum facere, Pomp. d. Cic. Att. 8, 12 B, 2: faire envoyer à qqn des cohortes.    - di magni, horribilem et sacrum libellum! quem tu scilicet ad tuum Catullum misti, Catul.: grands dieux! quel horrible, quel exécrable livre tu as envoyé à ton pauvre Catulle. [st1]2 [-] envoyer en dédicace, dédier.    - hunc librum ad te de senectute misimus, Cic. CM 3: je t'ai dédié ce livre sur la vieillesse.    - Cato Major ad te missus, Cic. Att. 14, 21, 3: mon Cato Major qui t'est dédié. [st1]3 [-] poét. envoyer (= produire).    - India mittit ebur, Virg. BG. 1, 57: l'Inde nous envoie son ivoire.    - quos frigida misit Nursia, Virg. En. 7, 715: les guerriers qu'envoya la froide Nursie (les guerriers venus de la froide Nursie). [st1]4 [-] c. emittere: envoyer de soi, émettre.    - fumum, vaporem mittere, Lucr. 4, 56: émettre de la fumée, de la chaleur.    - folium mittere, Plin. 18, 58: pousser des feuilles, donner des feuilles.    - florem mittere, Plin. 24, 59: pousser des fleurs, donner des fleurs.    - qua ratione tantulus ille queat tantum sol mittere lumen, Lucr. 5: comment se fait-il que cette petite chose qu'est le soleil émette tant de lumière.    - robora fumum mittunt ignesque vaporem, Lucr.: le bois émet de la fumée et le flamme un souffle de chaleur.    - vocem pro aliquo mittere, Cic. Sest. 42: faire entendre sa voix pour qqn.    - vox de quaestura missa nulla est, Cic. FI. 6: de propos sur sa questure, il n'y en eut point d'émis.    - haec Scipionis oratio ex ipsius ore Pompei mitti videbatur, Caes. BC. 1, 2, 1: ce discours de Scipion semblait émaner de la bouche de Pompée en personne.    - diu vocem non misit, Liv. 3, 50, 4: il resta longtemps sans prononcer une parole. [st1]5 [-] jeter, lancer.    - pila mittere, Caes. BC. 3, 93, 1: lancer des traits.    - aliquem praecipitem ex arce mittere, Ov. M. 8, 250: précipiter qqn du haut de la citadelle.    - se saxo ab alto mittere, Ov. M. 11, 340: se jeter du haut d'un rocher.    - manum ad arma mittere, Sen. Ir. 2, 2: jeter la main sur ses armes.    - talos mittere, Hor. S. 2, 7, 17: jeter les dés (dans le cornet).    - canem mittere, Suet. Aug. 71: amener aux dés le coup du chien.    - jacere, mittere ridiculum, Cic. Or. 87: lancer, décocher le trait plaisant.    - tanta repente caelo missa vis aquae dicitur, ut... Sall. J. 75, 7: soudain il tomba du ciel, dit-on, une si grande quantité d'eau que... [st1]6 [-] tirer, faire couler (sang).    - sanguinem mittere alicui, Cels. 2, 10: tirer du sang à qqn (saigner qqn).    - sanguinem incisa vena mitti novum non est, Cels.: faire une saignée en incisant une veine n'est pas chose nouvelle.    - sanguinem a bracchio mittere, Cels.: faire une saignée au bras.    - cum sanguinem miserit, Cic. Att. 6: après avoir fait couler le sang (de cette province). [st1]7 [-] laisser aller; laisser voir; laisser partir, lâcher; laisser de côté, ne pas parler de.    - mittin me intro? Plaut. Truc. 756: me laisses-tu entrer?    - mittin = mittisne, cf. scin, viden, etc.    - mitte me, Ter. Ad. 780: laisse-moi aller.    - virum mittens, Catul. 66, 29: laissant partir son époux.    - unde mittuntur equi Varr. L. 5, 153: l'endroit d'où partent les chevaux (dans le cirque).    - eos sui timoris signa misisse, Caes. BC. 1, 71, 3: (disant) qu'ils avaient laissé voir (donné) des signes de leur frayeur.    - mitte rudentem, Plaut. Rud. 1015: lâche le câble.    - imprudentia teli missi, Cic. de Or. 3, 158: l'imprudence qui consiste à lâcher (laisser échapper) le trait.    - cutem mittere, Hor. P. 476: lâcher la peau.    - au fig. timorem mittite, Virg. En. 1, 202: laissez-là les craintes.    - Syphacis reconciliandi curam ex animo non miserat, Liv. 30, 3, 4: il n'avait pas renoncé à la tâche de ramener Syphax à l'alliance romaine.    - mitte leves spes, Hor. Ep. 1, 5, 8: quitte les espoirs frivoles.    - certa mittimus dum incerta petimus, Plaut. Ps. 685: nous laissons filer ce qui est sûr en cherchant à atteindre un objectif incertain.    - jam scrutari mitto, Plaut. Aul. 651: je renonce à chercher davantage.    - mitte male loqui, Ter. And. 5, 3, 2.: cesse de dire de mauvaises paroles.    - mitto haec omnia, Cic. Verr. 4, 116: je laisse de côté tout cela.    - mitto C. Laelium, Cic. Br. 258: je ne parle pas de C. Laelius.    - mitto quaerere, Cic. Sull. 22: j'omets de rechercher.    - mitto quod habent, Cic. Prov. 3: j'omets ce fait qu'ils ont.    - abs. mitto de amissa maxima parte exercitus, Cic. Pis. 47: je ne dis rien de la perte presque totale de l'armée. [st1]8 [-] congédier, envoyer en congé; licencier, libérer du service militaire.    - senatu misso, Cic. Br. 218: la séance du sénat étant levée.    - ab imperatore suo Romam missus, Cic. Off. 3, 79: envoyé en congé à Rome par son général en chef.    - missum facere aliquem: - [abcl]a - congédier qqn, envoyer qqn en congé. - [abcl]b - dégager qqn de toute accusation.    - eas legiones bello confecto missas fieri placere, Cic. Phil. 5, 53: le sénat décide que ces légions, la guerre achevée, seront libérées.    - mittere lictores, Cic. Att. 9: licencier ses licteurs.    - nautas missos facere, Cic.: donner leur congé aux matelots.    - Manlium missum fecit, Cic. Off. 3, 112: il dégagea Manlius de toute accusation.    - poterone missum facere eum cui potestatem imperiumque permisi, Cic. Verr. 5, 104: pourrai-je laisser hors de cause celui à qui j'ai confié l'autorité et le commandement.    - missos faciant honores, Cic. Sest. 138: qu'ils donnent congé aux magistratures (qu'ils ne les briguent pas).    - melius tute reperi, me missum face, Ter. And.: trouve mieux toi-même et envoie-moi promener.    - missam facere iram, Liv.: apaiser sa colère, se calmer.    - Lolliam Paulinam conjunxit sibi brevique missam fecit, Suet.: il épousa Lollia Paulina et la répudia peu après. [st1]9 [-] c. manu mittere: affranchir.    - Plaut. Poen. 100.
    * * *
        Mitto, mittis, misi, missum, mittere. Terent. Envoyer.
    \
        Mittere circa regem. Liu. Envoyer par devers le roy.
    \
        Mittere, pro Scribere. Cic. Curio misi, vt medico honos haberetur. J'ay escript à Curius.
    \
        In acta mittere. Seneca. Mettre en registre, Enregistrer.
    \
        In caput mitti. Seneca. Estre jecté en bas, la teste la premiere.
    \
        In consilium mittere. Cic. Accorder que le juge die droict par ce qui est par devers luy, ou par ce qui a esté plaidé.
    \
        Hastam misit in ora. Ouid. Il jecta, etc.
    \
        In fabulas et sermones aliquem mittere. Quintil. Faire parler le monde, Donner occasion au monde de parler et tenir ses contes et mocqueries de quelqu'un.
    \
        Legatos misit, se venturum. Cic. Il m'a envoyé dire par ambassades qu'il viendroit.
    \
        Literas ad Iugurtham mittunt, quamocyssime ad prouinciam accedat. Sallust. Ils luy envoyent lettres, par lesquelles ils luy escripvent qu'il, etc.
    \
        In negotium mittere. Cic. Envoyer ca et là traffiquer et à l'emploitte.
    \
        Ad nomen mittere. Quintil. Envoyer pour ce faire enroller au nombre des gensdarmes, pour aller à la guerre.
    \
        Illi obuiam misimus Athenas, vt inde Thessalonicam veniret. Cic. Nous luy envoyasmes au devant un messager jusques à Athenes, qui luy dist que de là, etc.
    \
        Mitte mihi quaeso obuiam literas, nunquid putes Reip. nomine tardandum esse nobis. Cic. Envoye aucun au devant de moy avec lettres, par lesquelles tu m'escrives si c'est ton advis que, etc.
    \
        In ora populi mittere. Quintil. Faire parler le monde.
    \
        In possessionem mittere. Cic. Quand le Magistrat par la contumace, ou absence d'aucun, envoyoit le demandeur en garnison en sa maison. C'est aussi quand la partie qui a eu telle permission, envoye ses gens en garnison pour se saisir des choses, Mettre en possession et saisine, Saisir, Ensaisiner.
    \
        Praecipitem mittere de muro. Hirtius. Jecter du hault en bas du mur.
    \
        Mittere se praecipitem ex alto. Vlpianus. Se precipiter, Se jecter du hault en bas.
    \
        Iacere et mittere ridiculum. Cic. Dire quelque parolle pour rire, Jecter un brocard de risee.
    \
        Mittere sanguinem. Cic. Corn. Cels. Saigner aucun.
    \
        A saxo mittere se. Ouid. Se precipiter.
    \
        Signum mittere timoris sui. Caes. Donner à congnoistre qu'on ha paour.
    \
        Subsidium et subsidio mittere. Caesar. Envoyer secours.
    \
        In suffragium mittere Centurias. Liu. Apres que le Magistrat avoit remonstré au peuple tout ce que bon luy sembloit, l'appeler à bailler un chascun sa voix.
    \
        Talos mittere. Propert. Horat. Jecter les dets.
    \
        Tempestatem mittere. Plaut. Envoyer une tempeste.
    \
        Vocem mittere. Liu. Crier, Parler.
    \
        Mittere vocem contra aliquem. Cic. Parler contre luy.
    \
        Vox de quaestura nulla missa est. Cic. On n'a nullement parlé de, etc.
    \
        Voces furiales mittere. Cic. Tenir propos furieux et enragez, où il n'y a ne rime ne raison.
    \
        Mittere. Plin. Jecter hors, Produire.
    \
        Mittere. Virgil. Envoyer en don.
    \
        Mitte lachrymas. Terent. Laisse ces pleurs, Ne pleure plus.
    \
        Ambages mitte, atque hoc age. Plautus. Laisse moy touts ces longs propos, et me di en peu de parolles ce que je te demande.
    \
        Curam mittere de pectore. Virgil. Envoyer et chasser arriere tout soulci.
    \
        Missam iram faciet. Terent. Elle s'appaisera.
    \
        Mitto maledicta omnia. Terent. Je me deporte, Je me tais de toutes les meschantes parolles dictes.
    \
        Mitte male loqui. Terentius. Cesse de dire mal, Deporte toy de mesdire.
    \
        Iam scrutari mitto, redde huc. Plaut. Je ne m'enquiers plus, Je m'en tais.
    \
        Mitto de illo nunc. Plaut. Je me deporte d'en plus parler.
    \
        Mitto iam osculari atque amplexari, id nihil puto. Terent. Je me deporte de parler des baisiers, Je ne parle plus des baisiers, etc.
    \
        Mitto quod inuidiam, quod pericula, quod omnes meas tempestates subieris, etc. Cic. Je ne parle point de ce que, etc.
    \
        Mitte me. Ter. Laisse moy aller.
    \
        - vnam hanc noxiam Mitte: si aliam vnquam vllam admisero, occidito. Terent. Pardonne moy ceste faulte.

    Dictionarium latinogallicum > mitto

  • 20 excuso

    ex-cūso ( excuss-), āvi, ātum, 1, v. a. [causa; cf. accuso, from ad-causa; qs. to release from a charge, to free from blame; hence], to excuse a person or thing.
    I.
    Lit.
    (α).
    With a personal object, aliquem alicui:

    Atticae meae velim me ita excuses, ut omnem culpam in te transferas,

    Cic. Att. 15, 28; cf.:

    aliquem alicui per litteras,

    id. Fam. 11, 15, 1; and:

    his omnibus me vehementer excusatum volo,

    id. Verr. 2, 1, 40, § 103.—With quod:

    Titium excusavit Vespa Terentius, quod eum brachium fregisse diceret,

    id. de Or. 2, 62, 253:

    Libo excusat Bibulum, quod is, etc.,

    Caes. B. C. 3, 16, 3:

    primum me tibi excuso in eo ipso, in quo te accuso,

    Cic. Q. Fr. 2, 2, 1:

    se de aliqua re,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1:

    de me excusando apud Apuleium, dederam ad te litteras,

    Cic. Att. 12, 14, 1:

    se alicui,

    Plaut. As. 4, 2, 4; Quint. 4, 1, 75 et saep.—In pass.:

    cura, ut excuser morbi causa in dies singulos,

    Cic. Att. 12, 13, 2: si citatus judex non responderit excuseturque Areopagites esse, etc., excuses himself as being, etc., id. Phil. 5, 5, 14:

    dixi, cur excusatus abirem,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 9, 7:

    apud Appuleium in dies ut excuser videbis,

    Cic. Att. 12, 15, 1:

    me excusatum esse apud Appuleium a Laterense,

    id. ib. 12, 17, 1.—
    (β).
    With inanim. or abstr. objects, to excuse, apologize for:

    Varroni memineris excusare tarditatem litterarum mearum,

    Cic. Att. 15, 26 fin.:

    habitum permutatum,

    Quint. 3, 7, 6:

    palliolum, fascias, etc. (sola valetudo),

    id. 11, 3, 144:

    commentarios,

    id. 10, 7, 31:

    missos ignes,

    Ov. M. 2, 397;

    dolorem,

    id. ib. 4, 256:

    toros,

    Stat. Th. 2, 256:

    reditum Agrippinae ob imminentem partum et hiemem,

    her not returning, Tac. A. 1, 44.
    II.
    Transf.
    A.
    Aliquid (alicui), i. q. se propter aliquid, to allege in excuse, to plead as an excuse, to excuse one's self with.
    (α).
    With acc.:

    propinquitatem excusavit,

    Cic. Phil. 8, 1, 1:

    morbum,

    id. ib. 9, 4, 8:

    inopiam (with calamitatem queri),

    Caes. B. C. 3, 20, 3:

    valetudinem,

    Liv. 6, 22 fin.:

    imbecillitatem,

    Suet. Tib. 6:

    vires,

    Ov. M. 14, 462:

    diversa,

    Tac. A. 3, 11 et saep.:

    ille Philippo Excusare laborem et mercenaria vincla, Quod non mane domum venisset, etc.,

    Hor. Ep. 1, 7, 67:

    dictatorem se apud patres excusare solitum,

    Liv. 6, 39, 4:

    aliquid apud aliquem,

    Curt. 5, 10, 8; Suet. Tib. 68.— Pass.:

    quae apud Vitellium excusanda erant,

    Tac. H. 2, 85:

    excusata necessitas praesentium,

    id. ib. 1, 78:

    excusata rei familiaris mediocritate,

    Suet. Aug. 101:

    excusatus languor faucium, propter quem non adesset,

    id. Ner. 41 et saep.—
    (β).
    With an object-clause:

    si prehensi sumus, excusemus, ebrios Nos fecisse, etc.,

    Plaut. Aul. 4, 10, 19 (but in id. Merc. 2, 3, 126, the correct reading is incusato, v. Ritschl ad h. l.): excusanti, minus datum ad occultandam facinoris invidiam, Suet. Ner. 33; id. Aug. 69.—
    B.
    Aliquem ab aliqua re, aliqua re, or alicui rei, to excuse, absolve one from any thing; to discharge, dispense with one (postAug.):

    a coepta (tutela) excusari,

    Dig. 27, 1, 11:

    collegarum filiorum tutela excusari,

    ib. 9; cf. Ambros. in Psa. 1, § 46:

    cui excusari mallet,

    Tac. A. 1. 12; Vulg. Luc. 14, 19. But (class.):

    se de aliqua re: legati venerunt, qui se de superioris temporis consilio excusarent, quod, etc.,

    Caes. B. G. 4, 22, 1.—
    C.
    Se ab aliqua re, to shelter, protect one's self from any thing (post-class.):

    ut invicom se a calore excusent (plantae),

    Pall. Nov. 7, 2. —Hence,
    D.
    Aliquid aliqua re, to compensate, atone for any thing (post-Aug. and rare):

    nefas armis,

    Claud. de Bell. Get. 562; Stat. Th. 6, 44; Plin. Pan. 32, 4.—Hence, excūsātus, a, um, P. a., excused (postAug. and rare):

    hoc et ego excusatior, si forte sum lapsus, et tu dignior laude,

    Plin. Ep. 8, 14, 11; 4, 5, 4:

    excusatissimus essem, etiamsi, etc.,

    Sen. Const. Sap. 29.— Adv.: excūsātē, without blame, excusably:

    fieri id videtur excusate,

    Quint. 2, 1, 13.— Comp.:

    quod exoratus excusatius facies,

    Plin. Ep. 9, 21, 3; Tac. A. 3, 68; Just. 32, 2.

    Lewis & Short latin dictionary > excuso

Страницы

См. также в других словарях:

  • PRECARI — apud Statium, Thebaid. l. 12. v. 816. Vive, precor, nec tu divinam Aeneida tenta: veteri Scholiasti, Deos precari exponitur, optime. Saepe enim verbum sic absolute positum, Deos orare est, optimis Scriptoribus, uti vel ex Virgilio notissimum. Id… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

  • desgorger — Se Desgorger, Euomere aliquid in aliquem. Il se desgorgea de tout ce qu il s estoit teu paravant, Effudit illa omnia quae tacuerat …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • piquer — Piquer, Lancinare, Pungere, Fodere, Stimulare, Stimulos admouere. Piquer un cheval des esperons, Concitare calcaribus equum, Calcaribus agitare, Calcaria subdere, Fodere calcaribus armos equi. Piquer le cheval qui va plus viste que ne voulons,… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • mettre — Mettre, Ponere. Il vient de Mittere, par syncope et antiptose, Inde Mittere in possessionem. Mettre en possession. Mettre à bord, Naues ad terram applicare, Appellere nauem. Mets toy à dextre, Concede ad dexteram. Mettre à feu et à sang, Incendia …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • prendre — Prendre, Accipere, Acceptare, Capere, Captare, Excipere, Prendere, Prehendere, Comprehendere, Percipere, Sumere, Desumere. Prendre et appliquer à soy, Asciscere. Prendre en sa main quelque chose, Inuolare. Prendre en cachette, Surripere. On n en… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • plaisir — en François se prend pour un bien fait, pour une chose fort agreable, et pour recreation, joyeuseté ou passetemps. Plaisir mondain et charnel, Voluptas. Mon plaisir ou soulas, Meum suauium, Quid agitur? Mea voluptas. A mon plaisir, Ex sententia,… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • charge — Charge, ou fardeau, Onus. Une charge et charté, Vehes, vehis. La charge qu on baille à aucun pour faire quelque chose, Actus, Mandatum, Ministerium, Negotium, Onus. Toute charge qu on prend, ou qu on baille à faire, Prouincia. Une charge… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • faire — Faire, act. acut. Vient de l infinitif Latin Facere, ostant la lettre c. Facere, agere. L Italien syncope, et dit Fare. Faire de l argent à son creancier, Pecunias conquirere ad nomen eradendum ex tabulis creditoris. Faire argent, Conficere… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • propos — Propos, Vient du Latin, Propono, et signifie ores conference de paroles entre deux ou plusieurs, Sermo, Oratio, Conlocutio, comme, Ils ont propos ensemble de mes affaires, Sermonem habent de rebus meis. Par son propos j ay entendu, Ex eius… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • parole — I. Parole, Verbum, Dictio, Dictum, Oratio, Locutio, Allocutio, Sermo, Vox. La parole d un autre, Oratio aliena. Parole ou escriture diligemment composée, par laquelle on entend prouvoir à l asseurance de quelque chose, Cautio. Parole qui… …   Thresor de la langue françoyse

  • VESTIS — primi hominis innocentia fuit, cui postquam iniquitas successit, vidit se nudum esse, et consutis foliis fecit sibi subligacula, Genes. c. 3. v. 7. ut sic membris minime honestis honorem circumponeret, prout loquitur Paulus 1. Corinth. c. 12. v.… …   Hofmann J. Lexicon universale

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